d i r e ktori peri n d o prospek industri galangan di

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PROSPECT OF INDONESIAN SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY

PROSPEK INDUSTRI GALANGAN DI INDONESIA

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PROSPEK INDUSTRI GALANGANDI INDONESIA

Dalam satu dekade terakhir, orientasi pembangunan nasional telah mengalami perubahan

dari konsep pembangunan daratan mengarah ke eksplorasi kemaritiman. Selama ini beragam potensi kemaritiman Indonesia yang sangat menjanjikan belum banyak mendapatkan perhatian yang serius dari Pemerintah, sehingga tidak dapat diberdayagunakan secara optimal dalam rangka memakmurkan masyarakat Indonesia.

Padahal ekonomi maritim Indonesia sangat besar. Ekonomi maritim Indonesia tidak hanya bersumber dari kekayaan


THE PROSPECT OF SHIPYARD INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA

In the past decade, the orientation of national development has undergone a change from the concept of land development to maritime exploration. So far, the various promising Indonesian maritime potentials have not received much attention from the Government so that they cannot be optimally utilized in order to prosper the Indonesian people.

In fact, Indonesia’s maritime economy is very large. Indonesia maritime economy is not only developed from natural and

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sumber daya alam hayati dan non-hayati, tetapi juga harus mengembangkan di bidang jasa logistik pelabuhan kapal niaga dan kapal pesiar, wisata bahari, serta galangan kapal modern dan tradisional yang mencerminkan tradisi bahari, ahli navigasi, pelaut, dan awak kapal.

Intensifikasi pembangunan ekonomi kemaritiman Indonesia mulai dirasakan sejak Pemerintah menerbitkan Instruksi Presiden (Inpres) No.5 tahun 2005 tentang Pemberdayaan Industri Pelayar-an Niaga Nasional yang menandai bahwa Indonesia menganut prinsip azas cabotage yakni kebijakan nasional angkutan laut dalam negeri wajib meng-gunakan kapal berbendera Indonesia dan diawaki oleh awak berkebangsaan Indonesia.

Meskipun dampak azas cabotage kurang dirasakan oleh industri kapal bangunan


non-biological natural resources, but also in other the fields. They are logistics services for commercial and cruise ships, marine tourism as well as modern and traditional shipyards that reflect the maritime tradition, navigation experts, sailors and crew.

The intensification of Indonesia’s maritime economic development began to be felt since the Government issued Presidential Instruction (Inpres) No.5 of 2005 concerning the Empowerment of the National Commercial Shipping Industry which indicated that Indonesia adhered to the principle of the cabotage principle. Through the principle, domestic sea transportation has to use Indonesian-flagged ships and manned by Indonesian crew. Although the impact of the cabotage principle is less felt by the new ship

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baru (new ship building) di dalam negeri, akan tetapi melalui kebijakan tersebut, jalan baru menuju industri kemaritiman yang mandiri dan berdaya saing tinggi mulai terbuka. Terbukti, setelah gaung azas cabotage berjalan selama satu dekade, lahirnya konsep Poros Maritim dengan program andalannya adalah Tol Laut.

Visi Poros Maritim Dunia yag telah dirumuskan oleh Pemerintahan saat ini adalah visi Indonesia itu sendiri yakni untuk menjadi negara maritim yang maju, mandiri, kuat serta mampu memberikan konstribusi positif bagi keamanan dan perdamaian kawasan dan dunia sesuai dengan kepentingan nasional.

Potensi Indonesia

Sebagai negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia, dan berada di daerah equator, antara dua benua Asia dan Australia, antara dua samudera Pasifik dan Hindia, serta negara-negara Asia Tenggara, Indonesia memiliki potensi besar untuk menjadi Poros Maritim Dunia. Poros maritim adalah sebuah gagasan strategis yang diwujudkan untuk menjamin konektivitas antarpulau dalam negeri yang terhubung, pengembangan industri perkapalan yang mumpuni, industri perikanan, transportasi laut serta fokus pada peningkatan keamanan maritim dalam rangka menjaga kedaulatan negara.

Untuk dapat menjadi Poros Maritim Dunia maka sistem transportasi laut, baik kapal dan pelabuhannya harus dimodernisasi sesuai dengan standar


building industry in the country, through this policy new roads towards an independent and highly competitive maritime industry are starting to open up. Evidently, after the cabotage principle has been running for a decade, the Maritime Axis concept comes up with its flagship program namely Sea Toll.

The vision of the World Maritime Axis which has been formulated by the current Government is the vision of Indonesia itself, namely to become an advanced, independent, strong maritime country and able to provide positive contributions to regional and world security and peace in accordance with national interests.

Indonesia’s Potential

As the largest archipelagic country in the world, and located in the equator, between two continents of Asia and Australia, between two Pacific and Indian Oceans as well as Southeast Asian countries, Indonesia has great potential to become a World Maritime Axis. Maritime axis is a strategic idea that is realized to ensure integrated inter-island connectivity in the country, the development of a capable shipping industry, the fishing industry, sea transportation and a focus on improving maritime security in order to safeguard sovereignty of Indonesia.

In order to become the World Maritime Axis, the sea transportation system, both ships and ports must be modernized in according with international standards so

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internasional sehingga pelayanan dan akses ke seluruh Indonesia akan mengikuti standar internasional. Dalam Buku Putih, Kebijakan Kelautan Indonesia menuju Poros Maritim Dunia, pemerintah telah menetapkan Peta Jalan (Road Map) bagi Indonesia dalam rangka menuju Poros Maritim Dunia. Terdapat tujuh pilar kebijakan yang dibutuhkan, tujuh prinsip dasar Poros Maritim dan didukung oleh 77 program strategis.

Salah satu strategi untuk mewujudkan Indonesia menjadi Poros Maritim Dunia adalah dengan menguatkan infrastruktur kemaritiman seperti pelabuhan, transportasi laut dan galangan kapal melalui program tol laut. Implementasi tol laut itu sendiri diyakini telah memberikan hasil yang baik bagi perekonomian seperti tersedianya pengangkutan logistik ke timur Indonesia sehingga membuat roda ekonomi menjadi membaik dan harga komoditas yang tadinya mahal bisa turun.

Oleh karena itu, Pemerintah kemudian memberikan perhatian terhadap industri galangan kapal. Hal ini karena Pemerintah menganggap bahwa galangan kapal merupakan industri strategis. Ada beberapa faktor yang menjadikan industri galangan termasuk ke dalam industri strategis. Pertama, kemajuan sektor ini memiliki dampak luas terhadap proses industrialisasi sebuah bangsa. Kedua, industri galangan merupakan sektor usaha yang padat karya sehingga mampu menyerap tenaga kerja secara massif.


that services and access to all of Indonesia will follow international standards. In the White Paper of ndonesian Maritime Policy towards the World Maritime Axis, the Government has set a roadmap for Indonesia in the framework of the World Maritime Axis. There are seven policy pillars needed, seven basic principles of Axis Maritime and supported by 77 strategic programs.

One of the strategies to realize Indonesia as a World Maritime Axle is to strengthen the maritime infrastructure such as ports, sea transportation and shipyards through the sea toll program. The implementation of the sea highway itself is believed to have provided good results for the economy, such as the availability of logistics transportation to the east of Indonesia which has made the economy become better as commodity prices go down. Therefore, the Government then gave attention to the shipyard industry. This is because the Government considers that shipyards are a strategic industry. There are several factors that make the shipyard industry is called a strategic industry. First, the progress of this sector has a broad impact on the process of industrialization of a nation. Second, the shipyard industry is a labor-intensive business sector that is able to absorb labor massively.

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TYPE OF VESSEL 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 TOTAL

Ferry Ro-Ro Passenger 13 14 12 12 11 62

Working Vessel 3 5 8 9 10 35

Pioneer Vessel 10 10 10 10 10 50

Patrol Vessel 4 4 4 4 4 20

Total 30 33 34 34 35 167

Table IShip Procurement Plan at the Ministry of Transportation

until 2019

Source: RPJM 2015—2019

Pada Kabinet Kerja dibawah kepemim-pin an Presiden Joko Widodo dan Wakil Presiden Jusuf Kalla, kinerja industri galangan kapal untuk pembangunan kapal baru cukup baik. Hal ini sejalan dengan meningkatnya anggaran negara untuk kegiatan pengadaan kapal-kapal yang dioperasikan pada kegiatan angkutan keperintisan, kapal patroli, kapal navigasi hingga kapal penunjang logistik perang.

Di dalam Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah (RPJM) tahun 2015—2019, diantara rencana pembangunan di bidang kemaritiman adalah pengelolaan di bidang angkutan laut. Di dalam dokumen RPJM terungkap kebutuhan kapal selama lima tahun terakhir (2015-2019) di lingkungan Kementerian Perhubungan. Total kapal yang dibangun mencapai 167 unit yang terdiri dari kapal untuk kegiatan Angkutan Sungai Danau dan Penyeberangan (ASDP) sebanyak 62 unit, kapal kerja (speed boat) sebanyak 35 unit, kapal angkutan barang dan penumpang untuk kegiatan keperintisan sebanyak 50 unit dan kapal patroli sebanyak 20 unit.


In the Kabinet Kerja under the leadership of President Joko Widodo and Vice President Jusuf Kalla, the performance of the shipyard industry for new development is quite good. This is in line with the increase in the state budget for the procurement of ships operated in the activities of pioneer transportation, patrol boats, navigation vessels to war logistics support vessels.

In the Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJM) for 2015-2019, among the development plans in the maritime sector management is the field of sea transportation. The RPJM document reveals the needs of ships in the last five years (2015-2019) within the Ministry of Transportation. The total number of vessels built reached 167 units consisting of 62 units for the Lake River and Crossing (ASDP) Transport activities, 35 units of speed boats, freight and passenger transport vessels for 50 units of pioneering activities and as many as 20 unit of patrol boats.

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Akan tetapi, dalam realisasinya, lebih dari 200 unit kapal yang dibangun oleh Kementerian Perhubungan, baik melalui Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Laut maupun darat dengan anggaran lebih dari Rp7 triliun. Dari data IPERINDO menunjukkan bahwa selama 2015-2017, Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Laut Kementerian Perhubungan telah memesan 212 unit kapal yang terdiri dari kapal coaster dan angkutan barang dan penumpang, kapal kenavigasian, kapal latih dan kapal-kapal patroli.

However, in its realization, more than 200 units of ships were built by the Ministry of Transportation, both through the Directorate General of Sea and Land Transportation with a budget of more than Rp7 trillion. IPERINDO data shows that during 2015-2017, the Directorate of General of Sea Transportation of the Ministry of Transportation has ordered 212 ships consisting of coasters, goods and passenger transportation, navigation vessels, training vessels and patrol vessels.

No. TYPE OF VESSEL TOTAL

1 Coaster Vessel 85

2 Container 100 TEUs 15

3 Rede Vessel 20

4 Cattle Ship 5

5 Navigation Vessel 10

6 Patrol Vessel 77

Total 212

Table IIRealization of New Shipbuilding of the General Directorate

of Sea Transportation in 2015-2017

Sementara itu, Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Darat Kementerian Perhubungan juga memesan kapal baru untuk kegiatan angkutan penyeberangan keperintisan. Selama 2012—2014, jumlah kapal penyeberangan perintis yang dibangun di galangan kapal nasional mencapai 34 unit, sedangkan selama 2015-2018, total kapal yang dibangun adalah sebanyak 16 buah sehingga total mencapai 50 buah kapal dengan berbagai ukuran.

Meanwhile, the Directorate General of Land Transportation of the Ministry of Transportation has also ordered new vessels for pioneer ferry transport activities. During 2012-2014, the number of pioneer ferry vessels built at the national shipyard reached 34 units, while in 2015-2018, the total number of ships built only 16 units, bringing a total of 50 ships of various sizes.


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Table IIIRealization of the New Shipbuilding of Ferry

Ro-Ro Passenger Vessel at the Ministry of Transportation

YEAR TOTAL

2012-2014 34

2015-2018 16

Total 50

Source: The Ministry of Transportation

Sejauh ini, Kementerian Perhubungan masih menjadi kementerian utama yang paling banyak memesan kapal-kapal baru pada industri galangan kapal negeri. Ke depan, pemesanan kapal dari Kementerian Perhubungan diperkirakan masih akan meningkat mengingat kebutuhan dalam rangka konektivitas dalam negeri masih cukup tinggi, terutama dalam kerangka pengembangan tol laut dan Poros Maritim Dunia.

Meskipun demikian, kementerian/badan lain yang juga turut memesan kapal di galangan dalam negeri adalah Kementerian Pertahanan, Kementerian Keuangan c.q Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai, Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan, Markas Bekas Kepolisian Republik Indonesia, TNI Angkatan Laut, Basarnas (Badan Sar Nasional) dan BNPB (Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana), Kamla (Keamanan Laut).

Order BUMN

Selain order dari Pemerintah, order kapal baru dari Badan Usaha Milik Negara (BUMN) juga masih terjadi. PT

So far, the Ministry of Transportation is still the main ministry that has the most orders for new vessels in the domestic shipyard industry. In the future, ship orders from the Ministry of Transportation are expected to continue to increase considering the need for domestic connectivity is still quite high, especially in the framework of developing sea highway and World Maritime Axis.

Nevertheless, other ministries/agencies that also participated in ordering vessels in domestic shipyards were the Ministry of Defense, Ministry of Finance c.q the Directorate General of Customs and Excise, Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Indonesian Police Headquarters, Navy, Basarnas (National Sar Agency) and BNPB (National Disaster Management Agency), Kamla (Sea Security).

BUMN Order

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Pertamina (Persero) hingga saat ini masih menjadi salah satu BUMN yang paling konsisten dalam membangun kapal pada galangan kapal negeri dengan memberikan kesempatan kepada swasta maupun BUMN secara bersama-sama membangun kapal-kapal yang dibutuhkan. BUMN lainnya adalah PT Pelindo I, II, III dan

IV (Persero), PT Pupuk Indonesia (Persero).

Komitmen PT Pertamina (Persero) untuk membangun armada kapal di galangan dalam negeri dilatarbelakangi oleh peran perusahaan BUMN tersebut sebagai driver (penggerak) pembangunan, khususnya bagi industri galangan kapal di dalam negeri. Hal ini menjadi tantangan bagi galangan kapal dalam negeri untuk ikut berperan dalam menyediakan kapal-kapal PT Pertamina (Persero).

Sejak tahun 2010, PT Pertamina (Persero) telah mengumumkan bahwa perseroan memiliki roadmap atau peta jalan bagi pengadaan kapal milik perseroan. Bahkan PT Pertamina (Persero) mengumumkan rencananya untuk meningkatkan komposisi kapal milik dengan kapal yang disewa dari pihak ketiga hingga mencapai 50%. Hingga tahun 2016, dari total 273 armada kapal yang dioperasikan PT Pertamina (Persero), sebanyak 207 di antaranya berstatus sewa, sementara kapal milik sendiri hanya 66 buah. Dengan demikian, PT Pertamina (Persero) masih membutuhkan kapal-kapal baru milik sendiri yang sebagian akan dibangun di galangan dalam negeri.

occur. Pertamina’s PT (Persero) is still one of the most consistent BUMNs in building ships in domestic shipyards by providing opportunities to the private sector and SOE to jointly build the ships needed. Other BUMNs are PT Pelindo I, II, III and IV (Persero), PT Pupuk Indonesia (Persero).

PT Pertamina (Persero) ‘s commitment to build a fleet of ships in domestic shipyards is motivated by the role of these state-owned companies as driver of development, especially for the shipyard industry in the country. This is a hallenge for domestic shipyards to play a role in providing PT Pertamina (Persero) vessels.

Since 2010, PT Pertamina (Persero) has announced that the company has a roadmap for the procurement of vessels owned by the company. PT Pertamina (Persero) event announced its plan to increase the composition of owned vessels by vessels leased from third parties to reach 50%. Until 2016, of the total 273 vessels operated by PT Pertamina (Persero), 207 of them were leased. The company only own 66 vessels. Thus, PT Pertamina (Persero) still needs new self-owned vessels, some of which will be built domestic shipyards.

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At the end of 2017, PT Pertamina (Persero) released it was budgeting capital expenditure (Capex) for the procurement and repair of vessels of US$ 200 million. PT Pertamina (Persero) does not disclose the number of vessels orders that it wants to realize. However, the need of Pertamina’s tankers varies considerably from the size of 6,500 DWT to 80,000 DWT. In this case, the readiness of national shipyards is indeed a challenge that must be addressed in the future. The procurement of these vessels must have been surely through a very tight bidding process. If domestic shipyards are competed with large overseas shipyards, in terms of cost and efficiency, they will certainly lose. Thus, government policy is needed so that domestic shipyards can compete with the foreign ship industry.

Defense Industry

In this decade, the increase in Indonesian defense equipment (main weaponry system) was very rapid. Indonesia has been targeted to be able to produce its

Table IVThe number of vessels owned by Pertamina in 2016

DESCRIPTION UNIT

Number of Ship 273

Ownership 66

Non-Ownership 207

Source: Pertamina

Pada akhir 2017, PT Pertamina (Persero) merilis tengah menganggarkan belanja modal alias Capital Expenditure (Capex) untuk pengadaan dan perbaikan kapal sebesar US$ 200 juta. PT Pertamina (Persero) memang tidak mengungkapkan jumlah pesanan kapal yang ingin diwujudkan. Akan tetapi, keperluan kapal tanker Pertamina cukup beragam mulai ukuran 6.500 DWT sampai 80.000 DWT.

Dalam hal ini, kesiapan galangan kapal nasional memang menjadi tantangan yang harus diatasi ke depan. Pengadaan kapal tersebut pastilah melalui proses tender yang sangat ketat. Apabila galangan kapal di dalam negeri diadu dengan galangan kapal di luar negeri yang besar, dari sisi biaya dan efisiensi tentu akan kalah sehingga dibutuhkan kebijakan Pemerintah agar galangan dalam negeri dapat bersaing industri kapal luar negeri.

Industri Pertahanan

Dalam satu dekade ini, peningkatan peralatan alutsista (Alat Utama Sistem Persenjataan) Indonesia sangat pesat. Indonesia sudah menargetkan bisa

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memproduksi peralatan militernya sendiri dan tidak bergantung pada negara lain pada 2029, termasuk peralatan alutsista di laut seperti kapal perang dan kapal penunjang logistik perang.

Pada 2010 negara dengan ekonomi terbesar di Asia Tenggara ini telah membentuk Komite Kebijakan Industri Pertahanan KKIP yang bertugas mewujudkan kemandirian industri pertahanan. Komite telah merumuskan Rencana Induk pembangunan industri pertahanan sampai 2029 Pada 2012, pemerintah menerbitkan Undang-Undang No. 16 Tahun 2012 tentang Industri Pertahanan guna mendukung rencana induk yang telah ditetapkan.

Komite Kebijakan Industri Pertahanan (KKIP) juga telah menyusun tiga peta jalan (roadmap) pembinaan produk Alat Peralatan Pertahanan dan Keamanan (Alpahankam). Tahap pertama berupa

own military equipment and not depend on other countries in 2029, including marine defense equipment such as warships and war logistics support vessels. In 2010 the country with the largest economy in Southeast Asia has formed the Defense Industry Policy Committee (KKIP) which is tasked with realizing the independence of the defense industry. The committee has formulated the Master Plan for the development of the defense industry until 2029 In 2012. The Government issued Law No. 16 of 2012 concerning the Defense Industry to support the predetermined master plan. The Defense Industry Policy Committee (KKIP) has also been developed three roadmap for product development for defense and security equipment (Alpahankam). The first stage was in the form of mastery of the design that lasted

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DEFENSE INDUSTRY MASTERPLAN2010-2019

IDEAL POSTURE TRANSITION

ALUTSISTA MEF POSTURE

• Penetapan Pogram/ Program Establishment• Stabilisasi dan Optimalisasi Industri Pertahanan/

Defense Industry Stabilization and Optimization• Penyiapan Regulasi Industri Pertahanan/

Preparation of Defense Industry Regulations• Penyiapan New Future Product

• Mendukung MEF/MEF Support• Peningkatan Kemampuan Kerjasama Produksi/

Increased Production Cooperation Capability• New Product Development

• Mendukung Postur Ideal (Ideal posture support)• Industry Growth: Produk Jangka Menengah (Medium-

term Products)• Peningkatan kerjasama Internasional /Increased

international cooperation (New Product Development -advanced tech)

• Kemampuan Industri Pertahanan yang signifikan (To be quantified)

• Kemampuan berkolaborasi secara Internasional (International sales)

• Pengembangan yang berkelanjutan (Suistainable growth)

• Memenuhi pasar dalam negeri (jangka pendek)

Meet the domestic market (short term)

• Bersaing secara internasional (jangka panjang)

Compete internationally

(short term)

• Economic Growth

2010-2014

2015-2019

2020-2024

ACHIEVEMENTOF THE MEF POSTURE

penguasaan desain yang berlangsung tahun 2010 hingga 2014 lalu. Tahap kedua yakni penguasaan teknologi dimulai tahun 2015 hingga 2019. Tahap ketiga berupa pengembangan baru yang dimulai tahun 2020 hingga 2024. Road Map tersebut memuat tujuh program prioritas industri pertahanan nasional yaitu Propelan, Roket, Rudal, Medium Tank, Radar, Kapal Selam dan Pesawat Tempur.

Kebangkitan industri pertahanan mem-berikan angin segar bagi industri galangan kapal dalam negeri, terlebih Indonesia

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from 2010 to 2014. The second stage is mastering technology starting in 2015 until 2019. The third stage is in the form of new developments starting in 2020 until 2024. The roadmap contains seven priority programs of the national defense industry, namely Propellant, Rocket, Missile, Medium Tanks, Radar,Submarine and Combat Aircraft.

The rise of the defense industry provides a breath of fresh air for the domestic shipyard industry since

2025-2029

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masih membutuhkan kapal-kapal Alutsista yang tidak sedikit. Berbagai jenis kapal alutsista masih dibutuhkan di Indonesia.

Pada 2018, Kepala Staf Angkatan Laut (KSAL) Laksamana TNI Ade Supandi saat itu mengajukan permintaan penambahan 35 kapal perang Indonesia untuk memenuhi jumlah standar alutsista TNI yakni sekitar 186 kapal. Sedangkan jumlah kapal kapal Indonesia saat itu tercatat sebanyak 151 unit, padahal pada tahun 1960-an, jumlah kapal perang Indonesia mencapai 162 kapal.

Pada awal 2019 ini, Kepala Staf TNI Angkatan Laut Laksamana Siwi Sukma Adji mengatakan TNI AL membutuhan Kapal Angkut Tank (AT-4) sebanyak 24 unit. Dari total kebutuhan tersebut, yang sudah terpenuhi sebanyak 18 kapal jenis itu sehingga masih terjadi kekurangan sebanyak 6 unit kapal.

Pemerintah sendiri melalui UU No.16 tahun 2012 memberikan payung hukum kepada perusahaan swasta (Badan Usaha Milik Swasta/BUMS) untuk memberdayakan galangan kapal swasta dalam rangka mendukung kebutuhan alutsista TNI AL. Rencana strategis minimum essential force ketiga yang berakhir pada tahun 2024 nanti telah diprogramkan tercapai target 24 kapal cepat rudal (KCR) dan 44 patrol combat (PC). Semua kebutuhan tersebut diharaplan dapat diserap oleh industri galangan kapal dalam negeri.

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Indonesia still needs a large number of defense equipment ships. Various types of defense equipment are still needed in Indonesia. In 2018, Navy Chief of Staff (KSAL) Admiral TNI Ade Supandi at that time made a request for the addition of 35 Indonesian warships to meet the TNI standard armaments system around 186 ships. The number of Indonesian ships at that time was 151 units, even though in the 1960s, the number of Indonesian warships reached 162 ships.

At the beginning of 2019, Navy Chief of Staff of Admiral Siwi Sukma Adji said the Indonesian Navy needed 24 units of Transport Tank (AT-4). Of the total needs, 18 vessels of this type have been fulfilled so that there are still shortages of 6 ships.

The government itself through Law No. 16 of 2012 provides a legal umbrella for private companies (Private Owned Enterprises/BUMS) to empower private shipyards in order to support Indonesian Navy defense equipment. The third minimum essential force strategic plan that ends in 2024 will be programmed to achieve the target of 24 fast missile ships (KCR) and 44 combat (PC) patrols. All these needs are expected to be absorbed by the domestic shipyard industry.

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Pasar Swasta

Pengadaan kapal baru dari kalangan pelaku usaha swasta nasional diprediksi masih dapat ditingkatkan. Pengadaan tersebut baik dalam rangka menambah kapasitas baru guna mengantisipasi per-tumbuhan perdagangan dalam negeri dan ekspor-impor, maupun untuk me-laku kan peremajaan armada.

Peremajaan armada niaga nasional di Indonesia perlu dilakukan mengingat sebagian kapal yang beroperasi di perairan nasional sudah berusia di atas 25 tahun. Dari data Kementerian Perhubungan pada tahun 2017, jumlah kapal niaga nasional mencapai 27.400 unit. Berdasarkan kajian Kementerian Perindustrian menunjukkan bahwa sekitar 21% kapal-kapal tersebut berusia di atas 25 tahun sehingga sudah waktu-nya untuk diremajakan.

Table VAverage Age of National Commercial Ships in Indonesia

AGE OF THE SHIP PERCENTAGE

Age 0-5 year 25

Age 6-10 year 15

Age 11-15 year 15

Age 16-20 year 13

Age 21-25 year 9

Age 25 More year 21

Source: The Ministry of Industry

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Private Market

The procurement of new vessels from national private business actors is predicted to be improved. The procurement is needed in order to add new capacity to anticipate the growth of domestic trade and import-export as well as to carry out fleet rejuvenation.

Rejuvenation of the national commercial fleet in Indonesia needs to be done by considering that some vessels operating in national waters are over 25 years old. From the data of the Ministry of Transportation in 2017, the number of national commercial vessels reached 27,400 units. Based on a study from the Ministry of Industry, it shows that around 21% of these vessels are over 25 years old so it is time to be rejuvenated.

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Dengan demikian, potensi pasar dalam negeri dari kapal-kapal swasta yang perlu diremajakan cukup besar. Hal ini bisa direalisasikan jika daya beli perusahaan swasta meningkat. Untuk meningkatkan daya beli, pemerintah perlu mendorong pembiayaan dengan suku bunga yang rendah, jangka panjang pembiayaan mencapai 15-20 tahun dan kapal yang sedang dibangun dapat dijadikan jaminan (Baca Artikel Urgensi

Pembiayaan Perkapalan di Indonesia).

Besarnya potensi pasar pembangunan kapal baru dapat menjadi angin segar dari industri komponen kapal guna meningkatkan kandungan komponen lokal pada kapal yang dibangun di galangan dalam negeri yang sekarang rata-rata baru 35%. Industri komponen di Indonesia masih harus ditingkatkan. Kendalanya adalah skala

Thus, the potential of the domestic market from private vessels that need to be rejuvenated is quite large. This can be realized if the purchasing power of private companies increases. To increase purchasing power, the government needs to encourage financing with low interest rates, long-term financing eaches 15-20 years and ships being built can be used as collateral (Read Article Urgency

on Shipping Financing in Indonesia).

The large market potential for the construction of new vessels can be a breath of fresh air from the ship component industry to increase the local component content of ships built in domestic shipyards which are now only 35% on average. The component industry in Indonesia still needs to be improved.

COMPONENT STRUCTURE IN THE SHIP

DESIGN & ENGINEERING :

100% (DOMESTIC)

PRODUCTION/CONSTRUCTION : 100% (DOMESTIC)

MATERIAL

• Main Engine & Gear Box• Shaft & Propeller• Main Generator• Boiler• Pump• Purifier• Oil Water Separator• Sea Water Treatment• Fresh Water Generator

1. Steel Plate2. Electrode3. Gas4. Insulation5. Main Switch Board6. Air Conditioning7. Paint8. Deck Machineries9. Out Fitting, etc• Navigator & Radio Equipment (radar auto pilot, gyro)

• & Magnetic compass, echo sounder, speed log, roi• GPS, radio comm gmdss, UHF, VHF, immarsat-c, ngytex)• Communication System (public adresor sound power• Tlp, Fire Alarm, Wistke Horn, Electric Clock)• Transformer, Battery Charge• Electric Cable• Lighting

Machinery:

Electric & Electronic:

65% IMPORT

35% LOCAL

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The problem is the economic scale that is not yet in line with investment needs because domestic ship orders have not been sustainable.

Besides the new ship building industry, the private market can also increase the domestic ship repair industry. The ship repair industry promises make promising returns for shipyard business actors. Another ship industry is the scrapping industry. In line with the development the target where the government agenda will reduce old ships in Indonesia, the ship cutting industry has promising prospects. This industry has not been heard in Indonesia, but usually spreads in various regions such as Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, and Sulawesi. The role of the ship industry, both new buildings and repairs is very strategic considering that around 65%-70% of the costs incurred to build a ship are absorbed to buy raw materials and equipment. Therefore, if these two activities, both new building and repair shipbuilding industries have developed, the raw material, machinery and ship component industries as well as shipyard supporting industries will also develop.

Policy Support

To empower the domestic shipyard industry, in 2015 the Government announced four economic policy packages. One of the four policy packages is that fiscal incentives in the form of Value Added Tax (VAT) are not collected. The policy are intended to encourage the growth of the logistics

ekonomi yang belum sesuai dengan kebutuhan investasi karena order kapal dalam negeri belum berkesinambungan.

Selain industri bangunan baru, pasar swasta juga dapat meningkatkan industri perbaikan kapal dalam negeri. Industri perbaikan kapal menjanjikan imbal hasil yang menjanjikan bagi pelaku usaha galangan kapal.

Industri kapal lainnya adalah industri pemotongan kapal (scrapping). Sejalan dengan sasaran agenda pembangunan dimana pemerintah akan mengurangi kapal-kapal berusia tua di Indonesia, maka industri pemotongan kapal memiliki prospek yang menjanjikan. Industri ini belum begitu terdengar di Indonesia, tetapi biasanya menyebar di berbagai daerah seperti Sumatra, Jawa, Kalimantan dan Sulawesi.

Peranan industri kapal, baik bangunan baru maupun reparasi sangat strategis mengingat sekitar 65%-70% biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk membangun sebuah kapal terserap guna membeli bahan baku dan peralatan. Oleh karena itu, jika dua kegiatan ini, baik industri kapal bangunan baru maupun reparasi telah berkembang, maka industri bahan baku, mesin dan komponen kapal sebagai industri penunjang galangan akan turut berkembang.

Dukungan Kebijakan

Untuk memberdayakan industri galang an kapal dalam negeri, pada 2015, Pemerintah mengumumkan empat paket kebijakan ekonomi. Satu dari empat paket kebijakan tersebut adalah insentif fiskal berupa Pajak Pertambahan Nilai (PPN) tidak dipungut yang dimaksudkan untuk mendorong

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Table VIFiscal Incentives for the Shipyard Industry

Removing value added tax on the sale of ships producing national shipyards

VAT of ship sales to shipping companies in Indonesia by 10% can be refunded by national shipyards.

Removing import duties on ship components through the mechanism of import duties borne by the government

Government-borne import duties (BMDTP) will be applied to ship components that have not been produced in Indonesia.

Tax Allowance The tax allowance facility is given for shipyard investment of at least Rp50 billion and absorbs 300 workers.

Reducing land rental rates in Indonesian ports for national shipyards

Non-fiscal incentives, namely land for shipyards in the port area which is currently economically and businessly funded.

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pertumbuhan sektor logistik dimana galangan kapal dimasukkan ke dalam salah satu sektor penunjangnya.

Pada saat itu, pelaksanaan paket kebijakan di bidang industri galangan kapal diyakini akan menguatkan keyakin an investor untuk berinvestasi di sektor tersebut. Sebab, ketika itu, terdapat dana investasi sekitar Rp2 triliun yang masih ditahan oleh pemiliknya karena menunggu kepastian kapan rencana pemerintah memberikan insentif bagi industri galangan kapal nasional.

Selain insentif PPN, melalui Paket Kebijakan Ekonomi XV 2018, pemerintah merancang akan menerbitkan Peraturan Menteri Keuangan (Permenkeu) tentang Pembebasan Bea Masuk terhadap 115 jenis Suku Cadang dan Komponen Kapal Laut. Meskipun peraturan dimaksud belum diterbitkan hingga sekarang, tetapi aturan itu bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi produksi kapal nasional dan jasa perawatan galangan kapal.

Paket Kebijakan Ekonomi XV ini ber-tujuan untuk memberian kesempatan meningkatkan peran dan skala usaha, dengan kebijakan yang memberikan peluang bisnis untuk angkutan dan asuransi nasional dalam mengangkut barang ekspor impor Indonesia serta meningkatkan usaha galangan kapal/pemeliharaan kapal di dalam negeri. Selain itu, adanya kemudahan berusaha dan pengurangan beban biaya bagi usaha penyedia jasa logistik nasional, dengan kebijakan antara lain mengurangi biaya operasional jasa transportasi dan kemudahan pengadaan kapal tertentu.

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sector where shipyards are included in one of the supporting sector.

At that time, the implementation of a policy package in the shipyard industry was believed to strengthen investors’ confidence to invest in the sector. The reason is that at that time there was an investment fund of around Rp2 trillion which was still being held by the owner because it was waiting for certainty when the government plan to provide incentives for the national shipyard industry. In addition to the VAT incentive, through the 2018 Economic Policy Package XV, the government plans to issue a Regulation of the Minister of Finance (Minister of Finance) concerning Exemption of Import Duty on 115 types of Marine Parts and Components. Although the regulation in question has not been issued until now, the regulation aims to improve the efficiency of national ship production and shipyard maintenance services. The XV Economic Policy package aims at providing opportunities to increase the role and scale of business, with policies that provide business opportunities for transportation and national insurance in transporting Indonesian export-import goods and improving shipyard/ship maintenance businesses. In addition, there is an ease of business and reduction in the cost of expenses for businesses providing national logistics services, with policies including reducing the operational costs of transportation services and ease of procurement of certain ships (*)

Quality Shipyard

STEADFAST MARINE Tbk. produces high quality vesselsto fit market needs.

Bonded Zone

STEADFAST MARINE Tbk.is a custom bonded zone to facilitate the delivery of materials and equipments from the supplier.

Solid Teamwork

STEADFAST MARINE Tbk. has a solid teamwork among Divisions and Departments in designing and building the vessels.

Advanced Software

STEADFAST MARINE Tbk.use sophisticated software NUPAS CADMATIC to designand to produce high quality vessels.

Vessels have been built90+

Meter square of shipyard

56.000+

3500+Meter square of indoor building facility

“Established in 2005, until today more than 90 high quality offshore vessels have been delivered. We are an ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2015 and OHSAS 18001:2007 certified company that are working with both local and international classification society such as BKI, BV, ABS, Lloyd to produce modern and advance steel and aluminium vessels.”

+

+ +

+

WE PLAN. WE WORK. WE DELIVER.

International OHSAS & ISO Certifications

MARKETING OFFICEGRAHA CORNER STONEJL. Rajawali Selatan II No.1Kemayoran - Jakarta PusatIndonesia 10720Phone : (+6221) 6471 3088Fax : (+6221) 6471 3220

SHIPYARDJL. Khatulistiwa Km 6.6Batulayang - Pontianak UtaraKalimantan BaratIndonesiaPhone : (+62561) 881725Fax : (+62561) 885206

OUR MARKETS

OUR CLIENTS

HARBOUR & TERMINAL

STEADFAST MARINE Tbk. produces vessels which can be operated safely and effectively in all harbour and terminal areas.

OFFSHORE OIL & GAS

STEADFAST MARINE Tbk. offshore vessels special design meets the customer needs of the offshore industry.

PUBLIC TRANSPORT

In building transportation purpose vessels, STEADFAST MARINE Tbk. combines a balance between speed, efficient, and comfort.

DEFENCE & SECURITY

STEADFAST MARINE Tbk. security and patrol vessels offers unmatched water defence, speed and reliability.

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As well as building at our own yards all over the world, Damen is also experienced in supporting Indonesian yards in the construction of our proven designs, providing materials packages and transfer of technology. To answer the global need for energy, Damen LNG tankers with a capacity range from 500 m3 – 18,000 m3, are available all over the world.

DAMEN.COM

The vital link in your energy supply chain.

LIQUEFIED GAS CARRIER 6000 LNG

Our IMO type-approved ballast water treatment unit, InvaSave 300, provides port operators, waste-disposal companies and ship owners with a new value-adding service. The InvaSave can be used to treat ballast water for: contingency measures, unmanned barges, shipyards, FPSOs, older vessels, intermediate solutions. With InvaSave technology, ballast water only needs treating at the point of discharge, in contrast to on-board installations.

DAMEN INVASAVE 300

DAMENGREEN.COM

Sometimes innovation is about thinking inside the box.

InvaSave, Damen's unique, mobile ballast water reception container is available in more and more ports and from stock.

HOR.indd 1 21.06.2019 14:47:00

87

DIREKTORI

IP E R I N D O

As well as building at our own yards all over the world, Damen is also experienced in supporting Indonesian yards in the construction of our proven designs, providing materials packages and transfer of technology. To answer the global need for energy, Damen LNG tankers with a capacity range from 500 m3 – 18,000 m3, are available all over the world.

DAMEN.COM

The vital link in your energy supply chain.

LIQUEFIED GAS CARRIER 6000 LNG

Our IMO type-approved ballast water treatment unit, InvaSave 300, provides port operators, waste-disposal companies and ship owners with a new value-adding service. The InvaSave can be used to treat ballast water for: contingency measures, unmanned barges, shipyards, FPSOs, older vessels, intermediate solutions. With InvaSave technology, ballast water only needs treating at the point of discharge, in contrast to on-board installations.

DAMEN INVASAVE 300

DAMENGREEN.COM

Sometimes innovation is about thinking inside the box.

InvaSave, Damen's unique, mobile ballast water reception container is available in more and more ports and from stock.

HOR.indd 1 21.06.2019 14:47:00

88DIREKTORI

IP E R I N D OBab03


d i r e ktori peri n d o prospek industri galangan di

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