kuliah 1-npm
TRANSCRIPT
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Characteristics of NPM by Christopher Hood
1. Profesionalism in public sector
2. The existence of performance standard and
performance measure
3. The emphasis on control of output andoutcome
4.
Split of organization unit
5. Competition in public sector
6.Adoption of private sector management style
into public sector
7. Discipline and economic used of resources
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Characteristics of NPM by Mathiasen (1999)
1.
A closer focus on results in terms of efficiency, effectiveness, and quality of
service
2. The replacement of highly centralized, hierarchical structures by decentralized
management environments where decisions on resource allocation and
service delivery are made closer to the point of delivery
3. The flexibility to explore alternatives to direct public provision and regulation
that might yield more cost-effective policy outcomes
4.
A greater focus on efficiency in the services provided directly by the public
sector, involving the establishment of productivity targets and the creation of
competitive environments within and among public sector organizations
5. The strengthening of strategic capacities at the center to guide the evolution of
the state and allow it to respond to external changes and diverse interests
automatically flexibly, and at least cost.
Adoption of Business Sector Management Style
Private sector
management model
Need to be efficient and competitive
Cost Efficiency &
Effectiveness
Competitive
Flexible
Adaptive
Responsive
Customer Focus
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Reinventing Government by David Osborne &
Ted Gaebler
1. Catalytic Government: Steering Rather Than Rowing
2. Community-Owned Government: Empowering Rather Than Serving
3. Competitive Government: Injecting Competition into Service Delivery
4. Mission-Driven Government: Transforming Rule-Driven Organizations
5. Results-Oriented Government: Funding Outcomes, Not Inputs
6. Customer-Driven Government: Meeting the Needs of the Customer, Notthe Bureaucracy
7. Enterprising Government: Earning Rather Than Spending
8. Anticipatory Government: Prevention Rather Than Cure
9. Decentralized Government: From Hierarchy to Participation and
Teamwork
10. Market-Oriented Government: Leveraging Change Through the Market
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