kuliah 2 (1)
TRANSCRIPT
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Kuliah 2
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UTS:1. Ruang lingkup analisis makroekonomi dan perhitungan
pendapatan nasional2. Model analisis IS-LM3. Kebijakan fiskal4. Kebijakan moneter5. Kebijakan fiskal dan moneter dalam model IS-LM
UAS:1. Uang, institusi keuangan dan penawaran uang2. Penawaran uang dan kegiatan ekonomi3. Tingkat harga dan kegiatan ekonomi
4. Pertumbuhan ekonomi5. Pengangguran, inflasi, dan kebijakan Pemerintah6. Perdagangan luar negeri, proteksi dan globalisasi7. Neraca pembayaran, kurs valas, dan kegiatan
perekonomian terbuka
Rincian lebih lanjut dapat dilihat di GBPP
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Great depression in 1933John Maynard Keynescriticized classical
theory for assuming that aggregate supplyalonecapital, labor, and technologydetermines national income.
Now we turn our study of economicfluctuations by looking more closely at
aggregate demand.
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Pasar komoditas dan Kurva IS (Investment-Saving)
Pasar uang dan Kurva LM (Liquidity andMoney Supply)
Equilibrium dalam Model IS-LM
UTS 2
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In The General Theory, Keynes proposed that aneconomys total income was, inthe short run,determined largely by the desire to spend byhouseholds, firms, and the government.
Actual expenditureis the amount households,firms, and the government spend on goods andservices, and it equals the economys grossdomestic product.
Planned expenditureis the amount households,firms, and the government would like to spendon goods and services.
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Derive IS function using equation:
Kalau fungsi konsumsi dan fungsi investasi masing-masing mempunyai persamaan :
C = Co + cY, di mana 0 < c =C
< 1YI = Io + er, di mana e = I < 0
rmaka kita menemukan :
Y = EY = C + I
Y = (Co + cY) + (Io + er)Y = Co + cY + Io + erY cY = Co + Io + er(1 c)Y = Co + Io +erY = Co + Io +er
(1 c)
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Goods Market:
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Financial Market:
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IS Curve:
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History of money Barter
Commodity money
Money backup with commodity
Fiat money (paper & coin currency)
The Function of Money: medium of exchange a unit of account/measurement a store of value
Motive Money Demand Transaction motive Precautionary motive
Speculative motive: spekulasi dalam surat-surat berharga
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A B
b
a
L2
L2
rTing
sukbunga
Jumlah uanguntuk tujuan spekulasi
10
20
30
40
50
pendapatan nasional riil (Y)
L
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
L1=0,4Y
LT=0,25Y
Lj=0,15Y
T
J
AK1
LT,LJ,L1
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Central Bank tools to change money supply Rediscount Policy: menaikkan/menurunkan tingkat
bunga pinjaman dari Bank Sentral kepada Bank Open Market Operation: menjual/membeli surat
berharga Pemerintah Legal Reserve Ratio: changing the proportion of
total assets that banks must hold in reserve withthe central bank
Selective Credit Control: melalui pengaturankebijakan kredit oleh bank
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Permintaan uang untuk transaksi dan jaga-jagaL
1= k
1Y
Permintaan uang untuk spekulasi :
L2 = k2r + L20
Maka : M = k1Y + k2r + L20(6)
Jumlah uang yang beredar : M= 200 milyar rupiah
Permintaan uang untuk transaksi : LT
= 0,25Y
Permintaan uang untuk berjaga-jaga: LJ = 0,15 Y
Permintaan uang untuk spekulasi : L2 = 160 4r
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Monetarism believesmoney supply growthcauses inflation
quantity equation
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Terima Kasih