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ANALISIS PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
TERHADAP HUBUNGAN ASIMETRI INFORMASI
DENGAN MANAJEMEN LABA
Disusun Oleh:
DWI RANGGA SETO
NIM. 115020300111106
SKRIPSI
Disusun Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat Untuk Meraih Derajat Sarjana Ekonomi
JURUSAN AKUNTANSI
FAKULTAS EKKONOMI DAN BISNIS
UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA
MALANG
2015
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HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN
Skripsi dengan judul:
ANALISIS PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
TERHADAP HUBUNGAN ASIMETRI INFORMASI
DENGAN MANAJEMEN LABA
Yang disusun oleh:
Nama : Dwi Rangga Seto
NIM : 115020300111106
Fakultas : Ekonomi dan Bisnis
Jurusan : Akuntansi
Disetujui untuk digunakan dalam ujian komprehensif
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Malang, 10 September 2015
Dosen Pembimbing
( Prof. Dr. Sutrisno T., Ak., CA.)NIP. 195604031985031003
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN
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PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS
Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini:
Nama : Dwi Rangga Seto
NIM : 115020300111106
Fakultas : Ekonomi dan Bisnis
Jurusan : Akuntansi
Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa Skripsi yang saya susun dengan judul:
ANALISIS PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
TERHADAP HUBUNGAN ASIMETRI INFORMASI
DENGAN MANAJEMEN LABA
adalah benar-benar hasil karya saya sendiri dan bukan merupakan plagiat dari
Skripsi orang lain. Apabila kemudian hari pernyataan saya tidak benar, maka saya
bersedia menerima sanksi akademis yang berlaku.
demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya, untuk dapat dipergunakan
bilamana diperlukan.
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Malang, 10 September 2015
Pembuat Pernyataan
( Dwi Rangga Seto )NIM. 115020300111106
RIWAYAT HIDUP
Nama : Dwi Rangga Seto
Jenis Kelamin : Laki-Laki
Tempat / Tanggal Lahir : Banyuwangi, 04 Nopember 1992
Agama : Islam
Status : Belum Menikah
Alamat Rumah : Dusun Kumbo RT. 02 RW. 03, Desa Gumirih, Kecamatan Singojuruh, Kabupaten Banyuwangi - Jawa Timur.
Alamat Email : [email protected]
Pendidikan Formal:
Sekolah Dasar (1999-2005) : SD Negeri 1 Singojuruh
SMP (2005-2008) : SMP Negeri 1 Genteng
SMA (2008-2011) : SMA Negeri 1 Rogojampi
Perguruan Tinggai (20011-2015) : S1 Akuntansi Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Universitas Brawijaya.
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PERUNTUKAN
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MOTTO
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KATA PENGANTAR
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL....................................................................................... i
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN....................................................................... ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN........................................................................ iii
PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS................................................................ iv
RIWAYAT HIDUP......................................................................................... v
PERUNTUKAN.............................................................................................. vi
MOTTO........................................................................................................... vii
KATA PENGANTAR.................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR ISI................................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR TABEL........................................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR GAMBAR...................................................................................... xiv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN................................................................................... xv
ABSTRAKSI................................................................................................... xvi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang................................................................................ 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah........................................................................... 5
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian............................................................................ 5
1.4 Kontribusi Penelitian...................................................................... 6
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA.................................................................... 7
2.1 Landasan Teori.............................................................................. 7
2.1.1 Laporan Keuangan............................................................. 7
2.1.2 Teori Keagenan.................................................................. 7
2.1.3 Asimetri Informasi............................................................. 10
2.1.4 Teori Bid-ask Spread......................................................... 12
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2.1.5 Manajemen Laba................................................................ 14
2.1.6 Corporate Governance...................................................... 21
2.1.6.1 Kepemilikan Manajerial...................................... 25
2.1.6.2 Kepemilikan Institusional.................................... 26
2.1.6.3 Dewan Komisaris................................................. 27
2.1.6.4 Komite Audit....................................................... 29
2.1.7 Ukuran Perusahaan............................................................ 30
2.2 Penelitian Terdahulu...................................................................... 31
2.3 Kerangka Pemikiran...................................................................... 34
2.4 Hipotesis Penelitian....................................................................... 35
2.4.1 Kepemilikan Institusional, Asimetri Informasi dan
Manajemen laba................................................................... 36
2.4.2 Kepemilikan Manajerial, Asimetri Informasi dan
Manajemen Laba.................................................................. 37
2.4.3 Komposisi Dewan Komisaris, Asimetri Informasi dan
Manajemen Laba.................................................................. 38
2.4.4 Ukuran Komite Audit, Asimetri Informasi dan Manajemen
Laba...................................................................................... 38
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN................................................................ 40
3.1 Variabel Penelitian dan Definisi Operasional................................ 40
3.1.1 Variabel Independen.......................................................... 40
3.1.2 Variabel Dependen............................................................. 41
3.1.3 Variabel Pemoderasi.......................................................... 42
3.1.4 Variabel Kontrol................................................................ 43
3.2 Penentuan Sampel.......................................................................... 45
3.3 Sumber Data.................................................................................. 45
3.4 Metode Pengumpulan Data............................................................ 45
3.5 Metode Analisis Data..................................................................... 46
3.5.1 Statistik Deskriptif............................................................. 46
3.5.2 Pengujian Asumsi Klasik................................................... 46
3.5.2.1 Uji Normalitas...................................................... 47
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3.5.2.2 Uji Autokorelasi................................................... 47
3.5.2.3 Uji Heteroskedastisitas........................................ 48
3.5.2.4 Uji Multikolinearitas............................................ 49
3.5.3 Pengujian Hipotesis............................................................ 49
3.5.3.1 Uji Regresi Linear Berganda............................... 49
3.5.3.2 Uji Koefisien Determinasi................................... 50
3.5.3.3 Uji Signifikansi Simultan..................................... 50
3.5.3.4 Uji Signifikansi Parameter Individual................. 51
BAB IV HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN........................................................ 52
4.1 Deskripsi Penelitian....................................................................... 52
4.2 Analisis Data.................................................................................. 53
4.2.1 Variabel Asimetri Informasi.............................................. 53
4.2.2 Variabel Manajemen Laba................................................. 53
4.2.3 Analisis Statistik Deskriptif............................................... 54
4.2.4 Analisis Linear Berganda................................................... 56
4.2.5 Uji Asumsi Klasik.............................................................. 57
4.2.5.1 Uji Normalitas...................................................... 57
4.2.5.2 Uji Autokorelasi................................................... 58
4.2.5.3 Uji Heteroskedastisitas........................................ 59
4.2.5.4 Uji Multikolinearitas............................................ 62
4.2.6 Uji Koefisien Determinasi................................................. 64
4.2.7 Uji Signifikansi Simultan................................................... 65
4.2.8 Uji Signifikansi Parameter................................................. 66
4.3 Pembahasan................................................................................... 69
4.3.1 Pengaruh Kepemilikan Institusional terhadap Hubungan
Asimetri Informasi dengan Manajemen Laba.................... 69
4.3.2 Pengaruh Kepemilikan Institusional terhadap Hubungan
Asimetri Informasi dengan Manajemen Laba.................... 70
4.3.3 Pengaruh Komposisi Dewan Komisaris terhadap
Hubungan Asimetri Informasi dengan Manajemen Laba. . 72
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4.3.4 Pengaruh Ukuran Komite Audit terhadap Hubungan
Asimetri Informasi dengan Manajemen Laba.................... 73
BAB V PENUTUP.......................................................................................... 74
5.1 Kesimpulan.................................................................................... 74
5.2 Keterbatasan Penelitian.................................................................. 75
5.3 Saran.............................................................................................. 76
DAFTAR PUSTAKA...................................................................................... 77
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1........................................................................................................... 48
Tabel 4.1........................................................................................................... 52
Tabel 4.2........................................................................................................... 54
Tabel 4.3........................................................................................................... 55
Tabel 4.4........................................................................................................... 58
Tabel 4.5........................................................................................................... 59
Tabel 4.6........................................................................................................... 62
Tabel 4.7........................................................................................................... 64
Tabel 4.8........................................................................................................... 65
Tabel 4.9........................................................................................................... 66
Tabel 4.10......................................................................................................... 67
Tabel 4.11......................................................................................................... 67
Tabel 4.12......................................................................................................... 68
Tabel 4.13......................................................................................................... 69
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1....................................................................................................... 34
Gambar 4.1....................................................................................................... 60
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1........................................................................................................ 80
Lampiran 2........................................................................................................ 82
Lampiran 3........................................................................................................ 86
Lampiran 4........................................................................................................ 90
Lampiran 5........................................................................................................ 94
Lampiran 6........................................................................................................ 101
Lampiran 7........................................................................................................ 103
Lampiran 8........................................................................................................ 105
Lampiran 9........................................................................................................ 107
Lampiran 10...................................................................................................... 108
Lampiran 11...................................................................................................... 110
Lampiran 12...................................................................................................... 111
Lampiran 13...................................................................................................... 113
Lampiran 14...................................................................................................... 115
Lampiran 15...................................................................................................... 117
Lampiran 16...................................................................................................... 119
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ABSTRAK
ANALISIS PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP HUBUNGAN ASIMETRI INFORMASI
DENGAN MANAJEMEN LABA
Oleh:Dwi Rangga Seto
NIM. 115020300111106
Dosen Pembimbing:Prof. Dr. Sutrisno T., Ak., CA
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji pengaruh good corporate governance terhadap hubungan asimetri informasi dengan manajemen laba. Dalam pengungkapan laporan keuangan perusahaan seringkali ditemui praktik manajemen laba, hal ini dikarenakan adanya asimetri informasi antara pihak manajemen dan pihak eksternal, untuk itu perlu diketahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi asimetri informasi dan manajemen laba yang dalam penelitian ini diujikan dengan good corporate governance. Corporate governance diproksi dengan kepemilikan institusional, kepemilikan manajerial, komposisi dewan komisaris dan ukuran komite audit. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 52 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indoesia dari tahun 2011 sampai 2013 yang berjumlah dengan jumlah observasi 156. Analisis penelitian ini menggunakan uji asumsi klasik untuk menguji normalitas data dan regresi linear berganda dengan menggunakan tiga model. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kepemilikan manajerial, komposisi dewan komisaris dan ukuran komite audit merupakan variabel moderasi antara hubungan asimetri informasi dengan manajemen laba. Sedangkan kepemilikan manajerial bukan merupakan variabel moderasi antara hubungan asimetri informasi dengan manajemen laba.
Kata kunci: Good Corporate Governance, Kepemilikan Institusional, Kepemilikan Manajerial, Komposisi Dewan Komisaris, Ukuran Komite Audit, Asimetri Informasi, Manajemen Laba.
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ABSTACT
ANALYSIS EFFECT OF GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TO INFORMATION ASYMMETRI RELATION
WITH EARNINGS MANAGEMENT
By:Dwi Rangga Seto
NIM. 115020300111106
Advisor lecture:Prof. Dr. Sutrisno T., Ak., CA
The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of good corporate governance on the relation between information asymmetry with earnings management. In the corporate annual report often found practice of earnings management, this is due to the information asymmetry between management and external parties, for it is necessary to know the factors that influence the information asymmetry and earnings management in this research were tested with good corporate governance. Corporate governance proxy for institutional ownership, managerial ownership, board of directors composition and audit committee size. Samples were 52 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2011 to 2013, amounting to 156 the number of observations. This research analyzes using classic assumption test to examine the normality of data and multiple linear regression using three models. The analysis showed institutional ownership, board of directors composition and audit committee size are moderating variable between information asymmetry relation with earnings management. While the managerial ownership is not a moderating variable between information asymmetry relations with earnings management.
Keywords: Institutional Ownership, Managerial Ownership, Board of Directors Composition, Audit Committee size, Information Asymmetry, Earnings Management.
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