kuliah skb.pdf

8/10/2019 kuliah skb.pdf

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ANALISIS PROSES DAN

ALIRAN MATERIAL


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Kebutuhan Data dalam Tata Letak

Frekuensi perjalanan atau aliran material dari satudepartemen ke departemen lainnya

Bentuk dan ukuran suatu departemen

Ketersediaan ruangan (luas lantai)

Lokasi khusus untuk suatu departemen

Penyesuaian antar suatu departemen


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Possible Flow Patterns


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Tipe Layout (Tata Letak)

Product layout

Process layout

Fixed-position layout

Group-technology layout


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Types of Departments/LayoutsVolume

High

Medium

Low

Low Medium High Variety

Product

Department

Fixed Materials

Location

Department

Process

Department

Product

Family

Department

Product

Layout

Fixed Location

Layout

Group Technology

Layout

Process

Layout

Source: John S. Usher class notes


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Product Layout


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Product Layouts

L

L

L L

L M

M

M

DD

D

DG

G

G

G A

A

Product C Department

Product A Department

P

P

P

Product B Department

A

Shipping

Department

R

eceiving

Department


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Process layout

TM

TM TM

TM

DM

DM

DM

VMM VMM BM BM


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Process Layout

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

LM

M

M

M

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

G

G

G

G

G

G

A A AReceiving andShipping Assembly

Painting Department

Lathe DepartmentMilling

Department Drilling Department

GrindingDepartment

P

P



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Aliran Material pada Process Layouts

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

LM

M

M

M

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

G

G

G

G

G

G

A A AReceiving andShipping Assembly

Painting Department

Lathe Department MillingDepartment Drilling Department

GrindingDepartment

P

P

Source: Russell & Taylor, 2007


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Group technology layout

TM

TM

TM

TM

DM

DM

DM

VMM

VMM

BMBM


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Product Family (Cellular) Layout

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

LM

M

M

M

D D

DD

D

D

D

G

G

G G

G

G

AA

Receiving andShipping

SpecialDepartment

RotationalPartsCell

P

P

RectangularParts

Cell



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A Manufacturing Cell

Key:

S = Saw

L = Lathe

HM = Horizontal milling machine

VM = Vertical mill ing machineG = Grinder

Paths of three

workers moving

within cell

Material

movement

In Out

Worker 1

Worker 2

Worker 3

Directionofpartmov

ementwithincell

S

L

HM

VM

G

VM

L

Finalinspection

Finishedpart



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Project (Fixed-Position) Layout

L

L

L

L

M

D DD

G

G G

G

A

A

Receiving andShipping

P

Storage

Storage



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Karakteristik Umum

Characteris

tic

Produ

ct

Process Product

Family

Project

Throughput Time Low High Low Medium

Work in process Low High Low MediumSkill Level Choice High Med-High Mixed

Product Flexibility Low High Med-High High

Demand Flexibility Medium High Medium Medium

Mach Utilization High Med-Low Medium-High Medium

Worker Utilization High High High Medium

Reliability Can be

low

High High Medium

Unit production

cost

Low High Low High


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Automated Manufacturing Cell



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Flexible Manufacturing Systems

Pengoperasian mesin dan perubahan tool dilakukan

secara otomatis

Material handling otomaits, dengan kontrol komputer

Ukuran part yang diproses tertentu

Dapat membuat part dengan variasi yang banyak

dalam waktu yang cepat


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Qualitative flow data

Diagram Hubungan/kedekatan A absolutely necessary

E especially important

I important

O ordinary

U unimportant X undesirable

Rating A. E, I, O, U and X (dalam persen) A 2-5%

E 3-10%

I 5-15% O 10-25%

U 25-60%

X depends


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Qualitative flow data

Kode warna

A Merah

E Oranye atau kunig I Hijau

O Biru

U Tidak berwarna X Coklat


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Contoh : Diagram Kedekatan


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Quantitative flow data

From-to frequency of trips matrix (FTC)

From\To 1 2 3 4

1 -- 10 15 202 -- 10 5

3 -- 5

4 --


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Pengukuran Jarak

Euclidean

Squared Euclidean

Rectilinear

Tchebychev

Aisle distance

Adjacency

Shortest Path


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Euclidean, Squared Euclidean, Rectilinear

and Tchebychev

Facility i

Facilityj

(xj,yj)

(xi,yi)

|yi-yj|

|xi-xj|


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Aisle Distance, Adjacency and Shortest

Path

Facility i

Facilityj

d

a

Facilityk

b


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Kriteria Evaluasi Layout

cij cost of moving a unit load of material unit distance

between departments iandj

fij number of loads or trips required between

departments iandj dij distance between departments iandj

ij ij ij

i j

c f d


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Tools for presenting layout design

Drawings

Templates

Three-dimensional physical models

CAD models


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Drawings


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Template


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CAD drawing

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