SENGKETA PELANGGARAN DIPLOMATIK TERHADAP TINDAKAN SPIONASE OLEH

DIPLOMAT AMERIKA SERIKAT DI NEGARA VENEZUELA

Sarah Farida Ainun (135120407121004)Yoska Rini Dhara Anindhita (135120407121029)

Pada tahun 2006, terdapat sebuah kasus atase Angkatan Laut Kedutaan Besar Amerika Serikat di Venezuela yang dituduh melakukan praktik mata-mata atau spionase di Venezuela dengan berkedok misi diplomatik • Tindakan mata-mata atau

spionase yang merupakan istilah dalam internasional yang merujuk pada tindakan-tindakan untuk memperoleh data atau hal-hal yang bersifat rahasia tanpa izin dari pemilik yang sah dari informasi tersebut.“Bagaimana Kasus Spionase yang

merupakan pelanggaran diplomatik yang dilakukan oleh perwakilan diplomatik Amerika Serikat di negara Venezuela menurut Konvensi Wina tahun 1961 ?”

E S P I O N

A G E!!INFORMATION!!

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Overview

Permasalahan

2006

AS VENEZUELAPersona non-

Grata

Atase AL

John Correa SPIONASE

Jenny Figueredo Frias

ResponWakil MenluMari Pili Hernandez

Konvensi Wina 1961

Pasal 3 Konvensi Wina yang menjelaskan bahwa :

“The functions of a diplomatic mission consist, inter alia, in :(a) representing the sending State in the receiving State;

(b) protecting in the receiving State the interests of the sending State and of its nationals, within the limits permitted by international law;(c) negotiating with the Government of the receiving State;

(d) ascertaining by all lawful means conditions and developments in the receiving State, and reporting there on to the Government of the sending State;

(e) promoting friendly relations between the sending State and the receiving State, anddeveloping their economic, cultural and scientific relations.”

(d) ascertaining by all lawful means conditions and developments in the receiving State, and reporting there on to the Government of the sending State;

Tugas dan Fungsi perwakilan diplomatik dan konsuler

Persona non-Grata Pasal 9 Ayat (1)Konvensi Wina 1961

“The receiving State may at any time and without having to explain its decision, notify the sending State that the head of the mission or any member of the diplomatic staff of the mission is persona non grata or that any other member of the staff of the mission is not acceptable. In any such case, the sending State shall, as appropriate, either recall the person concerned or terminate his functions with the mission. A person may be declared non grata or not acceptable before arriving in the territory of the receiving State.”

Diluar Mekanisme Persona non-GrataKonvensi Wina 1961

Optional Protocol Concerning Compulsory Settlement of Disputes of Viena Convention on Diplomatic Relation

18 April 1961

Setiap pihak yang berselisih dapat mengajukan permohonan untuk penyelesaian sengketa ke International Court of Justice (ICJ), tetapi sebelum mengajukan ke ICJ pihak bersengketa dapat melakukan penyelesaian dengan cara arbitrase dan konsoliasi seperti yang diatur pada :

Optional ProtocolKonvensi Wina 1961

Pasal 2 :

“The parties may agree, within a period of two months after one party has notified its opinion to the other that a dispute exists, to resort not to the International Court of Justice but to an arbitral tribunal. After the expiry of the said period, either party

may bring the dispute before the Court by an application.”

Pasal 13 Ayat (1) :

“The conciliation commission shall make its recommendations within five months after its appointment. If its recommendations are not accepted by the parties to the dispute within two months after they have been delivered, either party may

bring the dispute before the Court by an application.”

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intelligence of the army for the purposes of spying, and thereby they achieve great results