Persepsi Persepsi

pemberian makna (interpretasi) dari pemberian makna (interpretasi) dari

pesan sensoris

�� Proses terjadinya persepsi pada setiap manusia Proses terjadinya persepsi pada setiap manusia

samasama

�� Beberapa aspek dari persepsi bersifat unik Beberapa aspek dari persepsi bersifat unik

untuk beberapa kelompok budaya untuk beberapa kelompok budaya untuk beberapa kelompok budaya untuk beberapa kelompok budaya

Learning experience (proses belajar)

Memory

Motive

Emotion

Persepsi visualPersepsi visualPersepsi visualPersepsi visualPersepsi visualPersepsi visualPersepsi visualPersepsi visual

�� Sebelum informasi sensoris diinterpretasi Sebelum informasi sensoris diinterpretasi

harus diorganisasikan harus diorganisasikan

Perceptual organizationPerceptual organization

PRINSIP GESTALT

The whole is different from the sum of the parts

HukumHukum--hukum Gestalthukum Gestalt

�� ClosureClosure

�� SimilaritySimilarity

�� ProximityProximity

�� ContinuityContinuity

�� Figure and groundFigure and ground

ClosureClosure

�� ClosureClosure occurs when an object is occurs when an object is incompleteincomplete

or a space is not or a space is not completely enclosedcompletely enclosed. If . If

enough of the shape is indicated, people enough of the shape is indicated, people

percieve the whole by filling in the missing percieve the whole by filling in the missing

infomation.infomation.infomation.infomation.

SimilaritySimilarity

�� SimilaritySimilarity occurs when occurs when objects look similarobjects look similar to to

one another. People often perceive them as a one another. People often perceive them as a

group or pattern. group or pattern.

ProximityProximity

�� ProximityProximity occurs when elements are placed occurs when elements are placed

close together. They tend to be perceived as a close together. They tend to be perceived as a

group. group.

ContinuityContinuity

�� Continuation occurs Continuation occurs

when the eye is when the eye is

compelled to compelled to move move

throughthrough one object and one object and

continuecontinue to another to another continuecontinue to another to another

object. object.

Figure and groundFigure and ground

�� The eye differentiates The eye differentiates

an object form its an object form its

surrounding area. a surrounding area. a

form, silhouette, or form, silhouette, or

shape is naturrally shape is naturrally shape is naturrally shape is naturrally

perceived as perceived as figurefigure

(object), while the (object), while the

surrounding area is surrounding area is

perceived as perceived as groundground

(background).(background).

Konstansi dalam persepsiKonstansi dalam persepsi

�� Brightness constancyBrightness constancy

�� Color constancyColor constancy

�� Size constancySize constancy

�� Shape constancyShape constancy

Persepsi kedalamanPersepsi kedalaman

(depth perception)(depth perception)

1.1. IsyaratIsyarat--isyarat monokuler: isyarat yang diperoleh isyarat monokuler: isyarat yang diperoleh

dengan penglihatan satu matadengan penglihatan satu mata

�� Gradient of textureGradient of texture

�� Linear perspectiveLinear perspective

�� SuperpositionSuperposition

�� ShadowShadow

�� Speed of movementSpeed of movement

�� Aerial perspectiveAerial perspective

�� AccomodationAccomodation

�� Vertical positionVertical position

2.2. Isyarat binokulerIsyarat binokuler

persepsi mengenai kedalaman dapat terjadi persepsi mengenai kedalaman dapat terjadi

karena bekerja kedua belah matakarena bekerja kedua belah mata

�� KonvergensiKonvergensi

�� Retinal disparityRetinal disparity�� Retinal disparityRetinal disparity

IllusionIllusion

�� Terjadi karena salah mempersepsi stimulus Terjadi karena salah mempersepsi stimulus

eksternal eksternal

ContohContoh--contoh ilusicontoh ilusi

�� Ponzo illusionPonzo illusion

�� Muller Lyer illusionMuller Lyer illusion

Ponzo Illusion Ponzo Illusion

Muller Lyer IllusionMuller Lyer Illusion

�� http://www.psychhttp://www.psych--ology.co.uk/Perception.htmlology.co.uk/Perception.html

�� http://www.wwnorton.com/college/psych/psychttp://www.wwnorton.com/college/psych/psyc

hsci/ch5_overview.htmhsci/ch5_overview.htm