mineral dan unsurnyaMineralogi dan unsur kimiaMineral yang terdapat dialam ada yangmerupakan unsur bebas, ada pula yangmerupakan gabungan dari beberapa unsur yaituberupa senyawa:Mineral sebagai unsur kimia bebas (nativeelement), misalnya yaitu :Cu = Cuprum = Copper = tembagaAu = Aurum = Gold = emasPt = Platinum = PlatinaS = Sulphur = Sulfur = belerangC = Carbon = Diamont = intanC = Carbon = Graphite = grafitMineral sebagai senyawa dapat digolongkanmenjadi beberapa macam, yaitu1. SulfidaCu2S = Chalcocite = KalkositeFe S2 = Pyrite = PiritCu FeS2 = Chalcophyrite = kalkopiritCu Co2S4 = Carrolite = karolitAg2 S = ArgentitePb S = GalenaZn S = Sphalerite = sfalerite= ZincblendeHg S = Sinabar2. Halida :Na Cl = Halite = HalitKCl = Silvite = SilfitKCl Mg Cl2 6H2O = Carnalite = KarnaliteNa3AlF6 = Kryollite = KriolitAg CL = SerargiritCa F2 = Flourite = Flourit3. OksidaSi O2 = Quartz = KuartsSi O2 = Chalcedony = KalsedonSi O2 ( H2O) x = OpalAl2 O3 = Corundum = korundumAl2 O3 2 H2O = Bauxite = BauksiteSn O2 = Cssiterite = KasiteritFe2 O3 = Hematite = Hematit4. HidroksidaMg ( OH)2 = Bruchite = brukitMnO (OH) = Manganite = manganAlO (OH) = DiasporeFeO ( OH) = Geothite = GeotitFeO (OH) nH2O = Limonite5. KarbonatCaCO3 = Calsite = kalsitCa CO3 = Aragonite = aragonitCa CO3 Mg CO3 = Ca Mg (CO3)2 = dolomite6. NitratNa NO3 = Soda Nitrat = Natrium NitratKNO3 = Kalium Nitrat = Potasium Nitrat7. PospatCa5 (P.Cl.OH) (PO4)3 = Apatite = ApatitCa3 (PO4)3 = Phosphorite = FosforiteFe3 (PO4)3 5 H2O = Vivianite = vivianitLi Al F PO4 = Ambligonite = Ambligonit8. SulfatBa5 SO4 = Barite = BaritCa SO4 = Anhidrite = AnhidritCa5 SO42H2O = Gypsum = GipsumK Al3 (OH)3 (SO4)2 = Alunite = Alunit9. Silikat :Non Ferromagnesian silicatea). Calc.Alkali Feldsfar ( Ca/Na Feldspar) =Plagioclase =plagioklasa. Ca (Al 2 Si 2 O8 = Anorthite = An 10-Ab1An9b. Ca, Na (Al 2 Si 2 O8 ) = Bytownite = Ab 1 An9- Ab3 An7c. Ca, Na (Al 2 Si 2 O8 ) = Labradorite = Ab3An7 - Ab5 An5d. Ca, Na (Al 2 Si 2 O8 ) = Andesin = Ab5 An9 -Ab7 An3e. Ca, Na (Al 2 Si 2 O8 ) = Oligoclase = Ab7 An3- Ab9 An1f. Na Al 2 Si 3 O8 = Albite = Ab10 - Ab3 An1b. Alkali Feldspar ( K. Na Feldspar)a. K Al Si 3 O8 = Orthoclase = Artoklas( K, Na) Al Si 3 O8)b. ( K, Na) Al Si 3 O8 = Sanidine = Sanidinc. K Al Si 3 O8 = Microline = mikrolind. ( Na, K) Al Si 3 O8 = Anorthoclase =Anortoklasc). Mika PutihK Al3 Si 3 O10 ( OHF)2 = Muscovite = MuskovitFerromagnesian silicate(Mg. Fe )2 Si O4 = OlivinCa( Mg.Fe) (Si O3)2 [ ( Al, Fe )2O3 ]x =pyroxene = piroksenCa( Mg.Fe Al)5 ( OH)2 (Si. Al )4 O11I2=HornblendeK2( Mg.Fe)2 ( OH)2 (Al Si 3 O10) = Biotote=Biotit = Mika Hitam