1

SISTEM INFORMASI MANAJEMEN

(MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM)

Raymond McLeod,Jr

M.Achsan Isa Al Anshori, Skom.MMSI

2

SISTEM Sekelompok Elemen yang terintegrasi dengan maksud yang sama untuk mencapai suatu tujuan

INFORMASI Data yang telah diolah / memiliki arti

Manajemen Kumpulan aktivitas (Planning, Organazing, Commanding, Coordinating dan Controlling)->Henry FAyol

3

Mesin (Energi & Fasilitas)

ManajerInformasi/Data

Uang

Manusia

MAterial

TUGAS MANAJER

SD. FISIK SD. KONSEPTUAL

4

Manusia

Mesin (Energi & Fasilitas)

Uang

MAterialInformasi/Data

MANAJEMENSUMBER DAYA

MANAJEMENINFORMASI

MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA

Memperoleh,Menyusun,memaksimalkan,Mengganti

5

FAKTOR M'PENGARUHI PERHATIAN PADA MANAJEMEN

INFORMASI

1. Kompleksitas Kegiatan Bisnis

• Pengaruh ekonomi Internasional

• Persaingan Dunia

• Kompleksitas Teknologi Meningkat

• Batas Waktu Singkat

• Kendala Sosial

2. KEmampuan Komputer

• Ukuran

• Kecepatan

6

PENGGUNA MANAJEMEN INFORMASI

1. Manajer

2. Non Manajer

3. Orang dan organisasi dalam perusahaan

7

MANAGER DAPAT DITEMUKAN PADA SETIAP LEVEL DAN AREa FUNGSIONAL

PERUSAHAAN

FinanceFunction

Human ResourcesFunction

InformationServicesFunction

ManufacturingFunction

MarketingFunction

Strategic planning levelStrategic planning level

Management Control LevelManagement Control Level

Operational Control Operational Control LevelLevel

8

PENGARUH LEVEL MANAJEMEN PADA SUMBER DAN BENTUK INFORMASI

Strategic planning levelStrategic planning level

Management control levelManagement control level

Operational control levelOperational control level InternalInternal

EnvironmentalEnvironmental

Strategic planning levelStrategic planning level

Management control levelManagement control level

Operational control levelOperational control level DetailDetail

SummarySummary

9

FUNGSI MANAJEMENHENRY FAYOL

Strategic Planning Level

Management Control Level

Operational Control Level

Plan

Control

Organize

Direct

Staff

Organize

Staff

Direct

Plan

Control

Direct

Staff

Plan

Control

Organize

10

FUNGSI MANAJEMEN MINTZBERG

Interpersonal roles– Figurehead– Leader – Liaison

• Informational roles– Monitor– Disseminator– Spoke sperson

Decisional rolesDecisional roles– EntrepreneurEntrepreneur– Disturbance handlerDisturbance handler– Resource allocatorResource allocator– NegotiatorNegotiator

11

KEAHLIAN MANAJEMEN

KOMUNIKASI

Komunikasi dgn bawahan,atasan,sesama manager dan orang luar

PEMECAHAN MASALAH

Dengan membuat perubahan pada operasional prsh -> tercapai tujuan

12

BENTUK & SUMBER INFORMASI PEMECAHAN MASALAH

Co

mp

ute

r R

epo

rts

Co

mp

ute

r R

epo

rts

No

nco

mp

ute

r re

po

rts

No

nco

mp

ute

r re

po

rts

Ele

ctro

nic

mai

lE

lect

ron

ic m

ail

Per

iodi

cals

Per

iodi

cals

Tel

eph

on

eT

elep

ho

ne

Problem SolvingProblem Solving

Written MediaWritten Media Oral MediaOral Media

Internal SourcesInternal Sources External SourcesExternal Sources

Sch

edu

led

Mee

tin

gs

Sch

edu

led

Mee

tin

gs

Un

sch

edu

led

Mee

tin

gs

Un

sch

edu

led

Mee

tin

gs

Vo

ice

Mai

lV

oic

e M

ail

To

ur

To

ur

ssB

usi

nes

s M

eals

Bu

sin

ess

Mea

ls

Let

ters

& M

emo

sL

ette

rs &

Mem

os

13

PENGETAHUAN MANAJEMEN

COMPUTER LITERACY

Pengetahuan mengenai komputer (istilah,keunggulan & kelemahan, menggunakan dll)

INFORMATION LITERACY

Pengetahuan mengenai informasi (bagaimana menggunakan, memperoleh, membagi)

14

KOMPONEN SISTEMBagian2 Sistem yg dpt Mengendalikan

Operasinya Sendiri

Objectives

Control Control mechanismmechanism

TransformationTransformationInputInput OutputOutput

15

Open-Loop System

TransformationTransformationInputInput OutputOutput

16

OPEN VS CLOSED SYSTEMS

• Open system – Terhubung dengan lingkungannya melalui arus

sumber (input)Cth : Sistem pemanas mendpt input dari PLN

• Closed system– Tidak terhubung dengan lingkungannya

Cth : sistem di lab. nuklir

17

SISTEM DAPAT BERUPA SUBSISTEM / ELEMEN

Subsystem A-2

Subsystem A-3

Subsystem B-2

Subsystem B-1

System

Subsystem A Subsystem B

Subsystem A-1

Elemental part B1

Elemental part C

18

PHYSICAL and CONCEPTUAL SYSTEMS

• Physical system – The business firm – Composed of physical resources

• Conceptual system– Represents a physical system– Uses conceptual resources

• Information•Data

19

A SYSTEMS VIEW

• Business operations are embedded within a larger environmental setting– Reduces complexity– Requires good objectives– Emphasizes working together – Acknowledges interconnections– Values feedback

20

DATA and INFORMATION

• Information processor– Key element in the conceptual system– Computer– Noncomputer– Combination

• Data is the raw material transformed into information

21

EVOLUTION of THE CBIS

• Data Processing (DP)• Management Information Systems (MIS) 1964

– IBM promoted the concept as a means of selling disk files and terminals

• Decision Support Systems (DSS) 1971– Text book’s distinction:

• MIS: Organizational/group - general• DSS: Individual - specific

• Office Automation (OA) 1964• Artificial Intelligence (AI)/ Expert Systems (ES) 1990s

– Heavy investment by businesses

22

THE CBIS MODEL

Computer-based Information System

(CBIS)

Accounting Information System

ManagementInformation System

Decision SupportSystems

The VirtualOffice

Knowledge-based Systems

DecisionsDecisions

ProblemProblem

InformationInformation

ProblemProblemSolutionSolution

23

INFORMATION SERVICES

Information specialists have full-time responsibility for

developing and maintaining computer-based systems

24

TRADITIONAL COMMUNICATION CHAIN

DatabaseAdministrator

UserUserSystemsAnalyst Programmer Operator ComputerComputer

NetworkSpecialist

25

END-USER COMPUTING (EUC)

• End-user computing – Development of all or part of applications– Information specialists act as consultants

• Stimulants to EUC– Increased computer literacy– IS backlog– Low-cost hardware (the PC)– Prewritten software (electronic spreadsheets)

26

IS and EUCThe End-User Computing

Communication Chain

User Computer

InformationSpecialists

SupportSupport

CommunicationCommunication

27

Justifying the CBIS

• Justify in the same manner as any other large investment

• Economic– Cost reduction– Reduced inventory investment– Increased productivity (CAD/CAM)

• Noneconomic– Perceived value

28

Achieving the CBIS

29

Reengineering the CBIS

• Business Process Reengineering (BPR)– Reworking systems– Good system features retained – Becoming development methodology of

choice

30

Roles Played by the Managerand by the Information Specialist

Implementation

Phase Manager Information Specialist

Control

Control

Control

Control

Planning

Analysis

Design

Use

Define problem Support

System Study

Design system

Implement system

Make available

31

Summary

• Information is one of five main resources• Computer output used by managers and

nonmanagers• A system is an integration of elements working toward

an objective– Physical – Conceptual

• Data vs. Information

32

Summary [cont.]

• CBIS composed of various components– AIS– MIS– DSS– Virtual office– Knowledge-based systems

• End-user computing trends• CBIS development