kuliah diatome
TRANSCRIPT
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Eukaryotic algae Umumnya phytoplankton Unicellular or colonies Sekitar 100,000 species Lingkungan hidup freshwater
and marine environments
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Dinding sel diatommengandung silika yang
disebut dengan frustules,dimana dua lapisan kerasyg terpisah di satukan.
Average size 10-100m
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2. Order Pennales
(pennate diatoms)
- bilaterally symmetric- benthic marine and fresh water
communities
- Contoh, Genus: Pinnularia
TAXONOMY
1. Order Centrales
(centric diatoms)
- Radially symmetric- dominate marine planktonic
communities
- Contoh, Genus: Melosira
Diatoms dibagi kedalam 2 orde utama:
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Diatom Structure and Morphology
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Epitheca: Lebih besar, katup lebih tua dengan elemengir (girdle) (epicingulum)
Hypotheca: Lebih kecil. Katup lebih muda with girdleelements (hypocingulum)
Connective Zone: tersusun dari gir yg salingmenindih (epicingulum and hypocingulum);
penghubung katup, membentuk sekat yg memudahkankatup bergerak menjauh atau mendekat
Septa: bagian yang terbentuk bersama dengan katupini bisa dipakai untuk mengenali diatom.
Raphe: rambut yang memanjang dari sebuah katup;digunakan untuk bergerak; digunakan pula sebagai
pengenal diatom
Diatom Frustule
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DIATOM ORNAMENTATION
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DIATOM ORNAMENTATION
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DIATOM ORNAMENTATION
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DIATOM ORNAMENTATION
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Sejarah Hidup
Vegetative reproductionSatu cell terbagi dan membentuk dua cell baru didalam parent cel, ukuran lebih kecil (dughter cell)--size diminution series
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Diatom Reproduction: Sexual
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In centric, oogamous=motile sperm reaches egg
In pennate, isogamous=gametes indistinguishable, immotileZygote called auxosporeExpands to maximum size, makes frustule
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Diatoms Sebagai Indicator Perkembangan Lingkungan
Diatom species berkembang pada kadar kegaraman
(slinity) dan ph (kadar kimia) tertentu. Karena silica cell walls tidak bisa terurai dalam sedimen
laut (marine sediment) dan sedimen danau (lakesediment) maka dapat digunakan untuk menduga kondisimasa lampau
Paleoecology is a field that utilizes both living andsubfossil diatom valves that are preserved in marine andfreshwater sediments.
Scientists use living cells to understand the environmental
factors that determine the modern presence andabundance. Then, scientists can apply the knowledge ofspecies preferences in modern conditions to interpret thediatom species from the past, and the historical conditions
that those species imply
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HAB Impacts Are Far Reaching
Harmful algal bloom (HAB) adalah kejadian yang
sangat mempengaruhi kehidupan manusia.Dimana ikan yg memakan alga beracun akan ditoxic blooms can become very ill and can even die.konsumsi oleh manusia menyebabkan sakit danbahkan kematian. Blum lagi dampaknya jika daerahpantai adalah tujuan wisata, tempat pemancingan
dan olahraga air.Coastal HAB events have been estimated to resultin economic impacts in the United States of at least$82 million each year. These impacts stress theimportance of understanding HABs and developingtools to mitigate their impacts and ultimately to
control or even prevent them.
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fossilized diatom frustules created huge DE deposits Lompoc, California deposit 1400 feet deep, 12 mi2 Diatomacous (DE) - geological deposit of nearly pure
diatom frustules; mined commercially for a number ofpurposes
filter medium for swimming pools, very fine particlesthat would pass through or clog filter paper, drinking
water, fish tank water, beer, wine,filter syrups and sugar
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