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INFEKSI PARASIT USUS PADA

MANUSIA

Departeman ParasitologyFK USU

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Enterobiasis

Etiology:Enterobius vermicularis(Oxyuris vermicularis/ pin worm/ thread worm/

.

Habitat:

Large intestine (caecum and appendix).Sometimes in ascending colon and ileum.

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Route of infection:

1. Ingestion infectious egg2. Direct transfer/Autoinfection

3. Retroinfection4. Inhalation : contaminated and airbone

transmission

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Life cycle

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Pathofisiology

The adults are mainly located in the caecalregion and female deposits her eggs on theanus and perianal skin usually at night.

The sticky, gelatinous substance in which theova are deposited and the movements of thefemale worm cause perianal pruritus.

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Pathofisiology

Adult worms undergo ectopic migration andmay enter the female genital tract. Inside theuterus or fallopian tube they may becomeencapsulated and produce symptoms of

sa p ng s.

The parasite may also become lodged in thelumen of the appendix leading to appendicitis.

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Diagnosis

1. Anal swab ( N.I.H swab )2. Suspected in children with perianal itching and

scratchin , slee lessness and restlessness..

3. Typical egg shape in feces, nail clipings, bedlinen

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Prevention

Treat all family members. Personal grooming clean and short fingernails.

Personal h iene wash hands before eatin and

after defecation. Frequent washing of bedlines and clothes with soap

and water.

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Taeniasis

Ethiology : T. saginata and T solium

Habitat : small intestine, yeyunum

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Taenia saginata

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Mode of transmision

Ingestion of raw or insufficiently cookedpork harboring cysticercus

.

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Life cycle

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Pathofisiology Tertelan telur : cysticercosis

Tertelan larva : taeniasis

Taeniasis solium : autoinfeksi

Gejala : ringan

Pada manusia : taeniasis solium

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Diagnosis

QDP (Questionaire DemonstartionProglottid)

Motile ro lottid in feces

Anal swab

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Prevention

Personal hygiene Avoid consuming raw or unproperly cooked

Treatment of infected person

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Amoebiasis

Ethiology : E. histolytica- trophozoit : invasive form-cyst : infective form

Habitat : large intestine

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Transmision

Ingestion of the mature quadrinucleate cysts.Trophozoites play no role in transmission.

Direct person to person transmision

Contamination of food

Via flies and cockroaches

Sexual transmision

Animal reservoir

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Pathofisiology

E. histolytica frequently lives as acommensal in the lumen of the largeintestine without causing disease.

ay nva e e co on wa , pro uceulcerations and intestinal symptoms,and migrate via the blood stream tothe liver, where it produces hepatic

abcesses.

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Pathofisiology

Infection by E. histolytica is mostlyasymptomatic.

- n er cer a n c rcu ance nvo v ng e

host and parasite factors, E.

histoytica becomes invasive.

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Diagnosis

Stool : fresh specimen

- Direct examination

- Concentration technique- Culture