kuliah 2 metode konstruksi

TEKNOLOGI DALAM ARSITEKTUR

Kuliah program Magister Teknik Arsitektur

Fakultas Teknik

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 1

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 2

Perancangan

Disain optimal

Fungsi Disain

struktur Tampak

Ekonomis Cara Membangun

pelaksanaan

Bangunan Arsitek Insinyur

Berdasarkan, Kotulla, Bernhard / Urlau-Clever, Bernd P. / Kotulla, Peter:

1994· Industrielles Bauen, II: Expert Verlag ISBN-13: 978-3-8169-1145-6 ISBN-10: 3-8169-1145-5

Struktur Bangunan

Fisika Bangunan

Disain Pelaksanaan

Panas Api Hujan Bunyi

Perhitungan Struktur Faktor Keamanan dll

Sistem pelaksanaan Crane Transport

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 3

JENIS ELEMEN KONSTRUKSI

Dimensi satu

Kolom,balok, portal

Dimensi dua

Pelat, dinding geser, shall

Dimensi tiga

Bangunan reaktor, pondasi besar

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 4

Metode konstruksi pada bangunan

1. Cast In Situ

2. Pre cast dan pre stress

3. Top down

4. Lift slab

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 5

1. Cast Insitu

Beton di cor ditempat/

Konvensional

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 6

2. Pre-cast dan Pre-stress

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 7

Pre Cast

• Kolom

• Balok

• Lantai

• Dinding

• Pondasi

• DLL

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 8

Pabrik dari pre cast

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 9

Ware House/Pre cast

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 10

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 11

Ware house precast

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 12

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 13

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 14

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 15

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 16

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 17

Product Index

Septic Tanks 1

Pump Tanks 2

Holding Tanks 3

Siphon Tanks 4

Recharge Tanks 5

Distribution Boxes 6

Aerobic Tanks 7

Treatment Tanks 8

Grease Traps & Interceptors 9

Lids & Extensions 10

Manholes 11

Inlets 12

Inlet Tops 13

Headwalls 14

Reinforced Concrete Pipe 15

Miscellaneous 16

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 18

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 19

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 20

100 ton

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 21

Reservoir

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 22

Ukuran Elemen Pre Cast

Persyaratan khusus b h L

Tidak perlu < 250 cm < 400 cm < 1800 cm

Perlu, tanpa perlindungan polisi di Jalan Propinsi

< 350 cm Berdasarkan tinggi Di jembatan

<2400 cm

Perlu, tanpa perlidungan polisi di Tol

< 450 cm Berdasarkan tinggi di jembatan

< 2800 cm

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 23

Toleransi dalam pre cast

Dalam pabrikasi, perlu ada toleransi yang dihitung dengan statistik.

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 24

Modul dalam bangunan

• 3 M = 300 mm

• 6 M = 600 mm

• 12 M = 1200 mm

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 25

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 26

Jenis-jenis panel

1. Solid Panels

2. Insulated (sandwich) Panels

3. Ribbed Panels

4. Hollow-core Panels

5. Sculptured Panels

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 27

Solid Panel

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 28

HOLLOW

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 29

Ribbed Panel

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 30

Insulated (sandwich) Panels

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 31

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 32

Desain dinding Panel

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 33

Dinding Panel : 1. Beton Bertulang/RC (Reinforced Concrete)/Stahlbeton 2. Beton Pratekn/PSC(Pre Stress Concrete/Spannbeton

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 34

b

heff

Klasifikasi Panel

1. Non-Load-Bearing Panel (cladding)

2. Load-Bearing Panel

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 35

KEUNTUNGAN PRE CAST

• Cepat dipasang

• Harga lebih murah

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 36

PERENCANAAN PRE CAST

• Arsitek dan insinyur Sipil

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 37

ORGANISASI

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 38

Perencanaan pre cast

1. Dimensinya elemen bangunannya sama

2. Slabnya rata

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 39

Pemasangan Slab

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 40

Crane

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 41

Pemasangan kolom

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 42

Sambungan antar dinding

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 43

Sambungan antar kolom dan balok

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 44

Sambungan antar kolom dan pondasi

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 45

Sambungan antar balok

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 46

Sambungan kolom balok

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 47

pemasangan

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 48

Pre Stress

• Salah satu bagian dari pre cast

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 49

Material Sifat

Beton • bahan campuran Semen, Agregat dan Air

• tegangan tekan tinggi

• tegangan tarik rendah

• harga murah

Tulangan • tegangan tekan dan tarik tinggi

• harga mahal

• bahaya terhadap korosi/karat

Kabel pratekan

• tegangan tarik sangat tinggi

• harga sangat mahal

• sangat bahaya terhadap korosi.

Perbandingan sifat beton, tulangan dan kabel pra tekan

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 50

BETON DALAM KEADAAN BELUM RETAK

Jika σb < f’c

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 51

Beton dalam keadaan sudah retak

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 52

Beton Pratekan

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 53

Keunggulan Beton Pratekan dibanding Beton bertulang

1. Tampang lebih kecil

2. Lendutan lebih kecil

3. Bentang lebih panjang

4. Umur lebih panjang (bebas retak)

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 54

Jenis-jenis Baja Pratekan

• Wires : diameter 7 mm

• Strands: gabungan dari beberapa wires

• Tendon: gabungan dari beberapa strands (dipakai pada post tensioning)

• Bar :high strength dengan diameter > 20 mm

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 55

Jenis-jenis kabel pra tekan di pasaran

• Freyssinet

• BBRV (Birkenmaeier, Brandestini, Ros)

• Dywidag

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 56

Metode pelaksanaan pratekan

• Pre-tensioning: kabel ditarik dulu baru kemudian beton dicor

• Post-tensioning: beton dicor dulu baru kabel ditarik

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 57

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 58

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 59

3. Lift Slab Method

• Lift slab construction is a method of constructing concrete buildings by casting the floor or roof slab on top of the previous slab and then raising (jacking) the slab up with hydraulic jacks, so being cheaper and faster as not requiring boxing and supports for casting in situ.

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 60

Liftslab method

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 61

4. Top Down Construction Method

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 62

Top Down Construction Method lanjutan....

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 63

Top Down Construction Method lanjutan.......

Prof Dr.-Ing. Johannes Tarigan 64