paradigma utilisasi teknologi informasi untuk...
TRANSCRIPT
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Paradigma Utilisasi
Teknologi Informasi
Untuk Industri
Prof. Kudang B. Seminar, MSc, PhD
02 September 2014
Definisi Teknologi Informasi TI)
Teknologi informasi (TI) adalah teknologi elektronik untuk
akuisisi, pengolahan, penyimpanan, produksi dan distribusi
informasi. . (Gunton, 1994)
Teknologi Komputer
Teknologi
Telekomunikasi
TI
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Performance
Control System
Data Info Process
Data Store
N E T W A R E
Sistem Informasi
Rantai Produksi Informasi
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Setiap enterprise (organisasi)
memiliki bisnis proses spesifik
yang selalu akan ditingkatkan
kinerjanya untuk merespon
tuntutan kepuasan stakeholders
dan perkembangan teknologi
Karakteristik Organisasi
*** Organization that does not evaluate deserves to die ***
Struktur Organisasi
Orang dan Kultur
Strategi Manajemen
Teknologi & Sistem Informasi
Bisnis Proses
Lingkungan Sosioteknologi
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Fungsi Teknologi & Re-Engineering
• “Technology is the technical means people use to
improve their surroundings. It is also knowledge of
using tools and machines to do tasks
efficiently.“(www.bergen.org/technology/defin.html ).
• Engineering (ingenerare) : menciptakan (to create);
Engineering : “professional art of applying science to
the optimum conversion of the resources of nature to
the benefit of man “ (Encyclopedia Britannica 1974)
Pentingnya TI bagi
Organisasi
• You like or you don’t like, sooner or later IT will influence your business [James o’Brien]
• “Company that cannot change the way it thinks about Information Technology cannot re-engineer” [Michael Hammer & James Champy]
• A lesson from green caterpillar: “Usually, a green caterpillar becomes bigger (quantitative change) rather than grows to be a butterfly (qualitative change) [Karl Albrech]
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Business Process OLD NEW
1. Work Units Functional Process
Departments Team
2. Jobs Simple Task Multi
Dimensional
Work
3. People’s Role Controlled Empowered
4. Performance Activity Result
Measure and
Compensation
5. Advancement Performance Ability
Criteria
6. Values Protective Productive
7. Organizational Hierarchical Flat
Structures
8. Executive Store Keepers Leaders
Fundamental Dramatic
Radical Process
[ Re-Engineering ]
Source: Reengineering The Corporation - Michael Hammer & James Champy
New World of Work NABEL, 3/7/2003
IT Utilization Low
High
Reengineering Rationalism
Current
Condition
Automation
(Computerization)
High
Reengineering & Information Technology
Bu
sin
ess P
roce
ss
Ree
ng
ine
erin
g
(BP
R)
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Paradigma Baru Utilisasi TI A paradigm is a mental frame of reference that dominates the way people think and act (Karl Albrech)
Visi dan misi manusia
Visi dan misi
enterprise/organisasi
Visi dan misi
kesejahteraan manusia
Paradigma Baru
Utilisasi TI
Information
Database
Knowledge
Visi & Misi Manusia Sebagai Pengelola Bumi
Pengembilan
keputusan
yang arif
(intelectually &
emotionally)
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Growth of Internet Hosts: Link people & assets via networks
Database
Search
System Portal
Portal
Portal
Array of
Portals
Portal
Portal
Portal
Info/Database
Info/Database
Info/Database
Information
System
Global
Sites
Visi dan misi kesejahteraan manusia: Link people , expertise & assets via Portal
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Visi & Visi Enterprise (Internetworked Enterprises)
• Internetworking : suatu bentuk hubungan, kerjasama (kolaborasi) atau kemitraan yang mendayagunakan TI (teknologi informasi) berbasis jaringan (internet, intranet, ekstranet)
• Trend: menuju pada Internetworked Enterprises (B-to-B, B-to-C, G-to-G, G-to-B, G-to-C)
Examples of Trust Domains
Treasury Debt
Equity Commercial
Banking
Credit Clearing
House
B2B – Financial Services
Suppliers Dealers
Transport
Agencies Manufacturers
Financing Fleet
B2B - Automotive
Car
Rental Hotel
Partner
Airlines Airline
Livery Cruise
Line
B2C – Travel Industry
401k 3d Party
Providers
Employee
Purchase
Plans
Dental
Insurance
Health
Insurance
Company
Intranet
B2E – Employee
Intranet
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Visi & Visi Enterprise: Creating a Virtual Company (VC)
• Adaptability
• Opportunism
• Excellence
• Technology
• Borderless
• Trust-based
VC is an organization that uses information
technology to link people, assets, and ideas.
Characteristics
Visi & Visi Enterprise: Organizational Applications
Consumer - Enterprise
Consumer - Consumer
Enterprise - Enterprise
Department - Department
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Global IT Management
Cultural, Political, Geo-economic challenges
Business/IT
Strategies Application
Portfolios
Technology
Platforms
Data
Management Systems
Development
Visi & Visi Enterprise: Become a Global Company
A global company is a business that is driven by a global
strategy which enables to plan and treat all its activities in
the context of a whole-world system, and therefore serve its
local and global customers with excellence.
Globalization
Technology
Efficient
Global
Markets
Global Business
Operation and Alliances
The Networked Global
Corporation
Drives of Change
Competitive Environment
Competitive Response Implementation
How Information Technology Support The Globalization
of Business?
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•ISO CERT. •ANTI DUMPING •ENERGY SAVING •RECYCLING
Domestic
Market Government
University
•Regulation
•Incentive
•Certification
•Apprenticeship
•Research
Global : WTO
Regional : APEC Sub-Regional : AFTA
Manufacturer
•HIGH QUALITY •COST •SPEED •GLOBAL MODEL
Competitiveness
Export
Market
•Vision
•Policy
Global Competitiveness NABEL, 3/7/2003
Design
Case 1: Design NABEL, 3/7/2003
Digital
Manufacturing
Black Box
Manufacturing Product
Planning
Research
Develop-
ment
Pre-
production
Mass
production Logistic
Marketing
& Service
Procure-
ment
Marketing
Pro
du
ct plan
nin
g
Cell
production
Supply Chain
Management
Tech
nolo
gy d
evelo
pm
ent
(standard
ization, co
mm
on p
art)
Promotion, PR
Su
pp
lier
Human
Resources Accounting
General
Affair
Cu
stom
er
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Manufaktur Berbasis TI
Audio
Factory
Air Conditioner
Factory
Refrigerator
Factory
Sortasi
Buah
Tomat Sortasi
berbasis TI
Sortasi
Manual
Standar Mutu Green Breakers Turning Pink Light Red Red
Fase Hijau Fase Masak
Hijau
Fase Pecah
Warna Fase Matang
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Penjadwalan Kerja Berbasis TI
PT. Sinar Bakti Utama, lokasi: Cimanggis, Bogor.
• Produk berupa meubel kayu (meja, kursi, lemari, daun
pintu, dll) untuk permintaan dalam negeri dan ekspor
• Jumlah Jenis Mesin = 17 buah (2-8 buah/jenis mesin)
Jumlah Jenis Produk = 82 buah
Banyak mesin idle
Pekerja mengeluhkan
ketidakpastian jadwal
Keterlambatan pesanan
Problem:
Data
Produ
ksi
No Nama Alat Produksi Fungsi Jumlah
1 Band Saw Membelah kayu gelondongan menjadi papan 4 unit
2 Rip Saw Memotong papan (vertikal) 4 unit
3 Cross-cut Saw Memotong papan (horisontal) 2 unit
4 Thicknessing Planner Pembuatan komponen kecil 2 unit
5 Tennoner Pembuatan komponen sambungan kayu 4 unit
6 Morticer Pembuatan komponen sambungan kayu 4 unit
7 Spidle Moulder Pembuatan komponen kecil 2 unit
8 Router Pembuatan komponen kecil 4 unit
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Output Penjadwalan Produksi Mebel
PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI KRISAN POTONG:
ALAM INDAH BUNGA NUSANTARA, CIPANAS
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PERENCANAAN PRODUKSI KRISAN POTONG:
ALAM INDAH BUNGA NUSANTARA, CIPANAS
Siklus Pertanian Presisi
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Promosi E-Commerce
Invitation to
Panasonic
Scholarship
Application
Process
Evaluation of
Candidates
Through 6 major Universities,
PS Office distributes guideline
& application form
Through Internet
Fill in paper application based
on guideline, and send
complete form to PS Office
Fill in e-Application,
parameters are defined by PS
Office
• Collect, validate & input data
• Sorting based on criteria
• Distribute by each major
• List up 40 candidates
All done manually and using
spread sheet
• Download from Internet
• Execute sorting program
• List up 40 candidates
• Send result using Internet
Manual job only confirming
semifinalist data
Man Power
Used for
Screening 15 man days
Number of
Applicants
[ 1999 ]
83 [ 2000 ]
1,155 [ 2001 ]
1,836 [ 2002 ]
1,920
[ 1999 - Before BPR ] [ 2000~2 - After BPR ]
2 man days
Case 3: Panasonic Scholarship NABEL, 3/7/2003
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Case 3: PS e-Application
0001,Rudi,Raharja,[email protected],21,8711225,23,M,S,1998,…,PRI,4,N,1,3.65
0002,Budi,Hartono,[email protected],,5307222,25,M,S,1996,…,GOV,2,N,4,3.17
0003,Mely,Retnowati,,,8710221,22,F,S,2000,…,LEC,0,N,2,3.35
0004,etc...
Corporate Website - Microsoft Internet Explorer
File Edit View Go Favorites Help
Panasonic Scholarship
"Panasonic Scholarship e-Application"
First Name Noor
Family Name Fithriyani
Email Address [email protected]
Telephone Number
Age
Male FemaleSex
23
[2]. ACADEMIC INFORMATION
5238119
Year of Graduation
University/Institute Institut Teknologi Bandung
Major Field Civil Engineering
GPA (minimum 3.00) 3.74
021
Marital Status Single Married
[1]. PERSONAL INFORMATION
(Example: 3.74)
Major Field of Further Education Plan Engineering
, if "Other", mention university name
Area Code Number
1998 November
Japanese Language Proficiency Test (JLPT)
[3]. NON ACADEMIC INFORMATION
Level 3
, if "None", Japanese language study Less than 300 hours More than 300 hoursNever
years old
(*)
(**)
Table 1
Table ...
html+Java
CGI program
Validate & scoring
Website
Registration
(csv)
WEB Server
-Sorting based on criteria
-Distribute by each major
-Summary first 50 candidates
Spreadsheet PANASONIC
SCHOLARSHIP
SEMIFINALIST
Scoring system (see Table 1 ~ Table 10):
1). Total Score = (gpa x vuniv x 40%) +
(jlpt x 20%) + (sjpn x 20%) +
(toefl x 10%) + (acc x 30%)
2). Sorting basis:
(1). Total Score
(2). GPA
(3). Acceptance by University in Japan
(4). JLPT level
(5). TOEFL score
Internet
[ PS e-Application ]
[ Applicants ]
Fill in e-Application thru web
[ Panasonic Scholarship Office ]
NABEL, 3/7/2003
Kesimpulan
• Paradigma pendayagunaan teknologi informasi (TI) haruslah mengedapankan visi dan misi manusia sebagai pengelola cerdas secara intelektual dan emosional,
• visi dan misi kesejahteraan umat manusia secera kolektif dan berkelanjutan,
• Visi dan misi enterprise/organisasi dalam mengelola proses-bisnis untuk melakukan berbagai kemanfaatan dan dayasaing yang maksimal bagi lingkungan universal (global) yang bermartabat dan terpuji.
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Kesimpulan (lanjutan…)
• Dengan paradigma tersebut perencanaan, pembangunan dan pengembagan TI dan SI harus memiliki tujuan yang jelas dan indikator keberhasilan yang terukur bagi individu maupun organisasi (enterprise), sehingga tidak boros, kontraproduktif, dan salah sasaran. Pelayanan masyarakat (kustomer) yang prima dengan berbagai dinamika kultur, budaya, perkembangan teknologi, dan tuntutan global menjadi peluang, tantangan, dan sekaligus target pendayagunaan TI
dan SI di masa mendatang
Kontemplasi
• Teknologi Informasi yang hadir didepan kita haruslah kita syukuri dengan lebih banyak mau berfikir kreatif untuk mendayagunakan TI dalam mewujudkan kinerja individu dan organisasi serta kemanfaatan universal sekaligus memusnahkan kemungkaran dan kebodohan.