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MANAJEMEN

KEPERAWATANOLEH : LAODE KAMALIA

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TIU (Tujuan Instruksional Umum)

• Selesai Belajar Mata Kuliah ini mahasiswadapat mengelola pelayanan keperawatansecara efektif dan efisien.

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TIK (Tujuan Instruksional Khusus)

Setelah menyelesaikan pembelajaran ini mahasiswadiharapkan dapat :

1. Menerapkan gaya, pendekatan dan strategi untukmempengaruhi individu dan kelompok terhadappenentuan dan pencapaian tujuan dalam suatu situasikhusus;

2. Merancang suatu rencana perubahan dalamlingkungan kerjanya sebagai pembantu dalam lingkuptanggung jawabnya;

3. Menyusun falsafah, sasaran dan kebijakan untukkegiatan keperawatan;

4. Menggunakan pendekatan pemecahan masalah danmerencanakan kegiatan2 keperawatan;

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TIK (Tujuan Instruksional Khusus)

5. Menunjukkan keterampilan mengorganisirdan mengkoordinasi kegiatankeperawatan secara efektif;

6. Mendelegasikan tugas-tugas danmelakukan supervisi;

7. Menganalisis sistem asuhankeperawatan;

8. Dapat menentukan kualitas pelayanan.

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Pokok Bahasan

1. Konsep dasar manajemen keperawatan;2. Teori manajemen dan kepemimpinan;3. Struktur organisasi keperawatan;4. Rekrutmen pegawai;5. Motivasi dan kepuasan kerja;6. Delegasi dan supervisi;7. Komunikasi dan negosiasi;8. Manajemen konflik;

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Pokok Bahasan

9. Konsep sistem model pemberian asuhankeperawatan;

10. Aplikasi;11. Rencana strategi;12. Timbang terima;

13. Ronde keperawatan;14. Pengelolaan obat di ruangan;

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Pokok Bahasan

15. Kepemimpinan (peran Ka Ru dalamMPKP);

16. Supervisi / delegasi;17. Motivasi;18. Komunikator;19. Pemecahan masalah;20. Kualitas pelayanan;21. Penilaian pelayanan tugas.

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Buku Kepustakaan :• An Gillies, Nursing Management,• Swansburg, Leadership and Management;•

Chitty, K.K., Professional Nursing,Concepts and challenges, Second ed,Philadelphia WB. Sauders Co.

•

Kamalia, La Ode, Kepemimpinan danManajemen Keperawatan;

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THE NURSING MANAGEMENTPROCESS

• Management is the process of getting work donethrough others.

• Nursing management is the process of working

through nursing personnel to provide care, cure,and comfort to groups of patients.

• The nurse managers task is plan, organize,direct, and control available financial, material,and human resources in other to provideeffective, economic care to groups of patients.(Dee Ann Gillies, 1994)

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The Nursing ManagementProcess :

1. Nursing Process : Assessment,Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, andEvaluation.

2. Management Process : Data gathering,Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Leading,and Controlling.

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The Nursing ManagementSystem :

1. Input : Data, Personnel, Equipment,Supplies.

2. Process : Data Gathering, Planning,Organizing, Staffing, Leading, Controlling

3. Output : Patient Care, Staff Development,Research.

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Process :

1. Data Gathering : Information about : agency, Clients,employees, resources.

2. Planning : objectives, system, standards, polices,procedures, and budget.

3. Organizing : type of organization, job evaluation, jobdescription, Group work and Team Building.

4. Staffing : patient classification, determining staff need,recruitment, selection, orientation, scheduling,assigning, minimizing abcenteisme, decreasing turnover, staff development.

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Process :

5. Leading : Using Power, Problem Solving,Decision making, Effecting Change,Handling conflict, Communication andtransactional analysis.

6. Controlling : Quality Improvement, patientaudit, performance appraisal, discipline,Labor Relations, Computer informationsystems

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The Nursing Management Process, AllSystem Compnents are Interrelated :

DataGathering Planning Organizing Staffing Leading Controlling

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Gathering Data About Agency Client

Input :Data from :

Annual reportMonthly statistical

reportsMedical staff reportsQuality monitoring

dataPatient case studiesPatient chartsPatient interviewsPatient surveys

Throughput :Processing of patient

data by reading,discussing,computing,comparingstatistics withnational andregional statistics,comparing currentwith past data

Output :Outcomes of processingpatient data:Daily patient censusPortion of total patient

census composed ofpatients in each clinical ordiagnositic group

Average length of stayIncidence of variouscomplicationsTreatment complianceratesUtilization reviewinformationQuality monitoring dataPatient staisfaction data

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Gathering Data About NursingPersonnel

Input :Data from :Personnel filesEmployee interviewPerformance evaluationCounseling recordsDisciplinary recordsPersonnel profiles

Attendance and turn overrates

Educational recordsExit interviewsEqual employment

Opportunty reports Academic Course grades

Throughput :Processing employee data

by ReadingInterviewingDiscussion with patientsObservation of workConsultation with

coworkersComparison with regional

or national sstatiticsDiscussion with employees

Output ::Outcomes of processing data:Knowledge of Seniority ratesEducational backgroundExperiential back groundProfessional interests

Attendance recordsTurn over ratesSkill levelProfessional aspirationsSocial abilitiesSensitivity toValue, fears Resentments,strengths, WeaknessesCuriosity regardingMotivation factorsGroup dynamic effectsEducational methodsWork hazards and difficulties

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StaffingInput

Agency purpose andgoals

Agency objectives

Table of organizationJob evaluationsJob descriptionsLabor statisticsLocal labor poolInterviewing skillsPatient classification

systemPatient census forecasts

ThroughputRecruiting

AssessingSelecting

HiringOrientingScheduling

Assigning

DevelopingDiscipliningPromoting

OutputPersonnel RostersPayroll rostersOrientation outlinesPersonnel on / off duty

schedules Assignment postersBalance staff / workloadratioMinimal staff absenteeismMinimal use of agency and

overtime workersReady pool of qualifiedcandidates for middle andupper level nursingpositionsEffective patient care

Nurse retention.

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LeadingInputCommunication

skillsPersonal

attractivenessPositional powerNursing expertiseProblem solving

skills

Throughput AssigningInformingDirecting

SupervisingMotivatingCounseling

OutputEffective patient careEmployee selfactualizationSignificant contributionsto nursing knowledgeand techniques throughpractice adcancement sand research findings

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Quality ImprovementInputLength of stay standards

for various diagnosesQuality criteria

Nursing practicestandards

Administrative policiesNursing proceduresQuality monitoring

survey formsPatient outcome

standards

ThroughputObservation of nurses giving

careComparison of chart records

with pre established carestandards

Analytical survey tours ofpatient service area

Review of morbidity andmortality statistics

Peer review

Analysis of survival rates,complication rates, lengthof stay statistics.

Analysis of patient interviewor questionnaireresponses

OutputInformation for use inRevision of administrativepolicies, Nursing standards,Nursing procedures, Job

descriptionsRemedial instruction ofnursing staff membersPerformance counseling ofnursing staff members\Disciplining of recalcitrantemployees