materi metper analisis

BUILDING

LINGKUNGAN

TEKNOLOGI

IKLIM

TEKNOLOGI

BUDAYA

MATERIAL

ATURAN

ESTETIKA

MANUSIA

ANALISISSINTESIS

IKLIM

TEKNOLOGI

LINGKUNGAN

ESTETIKA

MANUSIA

MATERIAL

TEKNOLOGI

BUDAYA

TEKNOLOGI

LINGKUNGAN

ESTETIKA

MANUSIA

EKONOMI

TEKNOLOGI

KEAMANAN

ROBERT G. HERSBERGER

ISSUES

BUDAYA

TEKNOLOGI

LINGKUNGAN

ESTETIKA

MANUSIA

EKONOMI

TEKNOLOGI

KEAMANAN

PALMER

FACTORS

HUMAN FACTORS PHYSICAL FACTORS EXTERNAL FACTORS

ActivitiesBehaviourObjective / GoalsOrganization-hierarchy-groups-position-classification-leadershipCharacteristics (Demographics)Social ForcesInteractions-communication-Relationship-Transfer of materials, etc.Policies / CodesAttitudes / ValuesCustoms / BeliefsPerceptionsPreferencesQualities-compfort-productivity-efficiency-security-safety-acces-privacy-territory-control-convenience

Location-region-locality-community’-vicinitySite ConditionBuilding / FacilityEnvelopeStructureSystems-engineering-communications-lighting-securitySpace-types-dimensions-relationshipsEquipment / FurnishingMaterial / FinishesSupport Services-storage-parking-acces-waste removal-utilities (water, sewag, telephone)UsesFunctionsBehaviour / Activity SettingOperationsCirculationEnvironment-comfort-visual-acousticalEnergy Use / ConservationDurability / Flexibility

Legal Restrictions (Codes/standard/regulation)-building-land use-system-energy-environment-materials-safety-solar accesTopographyClimateEcologyResources AvailabiliytEnergy supplies / Prices- convensional- solar- AlternativeEconomyFinancingTime -schedule-deadlines-operationsCosts / Budget-constructions-materials-services-operationsCosts / Benefits

GOALS FACTS CONCEPTS NEEDS PROBLEM

FUNCTIONPeopleActivitiesRelationship

MissionMaximum numberIndividual identityInteraction/privacyHierarchy of valuePrime activitiesSecurityProgressionSegregationEncountersTransportation / parkingEfficiency’Priority of relationship

Statistical dataArea parametersPersonel forecastUser characteristicCommunity characteristicOrganizational structureValue of potential lossTime-motion studyTraffic analysisBehavioural patternsSpace adequacyType/intensityPhysically challenged guideline

Service groupingPeople groupingActivity groupingPriorityHierarchySequential flowSeparated flowMixed flowFunctional relationshipscommunication

Area requirements By organization By space type By time By locationParking requirementsOutdoor space requirementsFunctional alternatives

Unique and important Performance requirements that will shape building design

FORMSiteEnvironmentQuality

Bias on site elementsEnvironmental responseEfficient land useCommunity relationCommunity improvementPhysical comfortLife savetySocial / pshychological environmentIndividualityWayfindingProjected imageClient expectations

Site analysisSoil analysisFAR and GACClimate analysisCode surveySurroundingsPshychological implicationsPoint of reference / entryCost/SFBuilding or lay out efficiencyEquipment costArea per unit

EnhancementsSpecial foundationDensityEnvironmental controlsSafetyNeighborsHome base / officing conceptsOn-premise : fixed, free, group addressOff premise : satellite, telecommuting, virtual officeOrientationAccessibilityCharacterQuality control

Site development costsEnvironmental influences on costsBuilding costs / SFBuilding overall efficiency factors

Major form considerations thay will affect building design

ECONOMYInitial BudgetOperating CostLifecycle Cost

Extent of fundCost effectivenessMaximum returnReturn on investmentMinimizing of operating costsMaintenance and operating costsReduction of life cycle costssustainabilty

Cost parametersMaximum budgetTime-use factorsMarket analysisEnergy source costActivities and climate factorsEconomic dataLEED rating system

Cost controlEfficient allocationMultifunctional / versatilityMerchandisingEnergy conservationCost reductionrecycling

Budget estimate analysisBalance budgetCash flow analysisEnergy budgetOperating costsGreen building ratingLife cycle costs

Attitude toward the initial budget and its influence on the fabric and geometry of the building

TIMEPastPresentFuture

Historic preservationStatic / dynamic activitiesChangeGrowthOccupancy dateAvailability of fund

SignificanceSpace parametersActivitiesProjectionsDurationEscalation factors

AdaptabilityToleranceConvertibilityExpansibilityLinear / concurrent schedulingphasing

EscalationTime scheduleTime/cost schedule

Implication of change and growth on long-range performance

PENTAHAPAN DALAM DESIGN

INPUT PROSES OUTPUT

PROSES PERANC. HASIL PERANC.

PROGRAMMING DESAIN

IDENTIFIKASI MASALAH

PERUMUSAN MASALAH

PENYUSUNAN PROGRAM

TRANSFORMASI DESAIN PEMECAHAN

MASALAH

PROBLEM SEEKING PROBLEM SOLVING

A N A L I S I S S I N T E S I S

RASIONAL

INTUITIF/KREATIF

PROSES DESAIN


INPUT PROSES OUTPUT


PROGRAMMING DESAIN


PERUMUSAN MASALAH

PENYUSUNAN PROGRAM


MASALAH


R A S I O N A L KREATIF /

INTUITIF

LANGKAH TIM Mc.GINTY R.WHITAKER H.RITTLE J.C.JONES AIA

IPERMULAAN /

KETIDAKSEIMBANGAN

PENGENALAN

DEFINISI

IDENTIFIKASI MASALAH GAGASAN

II PERSIAPAN

PERSIAPAN

ANALISIS

KUMPULKAN

ANALISIS

INFORMASI

INFORMASI

ANALISIS

JASA-JASA PRADESAIN

III PENGAJUAN USUL

SINTESIS

LOMPATAN

KREATIF

PEMECAHAN

SINTESIS

DESAIN SISTEMATIS PENGEMBANGAN

DESAIN

IV EVALUASI

EVALUASI

KOMUNIKASI DAN

TINDAKAN

EVALUASI

V TINDAKAN

EVALUASI

REEVALUASI

OPTIMASI DOKUMEN KONTRAK

BEBERAPA CONTOH PENTAHAPAN DALAM DESIGN

“Synthesis on the other hand is characterised by an attemp to move forward and create a response to the problem. Essentially, synthesis, is the generating of solution. ( Bryan Lawson 1980 : 27)

Problem Solution

WE CONTEND THAT PROBLEM SOLVING IS A VALID APPROACH TO DESIGN; THEREFORE,PROBLEM DEFINITION SHOULD BE THE FIRST

STEP IN THE DESIGN PROCESS

Analysis Synthesis

SUCCESSFUL PROGRAMMING RELIES ON ANALYSIS. SUCCESSFUL DESIGN RELIES ON SYNTHESIS

1 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 5Algorithmic Heuristic

PROGRAMMING IS HEURISTIC : STEPS ARE NOT RIGOROUSLY SEQUENTIAL, AND INFORMATION IS HARDLY EVER PRECISE OR COMPLETE

PROGRAMMING NEED ABSTRACT THINKING-KEEPING PART MALLEABLE, JELLYLIKE,AND LOOSE UNTIL DESIGN SYNTHESIZES THE PHYSICAL

SOLUTION

IDEALLY,WE SHOULD HAVE BOTH FEEDFORWARD AND FEEDBACK. THE BUILDING PROGRAM,AS INFORMATION FEEDFORWARD, FORMS THE BASIS

OF DESIGN. THE EVALUATION, AS INFORMATION FEEDBACK, OFFERS REFINEMENT OF DESIGN

AS PROGRAMMERS, WHEN WE SEARCH FOR A CLEAR,RASIONAL STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM, OUR MINDS MUST THINK OBJECTIVELY

Feedforward Feedback

Program Design Design Evaluation

Art

ARTISTIC ACTIVITIES EMPHASIZE INTUITIVE,SUBJECTIVE THINKING. SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES EMPAHASIZE LOGICAL,OBJECTIVE THINKING.

ARCHITECTURE DEALS WITH BOTH

UNLESS EMPATHIC TO OTHER VIEWS-TO HOW OTHER SPECIALIST THINK-AN INDIVIDUAL PROBABLY WON’T MAKE A GOOD MEMBER OF THE TEAM AS

EITHER A PROGRAMMER OR AS A DESIGNER

Problem Solution


INPUT PROSES OUTPUT


PROGRAMMING DESAIN


PERUMUSAN MASALAH PENYUSUNA

N PROGRAM


MASALAH


R A S I O N A L KREATIF /

INTUITIF

DESIGN P R O B L E M DESIGN S O L U T I O N

PROBLEM DISAIN TIDAK DAPAT DIUNGKAPKAN DALAM SATU PERNYATAAN YANG KOMPREHENSIF (design problems cannot be comprehensively stated)

KARAKTER DESIGN PROBLEMperkuliahan Minggu ke-7

1

PROBLEM DISAIN MEMBUTUHKAN INTERPRETASI YANG SUBYEKTIF (design problems require subjective interpretation)

2

3 PROBLEM DISAIN CENDERUNG MUNCUL DAN DISUSUN SECARA BERJENJANG (design problems tend to be organized hirarchically)

TERDAPAT SOLUSI YANG TIDAK TERHINGGA UNTUK SETIAP PERMASALAHAN (there are an inexhaustible number of different solutions)

1

2 SULIT UNTUK MENDAPATKAN SOLUSI DISAIN YANG BETUL-BETUL OPTIMAL DALAM PEMECAHAN SUATU PERMASALAHAN DISAIN (there are no optimal solution to design problems)

KARAKTER DESIGN SOLUTION

KARAKTER DESIGN PROCESS

1

2

3

4

PROSES DISAIN TIDAK PERNAH BERAKHIR (the design process is endles)

TIDAK ADA PROSES DISAIN YANG BENAR ATAU SALAH SECARA MUTLAK (there is no infallibly correct process)

DALAM PROSES DISAIN PADA HAKEKATNYA TERDAPAT PROSES PENCARIAN SEKALIGUS PENYELESAIAN MASALAH (the process involves finding as well as solving problems)

KEPASTIAN SUATU HASIL AKHIR DISAIN MENYANGKUT PENILAIAN YANG SUBYEKTIF (design inevitably involves subjective value judgement)

5

6

DESIGN MERUPAKAN KEGIATAN PRESKRIPTIF (design is a prescriptive activity)

PERANCANG BEKERJA DALAM KONTEKS KEBUTUHAN AKAN AKSI (designers work in the context of a need for action)

materi metper analisis

Engineering