tugas pemadatan tanah

8/19/2019 Tugas Pemadatan tanah

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TUGAS TERSTRUKTUR

RESTORASI:

PEMADATAN TANAH DAN CARA MENGATASINYA

Oleh:

LIESNA AMELIA FAUZIAH

135040201111371

Kelas C

PROGRAM STUDI AGROEKOTEKNOLOGI

MINAT MANAJEMEN SUMBER DAYA LAHAN

FAKULTAS PERTANIAN

UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA

MALANG

2016



BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

1.1 Latar ela!a"#

$a"ah %e%&'"(a) &era"a" (a"# sa"#at &e"t)"# &a*a &erta")a"+ %er'&a!a" ,aha"

(a"# sa"#at e!-"-%)s+ %'*ah *)*a&at *a" '%'%%(a la"#s'"# terse*)a *) la&a"#a".

$a"ah a*alah &-"*as) &e"*'!'"# s'at' ta"a%a". Salah sat' ,e"t'! &e%a"aata"

ta"ah *ala% ,)*a"# &erta")a" a*alah se,a#a) %e*)a t'%,'h s'at' ta"a%a" *a"

te%&at ter/a*) &e")%,'"a". Ke#)ata" t)%,'"a" (a)t' !e#)ata" %eleta!!a" ata'

%e"a%,ah -l'%e %ater)al *e"#a" t'/'a" '"t'! %erata!a" &er%'!aa"+ %e")"##)!a"

eleas) &er%'!aa" '"t'! %e"*a&at!a" &er%'!aa" ta"ah (a"# le,)h ,a)!

S-e*),(-+2003.

er%asalaha" (a"# ser)"# *)te%') &a*a &e!er/aa" t)%,'"a" (a!") !e#a#ala"

s&es))!as) &e!er/aa" (a"# *))"#)"!a". Ke#a#ala" )") *a&at ter/a*) &a*a t)%,'"a" )t'

se"*)r). Salah sat' '"s'r ter&e"t)"# (a"# har's *)&erhat)!a" *ala% ta"ah t)%,'"a"

a*alah !ara!ter)st)! ta"ah *a" ara sta,)l)sas) ta"ah )t' se"*)r). U"t'! &e"e"t'a"

!ara!ter)st)! ta"ah har's %elal') &e"el)t)a" !are"a ta"ah *)s'at' l-!as) %e%)l)!)

!ara!ter)st)! (a"# ,er,e*a *e"#a" ta"ah *) l-!as) la)".

Ke&a*ata" ta"ah *)&e"#ar'h) -leh ,esar !e)l"(a e"er#) &e%a*ata" (a"#

*),er)!a". a*a &r-ses &e%a*ata"+ &e")"#!ata" e"er#) t)*a! *)&e"#ar'h) seara l)"ear

%ela)"!a" ")la) -&t)%'% e"er#) &e%a*ata" (a"# *)&erl'!a" '"t'! %e%&er-leh

!e&a*ata" %a!s)%'% s'at' ta"ah+ a!a" teta&) &e"a%,aha" a)r setelah %e"a&a)

!a*ar a)r -&t)%'% /'str' e"*er'"# %e"'r'"!a" ,erat -l'%e !er)"# *ar) ta"ah. Hal

)") *)se,a,!a" !are"a a)r terse,'t %e"e%&at) r'a"#r'a"# &-r)&-r) *ala% ta"ah (a"#

sehar's"(a *a&at *)te%&at) -leh &art)!el&art)!el &a*at *ar) ta"ah. e%a*ata" (a"#

,erle,)ha" &a*a ta"ah terse,'t+ /'#a %e"(e,a,!a" str'!t'r ta"ah %e"/a*) r'sa! *a"

t)*a! %e"a&a) !e&a*ata" %a!s)%'% (a"# *)hara&!a". $'/'a" *ar) &e"'l)sa"

%a!alah )") a*alah '"t'! %e"#etah') !ara!ter)st)! &e%a*ata" ta"ah *a" ara

%e"#atas) &er%asalaha" (a"# *)se,a,!a" &e%a*ata" ta"ah.



BAB II

PEMBAHASAN

2.1 Pemadatan Tanah

e%a*ata" ta"ah a*alah s'at' &r-ses *)%a"a &art)!el ta"ah *)*esa! %e"/a*)

le,)h,er*e!ata" sat' sa%a la)" %elal') &e"#'ra"#a" r-"##a '*ara *e"#a" *) #)las

ata' %et-*e%e!a")! la)". S)at te!")sta"ah *a" ,at'a" (a"# *)#'"a!a" &a*a

&e")%,'"a"+ se,a#a) -"t-h !e!'ata" #eser"(a+ !ara!ter)st)! !-"s-l)*as)+

&er%ea,)l)tas+ *a" se,a#a)"(a+a*alah ,er!a)ta" *e"#a" /'%lah &e%a*ata" (a"# telah

*)ter)%a"(a.'sat L)t,a"# e"#a)ra"+ a*a" L)t,a"# U+2000: hal 4.

$i"#!at !e&a*ata" (a"# t)"##) %e%,a"t' *ala% :

a %e"'r'"!a" ,)a(a &e%el)haraa"6, %e"'r'"!a" r)s)!- ter/a*)"(a l-"#s-ra"6

%e"*a&at!a" te!a"a" *'!'"# (a"# le,)h t)"##) &a*a *esa)" -"*as) '"t'!

str'!t'r &er%a"e".

e")"#!ata" !e&a*ata" !er)"# ta"ah (a"# *) has)l!a" -leh &e%a*ata"+ ter'ta%a

ter#a"t'"# &a*a !a*ar a)r *ar) ta"ah *a" /'%lah &e%a*ata" (a"# *) #'"a!a". $)"#!at

&e%a*ata" (a"# *)&erl'!a" *)te"t'!a" -leh s)at te!")s (a"# *))"#)"!a" '"t'! 'r'#a"

#'"a %e%e"'h) '"#s) *esa)""(a. $a"ah (a"# har's *)&a*at!a" a*alah ta"ah *e"#a"

s)ats)at te!")! ,aha" se,a#a) ,er)!'t:

a !e&a*ata" !er)"# %)")%'%6

, r-"##a '*ara %a!s)%'% (a"# ter!a)t *e"#a" !a*ar a)r %a!s)%'%6

&r-se"tase %)")%'% *ar) !e&a*ata" !er)"# %a!s)%'% (a"# *)&er-leh *ar)

sta"*ar '& la,-rat-r)'%6

* !e!'ata" #eser %)")%'%.

2.2 Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepadatan Tanah

A"tara a!t-ra!t-r (a"# %e%&e"#ar'h) &e%a*ata" ta"ah a*alah : Ka"*'"#a"

a)r+ $e"a#a &e%a*ata" (a"# *)!e"a!a" &a*a ta"ah *a" S)ats)at ta"ah.

a Ka"*'"#a" A)r.

Ka"*'"#a" a)r %er'&a!a" sat' s)at (a"# &e"t)"# *ala% &e%a*ata" ta"ah. I")

!era"a &a*a !a"*'"#a" a)r (a"# re"*ah+ ta"ah %e"/a*) !'!'h *a" s'!ar '"t'!

*)&a*at!a". e"#a")")+ ta"ah (a"# *)&a*at!a" %e%&'"(a) !et'%&ata" !er)"# (a"#

re"*ah *a" ")s,ah l-%&a"#(a"# t)"##). e")"#!ata" !a"*'"#a" a)r %e"#has)l!a"



&el)")ra" !e&a*a ta"ah *a"%e"a%,ah!a" !e,-leh!er/aa" le,)h %'*ah *)&a*at!a"+

seter's"(a %e")"#!at!a"!et'%&ata" !er)"# ta"ah terse,'t seh)"##a !e taha&

!a"*'"#a" a)r (a"# -&t)%a. $eta&)se!)ra"(a !a"*'"#a" a)r terlal' t)"##) )a)t'

%ele,)h) ")la) -&t)%a+ a)r a!a" %e%)sah!a"8arah8arah ta"ah. I") %e"(e,a,!a"

!et'%&ata" !er)"# ta"ah %e"/a*) !'ra"#.

, $e"a#a &e%a*ata"

Me")"#!at!a" te"a#a &e%a*ata" ,er%a!s'* %e")"#!at!a" !e&erl'a" te"a#a !eatas

set)a& ,erat '")t ta"ah. e")"#!ata" te"a#a &e%a*ata" %e"(e,a,!a" ")la) !et'%&ata"

!er)"#%e")"#!at teta&) !a"*'"#a" a)r -&t)%a %e"'r'". 9ala' ,a#a)%a"a&'"+

#ar)sa" !et'%&ata" t)*a! ,er#a"t'"# se%ata%ata terha*a& te"a#a &e%a*ata". a#)

ta"ah (a"# terte"t'+ ,e,era&a le"#!'"# !et'%&ata" !er)"# %elaa" !a"*'"#a" a)r

,-leh *)&er-leh) ,a#) 'saha &a*ata" (a"# ,erla)"a".

Le"#!'"#le"#!'"# !et'%&ata" !er)"# %elaa" !a"*'"#a" a)r '"t'! sat' /'lat

/e")sta"ah *e"#a" 'saha &a*ata" (a"# sa%a. $a"ah ,er,'t)r !asar se&ert) ta"ah

,er!el)!)r *a" ta"ah ,er&as)r ,-leh *)&a*at!a" !e&a*a ")la) !et'%&ata" !er)"# (a"#

le,)h t)"##) *),a"*)"#!a" *e"#a"ta"ah ,er,'t)r hal's se&ert) ta"ah ,er!el-*a! ata'

ta"ah l)at.

2.3 Dampak Pemadatan Tanah

e%a*ata" %e")%,'l!a" &er',aha"&er',aha" &a*a str'!t'r ta"ah ,er!-hes).

er',aha"&er',aha" terse,'t %el)&'t) &er',aha" &a*a *a(a re%,es+

!e%a%&'%a%&ata"+ *a" !e!'ata" ta"ah. S)ats)at !e%a%&'%a%&ata" sat' *)%e"s)ta"ah le%&'"# (a"# *)&a*at!a" &a*a s)s) !er)"# *a" s)s) ,asah *ar) !a*ar -&t)%'%

a*alah &a*a te!a"a" re"*ah+ s'at' ta"ah (a"# *)&a*at!a" &a*a s)s) ,asah *ar) !a*ar

-&t)%'% a!a" le,)h %'*ah %e%a%&at *),a"*)"# ta"ah (a"# *)&a*at!a" &a*a s)s)

!er)"# *ar) !a*ar a)r -&t)%'%. Ke!'ata" ta"ah le%&'"# (a"# *)&a*at!a" '%'%"(a

,er!'ra"# *e"#a" ,erta%,ah"(a !a*ar a)r. Hara&*)&erhat)!a" ,aha !)ra!)ra !a*ar

a)r -&t)%'%+ ter/a*) &e"'r'"a" !e!'ata" ta"ah (a"# ,esar.

er',aha"&er',aha" (a"# ter/a*) a&a,)la ta"ah *)&a*at!a" a*alah :

a. ;-l'%e '*ara *ala% &-r)&-r) ta"ah ,er!'ra"# seh)"##a ta"ah %e"/a*)

&a*at. ,. Ke!'ata" #eser *a" *a(a *'!'"# ta"ah %e")"#!at.

. K-%&res),)l)tas ta"ah ,er!'ra"#.

*. er%ea,)l)tas ta"ah ,er!'ra"#.

e. Le,)h taha" terha*a& er-s).



a*a &r-ses &e%a*ata" '"t'! set)a& *a(a &e%a*ata" terte"t'+ !e&a*ata" (a"#

tera&a) ter#a"t'"# &a*a ,a"(a!"(a a)r *) *ala% ta"ah terse,'t+ (a)t' !a*ar a)r"(a.

A&a,)la !a*ar a)r"(a re"*ah+ ta"ah %e%&'"(a) s)at !eras ata' !a!' seh)"##a s'!ar

*)&a*at!a". )la%a"a !a*ar a)r"(a *)ta%,ah %a!a a)r )t' a!a" ,erla!' se,a#a)

&el'%as seh)"##a ta"ah a!a" le,)h %'*ah *)&a*at!a". a*a !a*ar a)r (a"# le,)h

t)"##) la#) !e&a*ata""(a a!a" t'r'" !are"a &-r)&-r) ta"ah %e"/a*) &e"'h ter)s) a)r

(a"# t)*a! la#) *)!el'ar!a" *e"#a" ara %e%a*at!a". )&erl'!a" !a*ar a)r terte"t'

(a"# *)se,'t !a*ar a)r -&t)%'% 9-&t *ala% s'at' &r-ses &e%a*ata" a#ar

*)*a&at!a" has)l !e&a*ata" %a!s)%'%. Ka*ar a)r )") selal' ter#a"t'"# &a*a *a(a

&e%a*ata""(a. A&a,)la *a(a &e%a*ata" ,erla)"a" %a!a !a*ar a)r -&t)%'%"(a

9-&t /'#a la)". $'/'a" &e%a*ata" *) la&a"#a" a*alah %e%a*at!a" ta"ah &a*a

!ea*aa" !a*ar a)r -&t)%'%"(a9-&t seh)"##a tera&a) !ea*aa" &al)"# &a*at.

2.4 Cara mengatasi Pemadatan Tanah

ela!sa"aa" &er,a)!a" ta"ah )") *)la!'!a" #'"a %e")"#!at !a" *a(a *'!'"#

ta"ah a#ar ta"ah %e%)l)!) !ara!ter)st)! ta"ah se,a#a) *a(a *'!'"# *)atas"(a *e"#a"

%e%)l)!) s)at te!")s ses'a) *e"#a" *esa)" !-"str'!s) (a"# *)re"a"a!a". Ma"a/e%e"

a)r &er%'!aa" *a" a)r *ala% *)la!'!a" #'"a %e"e#at al)ra" a)r ,e,as *a"

%e"'r'"!a" *'#a a)r.

Met-*e ra)"ase.

1. ra)"ase *a"#!al *)la!'!a" &a*a se!)tar area ,a"#'"a" *e"#a" %e%,'at &ar)t

*e"#a" !e*ala%a" terte"t' a#ar a)r *a&at %e"#al)r *a" terta%&'"#.

2. Met-*e ert)al sa"* *ra)"+ ara &e%a"a"#a" Ma"*rel %e%&ere&at

!-"s-l)*as) a)r &a*a la&)sa" L'%&'r (a"# %e%)l)!) !et)"##)a"< *ala%.

3. Met-*e ,-r+ ara &e"#e,-ra" ta"ah &a*a la&)sa" L'%&'r !e*a& a)r *a"

*)la!'!a" &e%-%&aa" a)r !el'ar+ *a" *)#a"t) *e"#a" %ater)al &e"#a"t) (a"#

*a&at %e%,a"t' sta,)l)tas ta"ah L'%&'r.

4. Met-*e a,r)s re)"-re%e"t+ %ela&)s) ta"ah le%&'"# *e"#a" la&)sa" %ass)

(a"# ,er'"#s) se,a#a) la"*asa" !-"str'!s)+ *a" %ela!'!a" &e"#e!a"#a" &a*a la&)sa" L'%&'r.

)la%a"a *)&erl'!a" '"t'! %e%,a"#'" *)atas la&)sa" (a"# l'"a!+ *)&erl'!a"

&erhat)a" halhal se,a#a) ,er)!'t:



1. a(a *'!'"# $a"ah ,ear)"# a&as)t(

2. e"'r'"a" ta"ah setle%e"t

3. =e")s *a" !ara!ter)st)! $a"ah.

)la%a"a %e"#ha*a&) &e!er/aa" &a*a ta"ah (a"# %'*ah %e"#ala%) l-"#s-r+ %a!a

!ara!ter)st)! te!")s *ar) ta"ah &erl' *)'&a(a!a" se,a#a) ,er)!'t:

1. er,a)!a" !ara!ter)st)! ,'t)ra"+ '"t'! %e"#h)"*ar) *e-r%as) *a"

&e"#'ra"#a" te!a"a" ta"ah. %elal') &er,a)!a" &e"#)!ata" ,'t)ra" '"t'!

%e")"#!at!a" !-hes) a"tara ,'t)ra" *ala% %e"*a&at!a" !era&ata" ta"ah+

ara (a"# *)la!'!a" %elal') &e%,'ata" *ra)"ase *a" &e%a*ata" ta"ah+

%e"#',ah #ra*as) ,'t)ra" ta"ah+ *a" %e"a%,ah ,aha" sta,)l)tas) &a*a ta"ah

asal

2. er,a)!a" !e%a%&ata" ta"ah '"t'! %e%&er&e"*e! a!t' &e"'r'"a" ta"ah

!are"a !-"s-l)*as) *a" %e"#h)"*ar) &e"'r'"a" res)*'al %elal')

%e")"#!at!a" !e!-!-ha" !era"#!ah ,'t)r ata' *e"#a" %e"#'saha!a"

&e"#'ra"#a" -l''%e &-r) s'&a(a *e-r%as) ta"ah teta&+ ara %e"e!a"

*e-r%as) -leh !-"s-l)*as) ta"ah !-hes) *)la!sa"a!a" le,)h *ah'l' *e"#a"

,e,a" (a"# '!'& ,esar+ se*a"#!a" %e%&er!'at !e!-!-ha" ,'t)r *e"#a" ara

)"/e!s) %e!a")s !e*ala% ta"ah *e"#a",aha" &e"#)!at<sta,)l)tas)+ *)hara&!a"

*a&at %e%&er!'at )!ata" a"tar ,'t)r *a" %e%,'at a)r *ala% &-r) %e"/a*)

,e!'+

3. e"#'ra"#a" &er%ea,)l)tas '"t'! %e"#h)"*ar) !e,--ra" re%,esa" (a"#

*a&at %e%&er&e"*e! a!t' &e"'r'"a" -leh !-"s-l)*as) *)la!'!a" *e"#a"

ara %e%&er&e"*e! /ara! *ra)"ase *e"#a" %e%as"#la&)sa" &er%ea,)l)tas

,'ata"+ &e"a%,aha" )"/e!s) ,aha" sta,)l)tas #'"a %e"'t'& re%,esa" a)r ata'

%e%a"ta&!a" !e!e*a&a" a)r

)la%a"a !ara!ter)st)! %ater)al ta"ah s'*ah '!'& ,a)!+ %a!a &ela!sa"aa" sta,)l)tas

ta"ah ha"(a *e"#a" %e"#e"*al)!a"<%er',ah !et)"##)a" a)r ta"ah ata' *e"#a"

&e"#)lasa" ata' &er,a)!a" #ra*as) ta"ah.

1. $a"ah *asar ,asah *a" ,era)r *e"#a" %e%&er,a)!) s)ste% *ra)"ase <ter,'!a+

tert't'& ,er'&a sal'ra" *a"#!al+ &)&a ,et-" ,er&-r) '"t'! %e"#el'ar!a" a)r

*ar) &-r) ta"ah.



2. Me%,'at &ar)t !e%'*)a" *)t)%,'" *e"#a" ,at' &eah ata' !-ral ala%) (a"#

,er'"#s) se,a#a) )lter (a"# a!a" %e"'r'"!a" %'!a a)r '"t'! *)al)r!a"

!ete%&at tere"*ah.

3. Me"#'"a!a" le%,ara" ,er&-r) F)" *ra)" *)&asa"#!a" &a*a l',a"# sal'ra"(a"# *)#al) !e%'*)a" *))s)!a" %ater)al t'"##al ,er*)a%eter ha%&)r sa%a

se,a#a) )lter.

4. a*a ta"ah le%&'"# ,asah+ &e"#er)"#a" *)la!'!a" *e"#a" !a&'r t-h-r

!als)'% -!s)*a+ !a&'r a!a" %er',ah !-"s)ste"s) le%&'"# *e"#a" &art)!el

(a"# e"*er'"# %e"#'%&al seh)"##a !ele!aat" ,er!'ra"# *a" #eser

,erta%,ah. -l'%e !a&'r t-h-r 25 > *ar) ta"ah ,asah.

)la%a"a a)r ta"ah re"*ah *a" ta"ah la&)s &er%'!aa" '!'& ,a)! %a!a e!er/aa"

Alas *asar ,er'&a la&)sa" as)r. e!er/aa" *)la!'!a" *e"#a" %e"#ha%&ar!a" &as)s

*)atas la&)sa" ta"ah l'"a! seara ,ertaha& *a" %erata sete,al 501.20 %eter+ t'/'a"

*ar) %et-*e )") a*alah:

1. Se,a#a) *ra)"ase a)r &er%'!aa" &a*a &r-ses !-"s-l)*as) la&)sa" ta"ah (a"#

'!'& ,a)!.

2. Me%&ere&at &r-ses %ere%,esa" a)r &er%'!aa" !e sal'ra" *ra)"ase.

3. aha" &as)r (a"# ,a)! %e%&'"(a) ra!s) !'ra"# *ar) 3 > (a"# l-l-s a(a!a"

74 '.



BAB III

PENUTUP

3.1 Kes)%&'la"

$)"#!at &e%a*ata" ta"ah *) '!'r *ar) ,erat -l'%e !er)"# ta"ah (a"# *)&a*at!a".

)la a)r *)ta%,ah!a" !e&a*a s'at' ta"ah (a"# se*a"# *)&a*at!a"+ a)r terse,'t a!a"

,er'"#s) se,a#)a '"s'r &e%,asah &a*a &art)!el&art)!el ta"ah. U"t'! 'saha

&e%a*ata" (a"# sa%a+ ,erat -l'%e !er)"# *ar) ta"ah a!a" "a)! ,)la !a*ar a)r *ala%

ta"ah %e")"#!at. Fa!t-ra!t-r (a"# %e%&e"#ar'h) &e%a*ata" ta"ah a*alah !a*ar

a)r. )sa%&)"# !a*ar a)r+ a!t-ra!t-r la)" (a"# /'#a %e%&e"#ar'h) &e%a*ata"a*alah /e")s ta"ah *a" 'saha &e%a*ata". Cara %e"#atas) &e%a*ata" ta"ah a*alah

*e"#a" ara ?%et-*e *ra)"ase@+ (a)t' %e"##'"a!a" te!")! (a"# ses'a) ,er*asar!a"

s)at ta"ah *a" !ara!ter)st)! ta"ah serta %ater)al !a"*'"#a" ta"ah (a"# %e"#ala%)

&e%a*ata".

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