sistem informasi geografis pemetaan wilayah … · pendidikan di provinsi bali berbasis web ......
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SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PEMETAAN
WILAYAH BERDASARKAN KUALITAS
PENDIDIKAN DI PROVINSI BALI BERBASIS WEB
MENGGUNAKAN GOOGLE MAPS API
TUGAS AKHIR
Diajukan guna memenuhi sebagian persyaratan dalam rangka menyelesaikan
Pendidikan Sarjana Strata Satu (S1) Program Studi Teknologi Informasi
I MADE OKA MAHENDRA PUTRA
NIM. 1104505068
JURUSAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA
2015
ii
SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS PEMETAAN
WILAYAH BERDASARKAN KUALITAS
PENDIDIKAN DI PROVINSI BALI BERBASIS WEB
MENGGUNAKAN GOOGLE MAPS API
TUGAS AKHIR
Diajukan guna memenuhi sebagian persyaratan dalam rangka menyelesaikan
Pendidikan Sarjana Strata Satu (S1) Program Studi Teknologi Informasi
I MADE OKA MAHENDRA PUTRA
NIM. 1104505068
JURUSAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS UDAYANA
2015
iii
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN
Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa dalam Tugas Akhir ini tidak terdapat
karya yang pernah diajukan untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan di perguruan
tinggi lain, dan sepanjang pengetahuan saya tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat
yang pernah ditulis atau diterbitkan oleh orang lain, kecuali yang secara tertulis
diacu dalam naskah ini dan disebutkan dalam daftar pustaka.
Denpasar, Juli 2015
I Made Oka Mahendra Putra
iv
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR
v
BERITA ACARA TUGAS AKHIR
vi
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur penulis panjatkan kehadapan Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa
karena atas berkat dan rahmat-Nyalah Tugas Akhir yang berjudul Sistem
Informasi Geografis Pemetaan Berdasarkan Kualitas Pendidikan di Provinsi Bali
Berbasis Web Menggunakan Google Maps API dapat terselesaikan. Hambatan
yang ditemui dapat terlewati berkat dukungan dari beberapa pihak, ucapan
terimakasih disampaikan kepada:
1. Bapak Prof. Ir. Ngakan Putu Gede Suardana, MT.,Ph.D, selaku Dekan
Fakultas Teknik universitas Udayana.
2. Bapak Dr. Eng. I Putu Agung Bayupati, S.T., M.T. selaku Ketua Jurusan
Teknologi Informasi Fakultas Teknik Universitas Udayana.
3. Bapak I Nyoman Piarsa, S.T., M.T. dan Ibu Ni Made Ika Marini
Mandenni, S.T., M.Kom selaku Dosen Pembimbing I dan Dosen
Pembimbing II yang senantiasa memberikan petunjuk, pemecahan
masalah, dan bimbingan dalam penyelesaian Tugas Akhir ini.
4. Bapak I Ketut Adi Purnawan, S.T., M.Eng. selaku Dosen Pembimbing
Akademik, Bapak/Ibu dosen pengajar dan pegawai di Jurusan Teknologi
Informasi yang telah membimbing dan membantu selama perkuliahan.
5. Rekan seperjuangan Tugas Akhir Agus Widnyana, Agus Prana, Dedek
Charaka, Dharmawan Setiadi, dan rekan-rekan TI angkatan 2011 lainnya.
6. Orang tua, saudara, dan saudari serta Anggi Edita yang membantu dan
selalu memberikan semangat dalam proses penyelesaian Tugas Akhir.
Tugas Akhir ini masih jauh dari kesempurnaan, maka dari itu penulis
meminta kritik dan saran yang membangun dari pembaca. Semoga Tugas Akhir
ini dapat bermanfaat dalam pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi bagi
khalayak luas.
Denpasar, Juni 2015
Penulis
ix
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN SAMPUL ........................................................................................... i
HALAMAN JUDUL ............................................................................................. ii
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ................................................................................. iii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN TUGAS AKHIR .................................................... iv
BERITA ACARA TUGAS AKHIR ..................................................................... v
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... vi
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ xi
DAFTAR TABEL................................................................................................ xii
DAFTAR PERSAMAAN................................................................................... xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ...................................................................................... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................................... 3
1.3 Tujuan ............................................................................................................ 3
1.4 Manfaat .......................................................................................................... 3
1.5 Batasan Masalah ............................................................................................ 4
1.6 Metodologi Penelitian .................................................................................... 4
1.7 Sistematika Penulisan .................................................................................... 5
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA DAN LANDASAN TEORI ................................. 6 2.1 State of the Art ............................................................................................... 6
2.2 Indikator Kualitas Pendidikan ....................................................................... 7
2.3 Pengertian SIG ............................................................................................. 10
2.4 Google Maps API ........................................................................................ 11
2.5 MySQL ........................................................................................................ 11
2.5.1 Pengertian MySQL .......................................................................... 11
2.5.2 Sistem Manajemen Basis Data Relasional ....................................... 12
2.5.3 Keistimewaan MySQL .................................................................... 13
2.6 JSON ............................................................................................................ 14
2.6.1 Pengertian JSON .............................................................................. 14
2.6.1.1 Struktur JSON .................................................................... 15
2.7 PHP .............................................................................................................. 17
2.7.1 Pengertian PHP ................................................................................ 17
2.7.2 Sintaks PHP ..................................................................................... 19
2.7.3 Variabel PHP ................................................................................... 20
2.7.4 Kelebihan PHP ................................................................................. 21
2.8 JavaScript ..................................................................................................... 21
2.8.1 Sejarah ............................................................................................. 21
2.8.2 Sintaks JavaScript ............................................................................ 22
2.9 Pengertian JQuery ........................................................................................ 23
2.9.1 Kelebihan JQuery ............................................................................ 24
x
2.9.2 Sintaks JQuery ................................................................................. 24
2.9.3 JQuery Selector ................................................................................ 25
2.9.4 JQuery Events .................................................................................. 26
2.10 Trend Semi Average Method ....................................................................... 27
BAB III METODE DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM .................................... 30 3.1 Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ...................................................................... 30
3.2 Alur Analisis ................................................................................................ 30
3.3 Data .............................................................................................................. 31
3.3.1 Jenis dan Sumber Data ..................................................................... 31
3.3.2 Metode Pengumpulan Data .............................................................. 31
3.4 Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak........................................................................ 32
3.5 Perancangan Sistem ..................................................................................... 32
3.5.1 Fitur pada Sistem ............................................................................. 32
3.5.2 Gambaran Umum Sistem ................................................................. 33
3.6 Pemodelan Sistem ........................................................................................ 34
3.6.1 Diagram Konteks ............................................................................. 35
3.6.2 Hierarchy Chart ............................................................................... 36
3.6.3 Data Flow Diagram Level 0 (Overview) ......................................... 37
3.6.4 Data Flow Diagram Level 1 System Administrator ......................... 39
3.6.5 Data Flow Diagram Level 1 Manajemen Data ................................ 39
3.6.6 Data Flow Diagram Level 1 Pemetaan Digital ............................... 40
3.6.7 Data Flow Diagram Level 1 Manajemen User ............................... 41
3.6.8 Data Flow Diagram Level 1 View Data ........................................... 42
3.6.10 Rancangan Basis Data ..................................................................... 44
3.6.10.1 Perancangan Tabel ............................................................. 44
3.6.10.2 Table Relationship ............................................................. 53
3.7 Implementasi Metode Trend Semi Average ................................................. 54
BAB IV PENGUJIAN DAN ANALISIS SISTEM ........................................... 57 4.1 Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak........................................................................ 57
4.2 Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) Sistem Informasi Geografis
Pendidikan .................................................................................................... 57
4.2.1 SOP Penambahan Area .................................................................... 58
4.2.2 SOP Edit Area .................................................................................. 58
4.2.3 SOP Peramalan Data ........................................................................ 59
4.3 Antar Muka Sistem ...................................................................................... 60
4.3.1 Antar Muka Halaman Administrator dan User ................................ 60
4.3.2 Antar Muka Halaman Viewer .......................................................... 63
4.4 Pengujian Sistem ......................................................................................... 64
4.5 Analisis Hasil Pengujian Sistem .................................................................. 73
4.5.1 Analisis Kelebihan Sistem ............................................................... 73
4.5.2 Analisis Kelemahan Sistem ............................................................. 74
BAB V PENUTUP ............................................................................................... 75 5.1 Simpulan ...................................................................................................... 75
5.2 Saran ............................................................................................................ 75
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .......................................................................................... 77
xi
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Objek Pada JSON .............................................................................. 15
Gambar 2.2 Array Pada JSON .............................................................................. 16
Gambar 2.3 Nilai Pada JSON................................................................................ 16
Gambar 2.4 String Pada JSON .............................................................................. 17
Gambar 2.5 Angka Pada JSON ............................................................................. 17
Gambar 2.6 Mekanisme Kerja PHP ...................................................................... 18
Gambar 3.1 Gambaran Umum Sistem .................................................................. 33
Gambar 3.2 Diagram Konteks............................................................................... 35
Gambar 3.3 Hierarchy Chart ................................................................................ 36
Gambar 3.4 DFD Level 0 ...................................................................................... 38
Gambar 3.5 DFD Level 1 Login ............................................................................ 39
Gambar 3.6 DFD Level 1 Manajemen Data .......................................................... 40
Gambar 3.7 DFD Level 1 Pemetaan Digital.......................................................... 41
Gambar 3.8 DFD Level 1 Pemetaan Digital.......................................................... 42
Gambar 3.9 DFD Level 1 View Data ..................................................................... 43
Gambar 3.10 DFD Level 2 View Data Prediksi..................................................... 43
Gambar 4.1 SOP Penambahan Area ..................................................................... 58
Gambar 4.2 SOP Edit Area ................................................................................... 59
Gambar 4.3 SOP Peramalan Data ......................................................................... 60
Gambar 4.4 Tampilan Awal Administrator dan User ........................................... 61
Gambar 4.5 Tampilan Data Rekap Untuk Administrator ..................................... 61
Gambar 4.6 Tampilan Data Statistik Angka Partisipasi Sekolah di Administrator
dan User ............................................................................................ 62
Gambar 4.7 Tampilan Awal Viewer...................................................................... 63
Gambar 4.8 Tampilan Data Rekap Untuk Viewer ................................................ 63
Gambar 4.9 Grafik Berdasarkan Jenis Data Statistik di Suatu Wilayah ............... 64
Gambar 4.10 Marker Muncul Pada Titik Koordinat Terdekat dari Mouse Over
Pointer .............................................................................................. 65
Gambar 4.11 Membuat Polygon ........................................................................... 65
Gambar 4.12 Membuat Area Baru ........................................................................ 67
Gambar 4.13 Form Penambahan Area .................................................................. 68
Gambar 4.14 Area Polygon Baru .......................................................................... 68
Gambar 4.15 Polygon Edit .................................................................................... 69
Gambar 4.16 Form Pengisian Edit Polygon ......................................................... 69
Gambar 4.17 Perbedaan Warna Pada Polygon ..................................................... 70
Gambar 4.18 Menampilkan Informasi yang Terdapat dalam Polygon ................. 71
Gambar 4.19 Memilih Kriteria Peramalan Data Statistik ..................................... 71
Gambar 4.20 Hasil Peramalan Data Statistik Tahun 2013 .................................... 72
Gambar 4.21 Peramalan di Tahun 2014 ................................................................ 73
xii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Daftar Selector jQuery .......................................................................... 25
Tabel 2.2 Daftar Event yang Ada di JQuery ......................................................... 26
Tabel 3.1 Jenis dan Sumber Data .......................................................................... 31
Tabel 3.2 Fitur-fitur Dasar untuk Sistem .............................................................. 32
Tabel 3.3 Struktur Tabel tb_user ...................................................................... 44
Tabel 3.4 Contoh Data Tabel tb_user .............................................................. 44
Tabel 3.5 Struktur Tabel tb_provinsi ............................................................ 45
Tabel 3.6 Contoh Data Tabel tb_provinsi ..................................................... 45
Tabel 3.7 Struktur Tabel tb_kabupaten .......................................................... 46
Tabel 3.8 Contoh Data Tabel tb_kabupaten .................................................. 46
Tabel 3.9 Struktur Tabel tb_kecamatan .......................................................... 47
Tabel 3.10 Contoh Data Tabel tb_kecamatan ................................................ 47
Tabel 3.11 Struktur Tabel tb_kelurahan ........................................................ 47
Tabel 3.12 Contoh Data Tabel tb_kelurahan ................................................ 48
Tabel 3.13 Struktur Tabel tb_jdata_sttk ..................................................... 48
Tabel 3.14 Contoh Data Tabel tb_jdata_statistik .................................. 48
Tabel 3.15 Struktur Tabel tb_data_sttk ........................................................ 49
Tabel 3.16 Contoh Data Tabel tb_data_sttk ................................................ 49
Tabel 3.17 Struktur Tabel tb_rekap ................................................................. 50
Tabel 3.18 Contoh Data Tabel tb_rekap .......................................................... 50
Tabel 3.19 Struktur Tabel tb_usia .................................................................... 51
Tabel 3.20 Contoh Data Tabel tb_usia ............................................................ 51
Tabel 3.21 Struktur Tabel tb_detail_user ................................................... 51
Tabel 3.22 Contoh Data Tabel tb_detail_user ............................................ 52
Tabel 3.23 Struktur Tabel tb_status ............................................................... 52
Tabel 3.24 Contoh Data Tabel tb_status ........................................................ 52
Tabel 3.25 Struktur Tabel tb_jenjang ............................................................ 53
Tabel 3.26 Contoh Data Tabel tb_jenjang ..................................................... 53
Tabel 3.27 Data Histori Angka Partisipasi Pendidikan di Bali ............................. 54
Tabel 3.18 Tabel Analisis Peramalan.................................................................... 55
Tabel 4.1 Perbandingan Antara Data Peramalan dan Data Real ........................... 72
xiii
DAFTAR KODE PROGRAM
Kode Program 2.1 Contoh File PHP (contoh.php) ............................................... 19
Kode Program 2.2 Contoh Pencetakan PHP ......................................................... 20
Kode Program 2.3 Contoh Script HTML untuk Head .......................................... 22
Kode Program 2.4 Contoh Script HTML untuk Body .......................................... 23
Kode Program 2.5 Contoh Script HTML untuk External JavaScript ................... 23
Kode Program 2.6 Contoh Sintaks Penulisan Kode jQuery ................................. 24
Kode Program 4.1 Teknik Snapping ..................................................................... 66
xiv
DAFTAR PERSAMAAN
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Y’ = a0 + bX ......................................................................................................... 29