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KATA PENGANTAR

Majapahit merupakan salah satu kerajaan besar yang pernah berdiri di

Nusantara. Luas Kerajaan Majapahit pun mencakup hingga seluruh Nusantara yang

meliputi Jawa, Bali, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi hingga

Maluku. Kekuasaan wilayah kerajaan yang luas tak lepas dari peran Raja-Raja yang

berhasil menyatukan seluruh kerajaan di Nusantara. Nilai-nilai sejarah ini nantinya

Namun nilai-nilai sejarah ini kurang diminati dan dipedulikan oleh generasi

muda. Generasi muda lebih peduli dan minat pada budaya luar. Salah satu faktor

yang menyebabkan kurangnya minat generasi muda untuk mempelajari sejarah

adalah minimnya media informasi yang ada.

Penulis berpendapat bahwa perancangan media informasi dibutuhkan untuk

menambah wawasan generasi muda mengenai sejarah Kerajaan Majapahit

khususnya Raja-Raja Majapahit. Dengan adanya media informasi ini, penulis

berharap sejarah Raja-Raja Majapahit dapat dikenal dan dijadikan wisata sejarah

oleh generasi muda.

Ucapan terima kasih penulis ucapkan kepada pihak yang telah membantu

dalam merancang tugas akhir ini. Terima kasih penulis tujukan kepada :

1. Allah SWT. yang melimpahkan rahmat dan karunia-Nya yang telah

memberikan kelancaran selama perancangan Tugas Akhir ini.

2. Mohammad Rizaldi, S.T., M.Ds., selaku Ketua Program Studi Visual

Brand Design di Universitas Multimedia Nusantara

menjadi cikal bakal berdirinya Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia.

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3. Ken Natasha Violeta, S.Sn., M.Ds., selaku Dosen Pembimbing yang

selalu memberikan masukan serta membimbing penulis dalam setiap

proses perancangan Tugas Akhir ini.

4. Keluarga penulis yang telah membantu secara finansial, motivasi dan

doa dalam proses pengumpulan data perancangan Tugas Akhir ini.

5. Abiyu dan Dave, sahabat kecil penulis yang terus membantu dan

menyemangati penulis setiap saat

6. Tifanny, Christella dan Siti Alawiyah, sahabat penulis di UMN yang

menemani, memberi masukan dan pendapat, dan memberi semangat

untuk menyelesaikan laporan ini.

7. Bapak Abdul Rozak dari Museum Trowulan Mojokerto yang telah

memberikan informasi mendalam mengenai sejarah Kerajaan

Majapahit.

Tangerang, 29 Juni 2020

Muhammad Fadhlirahman

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ABSTRAKSI

Kerajaan Majapahit adalah salah satu kerajaan terbesar yang pernah berdiri di

Nusantara. Kebesaran Kerajaan Majapahit tidak lepas dari perjuangan Raja-Raja

yang berhasil menyatukan seluruh kerajaan di Nusantara. Nilai-nilai sejarah ini

yang nantinya menjadi cikal bakal berdirinya Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia.

Sayangnya nilai-nilai sejarah ini kurang dikenal dan diminati oleh generasi muda,

salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan hal ini adalah kurangnya media informasi.

Dengan ini, media informasi berupa buku ilustrasi mengenai sejarah Kerajaan

Majapahit akan menjadi media pendukung untuk generasi muda lebih mengenal

mengenai sejarah-sejarah tersebut. Demikian penulis memutuskan untuk

merancang berbagai kebutuhan buku ilustrasi sejarah Raja-Raja Majapahit melalui

ilustrasi dan visual baru yang diharapkan dapat membantu generasi muda lebih

mengenal sejarah Raja-Raja Kerajaan Majapahit.

Kata kunci : Kerajaan Majapahit, Buku Ilustrasi, Generasi Muda

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ABSTRACT

Majapahit Kingdom is one of the biggest kingdoms that ever stood in the

archipelago. The greatness of the Majapahit Kingdom cannot be separated from

the struggle of the Kings who succeeded in uniting all the kingdoms in the

Archipelago. These historical values which later became the forerunner to the

establishment of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia. Unfortunately these historical

values are less well known and in demand by the younger generation, one factor

that causes this is the lack of information media. With this, the information media

in the form of an illustrated book about the history of the Majapahit Kingdom will

become a supporting medium for the younger generation to get to know about these

histories. Thus the author decided to design various needs of the historical

illustration books of the Kings of Majapahit through new illustrations and visuals

that are expected to help the younger generation get to know the history of the Kings

of the Majapahit Kingdom.

Keywords: Majapahit Empire, Illustration Book, Young Generation

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DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN TIDAK MELAKUKAN PLAGIAT .................... II

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR ............................................... III

KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... IV

ABSTRAKSI ........................................................................................................ VI

ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................ VII

DAFTAR ISI ..................................................................................................... VIII

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1

1.1. Latar Belakang .......................................................................................... 1

1.2. Rumusan Masalah ..................................................................................... 3

1.3. Batasan Masalah........................................................................................ 3

1.4. Tujuan Tugas Akhir .................................................................................. 4

1.5. Manfaat Tugas Akhir ................................................................................ 4

BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ........................................................................... 6

2.1. Media Informasi ........................................................................................ 6

2.1.1. Definisi Media Informasi ............................................................... 6

2.2. Perancangan Desain Grafis ....................................................................... 7

2.2.1. Elemen Desain .............................................................................. 7

2.2.1.1. Titik ............................................................................................... 7

2.2.1.2. Garis .............................................................................................. 7

2.2.1.3. Bentuk ........................................................................................... 8

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2.2.1.4. Warna ............................................................................................ 9

2.2.1.5. Tekstur ........................................................................................11

2.2.1.6. Tipografi .....................................................................................11

2.2.1.7. Layout .........................................................................................13

2.2.2. Prinsip Desain ............................................................................. 14

2.2.2.1. Kesatuan (Unity) ......................................................................14

2.2.2.2. Penekanan (Emphasis) ...........................................................15

2.2.2.3. Keseimbangan (Balance) ......................................................16

2.2.2.4. Irama (Rhythm) .........................................................................17

2.3. Buku Ilustrasi .......................................................................................... 18

2.3.1. Bentuk .......................................................................................... 21

2.3.2. Perspektif ..................................................................................... 20

2.3.3. Tokoh ........................................................................................... 21

2.3.4. Action ........................................................................................... 22

2.3.5. Perspektif Tokoh .......................................................................... 22

2.3.6. Komposisi .................................................................................... 23

2.3.7. Tokoh dan Penokohan .................................................................. 24

2.3.8. 3 Dimensioanl Character ............................................................. 26

2.4. Kerajaan Majapahit ................................................................................. 30

2.4.1. Raja-Raja Majapahit.................................................................... 31

2.4.1.1. Yang Mulya Sang Prabu Kertarejasa .................................31

2.4.1.2. Yang Mulya Sang Prabu Jayanegara .................................32

2.4.1.3. Yang Mulya Kanjeng Ratu Tribuwana TunggaDewi ...33

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2.4.1.4. Yang Mulya Prabu Hayam Wuruk .....................................34

2.4.1.5. Yang Mulya Prabu Wikrama Wardhana ...........................34

2.4.1.6. Yang Mulya Dyah Ayu Dewi Suhita .................................35

2.4.1.7. Yang Mulya(Kertawijaya)Prabu Brawijaya I ..................36

2.4.1.8. Yang Mulya(Rajasa Wardhana)Prabu Brawijaya II ......37

2.4.1.9. Yang Mulya(HyangPurwawisesa)Prabu Brawijaya III 37

2.4.1.10. Yang Mulya (Bhre Pandan Salas) Prabu Brawijaya IV38

2.4.1.11. Yang Mulya (Bhre Kertabumi) Prabu Brawijaya V ......39

BAB III METODOLOGI .................................................................................. 40

3.1. Metode Pengumpulan Data .................................................................... 40

3.1.1. Wawancara ................................................................................. 41

3.1.2. Kuesioner .................................................................................... 45

3.1.3. Studi Literatur ............................................................................. 48

3.2. Studi Referensi ........................................................................................ 49

3.2.1. Komik Pahlawan Islam : Shalahuddin Al-Ayyubi ..................... 49

3.2.2. Si Juki Seri Jalan-Jalan Nusantara : Petualangan di Belitung .. 50

3.2.3. 99 Pesan Nabi ............................................................................. 51

3.3. Metode Perancangan ............................................................................... 51

3.3.1. Perancangan Buku ...................................................................... 51

3.3.2. Ilustrasi ........................................................................................ 52

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BAB IV STRATEGI DAN ANALISIS PERANCANGAN ............................ 53

4.1. Strategi Perancangan ............................................................................... 53

4.1.1. Mindmap Perancangan ............................................................... 53

4.1.2. Brainstorming ............................................................................. 55

4.1.3. Perancangan Buku Ilustrasi ....................................................... 74

4.1.3.1. Konten Buku ................................................................... 75

4.1.3.2. Warna ............................................................................. 74

4.1.3.3. Tipografi ......................................................................... 76

4.1.3.4. Layout Buku ................................................................... 78

4.1.3.5. Judul Buku ...................................................................... 78

4.1.3.6. Sampul Buku .................................................................. 79

4.1.4. Perancangan Merchandise ......................................................... 81

4.1.4.1. Topi ................................................................................. 81

4.1.4.2. Tas Serut ......................................................................... 81

4.1.5. Perancangan Gimmick ................................................................ 82

4.1.5.1. Photocard Pack ............................................................... 82

4.1.6. Perancangan Media Promosi ..................................................... 83

4.1.6.1. Instagram Stories ........................................................... 83

4.1.6.2. X-Banner ......................................................................... 84

4.2. Analisis Perancangan .............................................................................. 86

4.2.1. Analisis Buku Ilustrasi ............................................................... 86

4.2.2. Analisis Media Promosi ............................................................ 135

4.2.3. Analisis Media Sekunder .......................................................... 137

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4.3. Budgeting .............................................................................................. 140

4.3.1. Budgeting Buku ........................................................................ 140

4.3.2. Budgeting Media Sekunder ...................................................... 142

BAB V PENUTUP ............................................................................................ 143

5.1. Kesimpulan ........................................................................................... 143

5.2. Saran ...................................................................................................... 144

DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... XXIII

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Iklan Televisi ....................................................................................... 7

Gambar 2.2 SPB membagikan brosur ..................................................................... 8

Gambar 2.3 fast motion line .................................................................................... 9

Gambar 2.4 speech balloon shape ........................................................................ 10

Gambar 2.5 warna primer ..................................................................................... 11

Gambar 2.6 warna sekunder .................................................................................. 12

Gambar 2.7 warna tersier ...................................................................................... 12

Gambar 2.8 tekstur dekorasi kayu ......................................................................... 13

Gambar 2.9 lettering dalam komik........................................................................ 14

Gambar 2.10 garis sebagai dasar komposisi ......................................................... 15

Gambar 2.11 huruf sebagai dasar komposisi ........................................................ 15

Gambar 2.12 geometris sebagai dasar komposisi ................................................. 16

Gambar 2.13 Unity dalam sampul komik ............................................................. 17

Gambar 2.14 Emphasis dalam komik ................................................................... 18

Gambar 2.15 Balance dalam sampul komik ......................................................... 19

Gambar 2.16 Visual Rhtythm dalam animasi Disney ........................................... 20

Gambar 2.17 Variasi Bentuk ................................................................................. 21

Gambar 2.18 Bentuk dasar menjadi ilustrasi ........................................................ 22

Gambar 2.19 One-Point Perspective ..................................................................... 22

Gambar 2.20 Figure .............................................................................................. 23

Gambar 2.21 Rangkaian gerakan tokoh ................................................................ 24

Gambar 2.22 Perspektif Tokoh ............................................................................. 25

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Gambar 2.23 Komposisi dalam komik ................................................................. 26

Gambar 2.24 Tokoh antagonis dalam Fantastic Four ........................................... 27

Gambar 2.25 Tokoh protagonis dalam Fantastic Four .......................................... 27

Gambar 2.26 Perbedaan Fisiologi dalam komik Marvel ...................................... 28

Gambar 2.27 Sosiologi dalam komik Marvel ....................................................... 29

Gambar 2.28 Psikologi Tony Stark digambarkan melalui emosinya .................... 30

Gambar 2.29 Ilustrasi Raden Wijaya .................................................................... 31

Gambar 2.30 Ilustrasi Jayanegara ......................................................................... 33

Gambar 2.31 Ilustrasi Hayam Wuruk ................................................................... 35

Gambar 2.32 Ilustrasi Wikramawardhana dan Kusumawardhani ......................... 36

Gambar 2.33 Ilustrasi Kertawijaya .......................................................................... 39

Gambar 3.1 Dokumentasi peninggalan Kerajaan Majapahit ................................ 44

Gambar 3.2 Wawancara bersama Bapak Abdul Rozak ........................................ 45

Gambar 3.3 Dokumentasi Juru Kunci Makam ...................................................... 46

Gambar 3.4 Makam Putri Cempo dan Brawijaya V ............................................. 47

Gambar 3.5 Rumus Slovin .................................................................................... 48

Gambar 3.6 tampilan kuesioner ............................................................................ 48

Gambar 3.7 hasil kuesioner 1 ................................................................................ 49

Gambar 3.8 hasil kuesioner 2 ................................................................................ 49

Gambar 3.9 Studi Literatur 1 ................................................................................ 50

Gambar 3.10 Studi Literatur 2 .............................................................................. 50

Gambar 3.11 Studi Literatur 3 .............................................................................. 51

Gambar 3.12 Cover Buku Komik Pahlawan Islam : Shalahuddin Al-Ayyubi ..... 51

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Gambar 3.13 Cover Buku Si Juki Seri JalanJalan Nusantara : Petualangan di

Belitung ................................................................................................................. 52

Gambar 4.1 Mindmapping .................................................................................... 56

Gambar 4.2 Moodboard ........................................................................................ 57

Gambar 4.3 Referensi visual karakter Bravi ......................................................... 58

Gambar 4.4 Sketsa Karakter Bravi ....................................................................... 58

Gambar 4.5 Bendera Majapahit ............................................................................ 59

Gambar 4.6 Digitalisasi Karakter Bravi ................................................................ 59

Gambar 4.7 Referensi Visual mesin waktu Bravi ................................................. 60

Gambar 4.8 Sketsa mesin waktu Bravi ................................................................. 60

Gambar 4.9 Digitalisasi mesin waktu Bravi ......................................................... 61

Gambar 4.10 Referensi visual karakter Jaya ......................................................... 61

Gambar 4.11 Sketsa karakter Jaya ........................................................................ 62

Gambar 4.12 Digitalisasi Karakter Jaya................................................................ 62

Gambar 4.13 Referensi Karakter Kertarajasa ....................................................... 63

Gambar 4.14 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Kertarajasa .................................... 63

Gambar 4.15 Referensi Karakter Jayanegara ........................................................ 64

Gambar 4.16 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Jayanegara .................................... 64

Gambar 4.17 Referensi Karakter Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi ....................... 65

Gambar 4.18 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi .... 65

Gambar 4.19 Referensi Karakter Hayam Wuruk .................................................. 65

Gambar 4.20 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Hayam Wuruk............................... 66

Gambar 4.21 Referensi Karakter Gajah Mada ...................................................... 66

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Gambar 4.22 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Gajah Mada .................................. 66

Gambar 4.23 Referensi Karakter Wikramawardhana ........................................... 67

Gambar 4.24 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Wikramawardhana ........................ 67

Gambar 4.25 Referensi Karakter Dewi Suhita ...................................................... 68

Gambar 4.26 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Dewi Suhita .................................. 68

Gambar 4.27 Referensi Karakter Kertawijaya ...................................................... 69

Gambar 4.28 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Kertawijaya ................................... 69

Gambar 4.29 Referensi Karakter Rajasawardhana ............................................... 69

Gambar 4.30 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Rajasawardhana ............................ 70

Gambar 4.31 Referensi Karakter Girisawardhana ................................................ 70

Gambar 4.32 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Girisawardhana ............................. 70

Gambar 4.33 Referensi Karakter Brawijaya IV .................................................... 71

Gambar 4.34 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Brawijaya IV................................. 71

Gambar 4.35 Referensi Karakter Brawijaya V ..................................................... 72

Gambar 4.36 Sketsa dan digitalisasi karakter Brawijaya V .................................. 72

Gambar 4.37 Kateren ............................................................................................ 73

Gambar 4.38 Moodboard ...................................................................................... 74

Gambar 4.39 Font Anime Ace .............................................................................. 75

Gambar 4.40 Penggunaan font Anime Ace pada dialog ....................................... 76

Gambar 4.41 Font The Arivale ............................................................................. 76

Gambar 4.42 Penggunaan font The Arivale pada judul buku ............................... 76

Gambar 4.43 Sketsa Grid Modular ....................................................................... 77

Gambar 4.44 Judul Buku ...................................................................................... 78

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Gambar 4.45 Sketsa desain sampul buku .............................................................. 78

Gambar 4.46 Sketsa final desain sampul buku ..................................................... 79

Gambar 4.47 Desain Sampul Buku ....................................................................... 79

Gambar 4.48 Topi Bravi Jaya ............................................................................... 80

Gambar 4.49 Tas Serut Bravi Jaya ........................................................................ 81

Gambar 4.50 Photocard Pack Bravi Jaya ............................................................. 82

Gambar 4.51 Desain Instagram Stories ................................................................ 83

Gambar 4.52 Mockup Instagram Stories .............................................................. 83

Gambar 4.53 Desain X-Banner ............................................................................. 84

Gambar 4.54 Mockup X-Banner ........................................................................... 84

Gambar 4.55 Sampul Buku ................................................................................... 85

Gambar 4.56 Analisis Halaman Pembuka ............................................................ 86

Gambar 4.57 Analisis Halaman 1 ......................................................................... 87









Gambar 4.66 Analisis Halaman 10 ....................................................................... 93


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Gambar 4.74 Analisis Halaman 18 ..................................................................... 100

















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Gambar 4.100 Analisis Halaman 44 ................................................................... 123







Gambar 4.107 Analisis Halaman 51-52 .............................................................. 129



Gambar 4.110 Analisis Halaman 55-58 .............................................................. 131



Gambar 4.113 Analisis Halaman Penutup .......................................................... 133

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Gambar 4.114 Analisis Halaman Sampul Belakang ........................................... 133

Gambar 4.115 Analisis instagram stories ........................................................... 134

Gambar 4.116 Analisis x-banner ........................................................................ 135

Gambar 4.117 Analisis topi ................................................................................ 136

Gambar 4.118 Analisis tas serut.......................................................................... 137

Gambar 4.119 Analisis Photocard Pack ............................................................ 137

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DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 4.1 Biaya Desain ....................................................................................... 139

Tabel 4.2 Biaya Cetak Buku ............................................................................... 139

Tabel 4.3 Biaya Cetak Cover .............................................................................. 140

Tabel 4.4 Perhitungan Harga Satuan Buku ......................................................... 141

Tabel 4.5 Media Sekunder .................................................................................. 142

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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

LAMPIRAN A : KARTU BIMBINGAN ...................................................... XXV

LAMPIRAN B : SURAT IZIN WAWANCARA ...................................... XXVII

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