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Self-driving cars Essayreadessay.com/self-driving-cars-essay

Post author:Jhon Smith

Post published:February 24, 2021

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Introduction of Self-driving cars

Self-driving cars are autonomous vehicles that are capable of sensing the environment

and moving safely. Self-driving cars have sensors for perceiving the surroundings like

radar, GPS, lidar, and measurement units. It carries advanced technology with sensors

and it also identifies the navigation paths. Self-driving cars are safer than human drivers

and self-driving cars are attentive and braking system capabilities use to full in the

accident scene. Artificial intelligence made the leap steps towards the practical application

of different domains that include intelligent transportation. Self-driving cars are the

game-changer. The promise of cars comes with a lot of significant advantages for society

and for every individual. Human errors are the causes of vehicle crashes. Self-driving cars

bear the promise to reduce accidents through taking human factors. The ethics program

in the self-driving cars that are on the high interest and impact of the ethic on acceptance

of these cars. In the scope of the unavoidable accidents, a question post in the study, what

is the effect of different ethical frameworks that govern autonomous car decision-making

on the acceptance?

Figuring out how to make an ethical self-driving car is the thorniest challenge in artificial

intelligence. Acceptance of this autonomous machine is the major issue that decides the

success. Research devoted to qualitative aspects to pertain to the challenges and benefits.

Some research also focused on the explicit ethics of cars and the impact on acceptance.

Self-driving motors reveal that moral choices are not universal.

The proposal in this mechanical assignment help is on ethics to design self-driving cars to

balance the safety of other pedestrians with the interests of the car’s passengers. The

safety issue is very necessary not only for self-driving cars but also for the other cars on

the road. The ethical thought about self-driving motors focused on the tragic dilemmas

such as hypotheticals by which a car decides to run over a group of schoolchildren and

plunge off the cliff by killing its occupants. Self-driving cars make ethical judgments as to

when the driver slams on the brakes for avoiding hitting pedestrians by crossing the road

illegally.

Ethical framework

Ethics is the branch of philosophy and multiple ethical frameworks are proposed in this

study. The ethical frameworks represented as Deontology, Utilitarianism, Pluralism, and

Absolutism.

It is the normative ethical framework that considers the best action which maximizes the

function through considering negative and positive choices to pertain to the decision. The

introduction of the function calculates pleasure and pain that referred to hedonic calculus

and guide the decision-making. In this decision take to prevent the function and make

action plans that are good to provide safety of the cars.

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Deontology is the ethical framework that considers the rules which have absolute quality.

It rejects that matters are consequences of the action and focus on what matters a lot.

Deontology criticized as prioritizes the right over a good. The programs that crash the

algorithms of the self-driving cars are usually based on the deontological system to justify

the criminal cases (Nees, 2016).

Ethical relativism is the meta-ethical framework that argued the values, approaches, and

norms. It emerges that there is a range of the practice which consider morally acceptable

in societies. In the framework of the study, it is proposed that the practices of societies

over the issue also judged by moral standards. Ethical relativism also argues that ethics

are bound to culture and time that lead to the acceptance of the practices and values.

Ethical relativism brings the issues of the differences between the moral aspects which

depend on time and culture (Karnouskos, 2018).

The ethical absolutist knows moral rules, practices, and beliefs. Ethical pluralism argues

the universal values that consider the single set that interpreted the practices and rules. It

goes beyond western tradition and it appears to spread the approach in the ethical

differences to utilize the global issues.

The ethical framework has an impact on the acceptance of self-driving cars. There are

safety issues of self-driving cars and causes accidents where death and life decision made

by it. Many satellite issues are present like if people can trust self0driing cars to make a

decision and if cars make a good decision then human drivers actually. Mandatory ethics

should be enforced on self-driving cars than individual ethics. Machine-related aspects

are the key issues with autonomous cars as there is a need for integrating the ethics in

decision-making algorithms of autonomous cars. This is challenging in death and life

dilemmas and experimental ethics impact the acceptance of self-driving cars and cause

risks and issues for the users (Xu, Chen, Shi, & Zhan, 2020).

Discussion

The manufactures of modern autonomous cars do not address any key issues pertaining

to the ethical aspects of the automated decision-making techniques of cars with some

initial efforts in the research community. It makes the link between the ethical framework

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and the acceptance of the self-driving car. The safety issues of cars include:

Self-driving cars getting confused by the unexpected situations

Autonomous cars security from hackers.

Difficulty in interacting with human-driven cars.

System security from the hackers.

People are accepting self-driving cars under the idealized conditions than the realistic

scenarios at the initial deployment of technology. Self-driving motors reduce the traffic on

the roads and offer safety. The maps of self-driving cars are difficult to create and

sometimes it creates issues and causes safety issues. Self-driving cars require complex

social interactions that are tough for the robots. The sensors and trackers can be affected

by the bad weather. The manufactures need to go through the ethical issues of the self-

driving car. The accidents risks are possible in these types of cars. The security risks of

hacking are dangerous as someone can trace the track to hack the vehicle. Automatic cars

can easily hack by hackers so their privacy and security are very important.

The question that comes; what needs to be done if people can’t find the satisfactory

ethical system obeyed by self-driving cars? People should avoid the use the self-driving

motors if it doesn’t satisfy them. The developers are verifying the issues and trying to

remove the issues and forming an ethical system of self-driving cars. If it seems to be

dangerous and causes serious damage and has many risks, then it should be banned

before the makers find the accurate solution to overcome the problems of manufacturing

self-driving cars. They need to make the right action plan by using ethical frameworks.

Conclusion

Self-driving cars are expected to be on the streets and make decisions in critical situations

which involve the death and life of people. The decision-making processes of machine-

driven have an ethical dimension that is not investigated to impact cars’ acceptance. The

ethical framework impacts the proposed data to overcome the issues. The issues of self-

driving car programming the ethical issues. Self-driving cars are not allowed to be on

roads until the research makes the possible ethical solution. The ethical framework

investigated in the study to have the effect on the self-driving car acceptance implies the

action for involved stakeholders to decide the factor of success or failure of the self-

driving cars.

References

Karnouskos, S. (2018). Self-Driving Car Acceptance and the Role of Ethics. IEEE

Transactions on Engineering Management .

Nees, M. (2016). Acceptance of Self-driving Motors: An Examination of Idealized versus

Realistic Portrayals with a Self- driving Car Acceptance Scale.

Xu, G., Chen, Y., Shi, Y., & Zhan, F. (2020). The Determinants behind the Acceptance of

Autonomous Vehicles: A Systematic Review. Sustainability.

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