NON AQUEOUS SOLVENTSDr.rer.nat. Risfidian Mohadi, M.Si

Introduction• Pelarut nonair anorganik adalah pelarut lainnya

selain air, yang bukan senyawa organik. contoh adalah amonia cair, sulfur dioksida cair, sulfuryl klorida dan fluridef sulfurychloride, fosforil klorida, dinitrogen tetroksida, triklorida antimon, bromin pentafluoride, hidrogen fluorida, asam sulfat murni dan asam anorganik lainnya. Pelarut ini digunakan dalam penelitian kimia dan industri untuk reaksi.

Pertanyaan

• Apakah senyawa berikut termasuk non aqueous solvent ?

A. NH3 B.Liquid SO2 C.HF D.All

Classification of solvents

• Klasifikasi pelarut berdasarkan proton.• Klasifikasi pelarut berdasarkan pelarut polar

dan non-polar.• Klasifikasi bahan pelarut pada Aqueous and

non- aqueous solvents

protic solvents (e.g. HF, H2SO4, MeOH); aprotic solvents (e.g. N2O4, BrF3); coordinating solvents (e.g. MeCN, Et2O, Me2CO).

A protic solvent undergoes self-ionization to provide protons which are solvated.

If it undergoes self ionization, an aprotic solvent does so without the formation of protons.

Using non-aqueous solvents are limited many are highly reactive.

• Protic or protoni solvents2NH3 NH⇌ 4

+ (ammonium) + NH2− (amide)

3HF H⇌ 2F+ + HF2- (hydrogen difluoride)

2H2SO4 H⇌ 3SO4+ + HSO4

-

– (A)Acidic or protogenic solvents.H2SO4,HCL,CH3COOH,HCN.– (B) Basic or protophilic solvents.NH3, N2H4.

• Aprotic or non- protonic solvents.• C6H6,CHCl3,CCl4,SO2.

N2O4 NO⇌ + (nitrosonium) + NO3− (nitrate)

2SbCl3 SbCl⇌ 2+ (dichloroantimonium) + SbCl4

- (tetrachloroantimonate) POCl3 POCl⇌ 2

+ + POCl4-

Pertanyaan

• Mana yang termasuk Amphiprotic solvents? 1 H2SO4 2 HCl 3 H2O 4 CHCl3

1-Amphiprotic solvents

It is present hydrogen in solvents. Example.H2O

2-Polar and non-polar solvents.H2O,NH3,SO2. is polar.C6H6,CCl4. is non-polar.3-Aqueous and non aqueous.H2O.NH3,SO2,….etc

Pertanyaan

• Mana yang termasuk protonic solvent? 1 HCN 2 CHCl3 3 SO2 4 CCl4

Physical properties of solvents

• Melting point and boiling point.• Dielectric constant.• Viscosity.

V(V)Cr(VI)

Mn(VII)

Reaksi Kimia

• Acid base reaction.• Precipitation reaction.• Redox reaction.• Solvation reaction.

Pertanyaan

Agcl dengan Ba(NO3) membentuk …? Bacl2 solution.Bacl2 presipitation.AgNO3.No reaction.