contoh penulisan literare review

7/26/2019 Contoh Penulisan Literare Review

1/6

Contoh penulisan literare review

Langkah pertama, buat ringkasan dari artikel yang dibaca, seperti dibawah ini:

Alexander, L.A., & Link, B.G. (2003). he i!pa"t o# "onta"t on sti$!ati%in$ attitudes towards

people with !ental illness. ournal o# 'ental ealth, 2, 2*+2-.

Alexander and Link (2003) exa!ined the sti$!a o# !ental illness, per"eptions o#

dan$erousness and so"ial distan"e in a telephone surve. he #ound that, as a parti"ipant/s

own li#e "onta"t with !entall ill individuals in"reased, parti"ipants were oth less likel to

per"eive a tar$et !entall ill individual in a vi$nette as phsi"all dan$erous and less likel to

desire so"ial distan"e #ro! the tar$et. his relationship re!ained a#ter "ontrollin$ #or

de!o$raphi" and "on#ound variales, su"h as $ender, ethni"it, edu"ation, in"o!e and politi"al

"onservatis!. he also #ound that an tpe o# "onta"t 1 with a #riend, a spouse, a #a!il

!e!er, a work "onta"t, or a "onta"t in a puli" pla"e 1 with !entall ill individuals redu"ed

per"eptions o# dan$erousness o# the tar$et in the vi$nette (sketsa).

Corri$an, . ., 4owan, 5., Green, A., Lundin, 4., 4iver, ., 6pho##+asowski, 7.,hite, 7., &

7uiak, '.A. (2002). Challen$in$ two !ental illness sti$!as8

ersonalit responsiilit and dan$erousness. 9"hi%ophrenia Bulletin, 2, 2-3+30-.

Corri$an, 4owan, Green, Lundin, 4iver, 6pho##+asowski, hite and 7uiak (2002) "ondu"ted

two studies to investi$ate the stren$th o# the theoreti"al relationship etween sti$!a and

personalit responsiilit, and sti$!a and dan$erousness. Corri$an et al. posited two !odels to

a""ount #or sti$!ati%in$ rea"tions. :n the #irst !odel, laeled personal responsiilit, personalit

responsiilit in#luen"es oth the level o# pit and an$er displaed toward !ental patients.

Additionall, the variales o# pit and an$er in#luen"e helpin$ ehavior. :n the se"ond !odel,

laeled dan$erousness, per"eived dan$erousness in#luen"es #ear o# !ental patients, whi"h in

turn in#luen"es the avoidan"e o# the !entall ill.

:n their #irst stud, Corri$an etal. (2002), ad!inistered a ;uestionnaire to 2< "o!!unit "olle$e

students. his ;uestionnaire "ontained ite!s whi"h would allow the exa!ination o# the two

!odels. he results o# a path analsis indi"ated that while oth !odels #it the data, the results

#or the dan$erousness !odel see!ed #ar !ore "onsistent with the data. heir se"ond stud

was an atte!pt to !anipulate variales in the !odels. arti"ipants !et with either an


2/6

edu"ational $roup or a !ental patient. 5urin$ the !eetin$s, either !ths aout the personalit

responsiilit or the dan$erousness o# !ental patients were dis"ussed. hile edu"ation ielded

so!e positive results, "onta"t with !ental patients produ"ed stron$er results.

'artin, . 7., es"osolido, B. A., & u"h, 9. A. (2000). =# #ear and loathin$8 he role o#

>disturin$ ehavior/ laels, and "ausal attriutions in shapin$ puli" attitudes toward people

with !ental illness. ournal o# ealth and 9o"ial Behavior, ?, 20+223.

'artin, es"osolido & u"h (2000) exa!ined the e##e"ts o# des"riptions o# the tar$ets/ ehavior,

"ausal attriutions aout the sour"e o# the ehavior, the tar$et/s per"eived dan$erousness,

laelin$ and parti"ipants/ so"iode!o$raphi" "hara"teristi"s. went per"ent o# the parti"ipants

laeled a tar$et des"ried with depressed s!pto!s as havin$ a !ental illness (as "o!pared

with @? #or those des"ried with s"hi%ophreni" s!pto!s or with nor!al troules) 3*

would e unwillin$ to intera"t with the depressed person (? #or the s"hi%ophreni" and 2

#or nor!al troules) and 33 #elt that the depressed person would do violen"e to others (


3/6

"onta"t, or a "onta"t in a puli" pla"e 1 with !entall ill individuals redu"ed per"eptions o#

dan$erousness o# the tar$et in the vi$nette.

Corri$an, 4owan, Green, Lundin, 4iver, 6pho##+asowski, hite and 7uiak (2002) "ondu"ted

two studies to investi$ate the stren$th o# the theoreti"al relationship etween sti$!a and

personalit responsiilit, and sti$!a and dan$erousness. Corri$an et al. posited two !odels to

a""ount #or sti$!ati%in$ rea"tions. :n the #irst !odel, laeled personal responsiilit, personalit

responsiilit in#luen"es oth the level o# pit and an$er displaed toward !ental patients.

Additionall, the variales o# pit and an$er in#luen"e helpin$ ehavior. :n the se"ond !odel,

laeled dan$erousness, per"eived dan$erousness in#luen"es #ear o# !ental patients, whi"h in

turn in#luen"es the avoidan"e o# the !entall ill.

:n their #irst stud, Corri$an etal. (2002), ad!inistered a ;uestionnaire to 2< "o!!unit "olle$e

students. his ;uestionnaire "ontained ite!s whi"h would allow the exa!ination o# the two

!odels. he results o# a path analsis indi"ated that while oth !odels #it the data, the results

#or the dan$erousness !odel see!ed #ar !ore "onsistent with the data. heir se"ond stud

was an atte!pt to !anipulate variales in the !odels. arti"ipants !et with either an

edu"ational $roup or a !ental patient. 5urin$ the !eetin$s, either !ths aout the personalit

responsiilit or the dan$erousness o# !ental patients were dis"ussed and deunked. hile

edu"ation ielded so!e positive results, "onta"t with !ental patients produ"ed stron$er results.

Kemudian tulisan diatas disusun lagi menjadi lebih baik dengan urutan sebagai berikut 8

() Appears people respond to the !entall ill with #ear and ree"tion, (2) "onta"t redu"es

ree"tion and #ear and (3) how to est arran$e the "onta"t to redu"e sti$!a.

Kemudian tambahkan kalimat pembuka dan penutup, paragraf pengkait dan paragraf

transisi untuk membantu alur dari ide kita (supaya tapak mengalir dengan baik)

4e$ardin$ the !entall ill, it appears that people respond to the !entall ill with #eelin$s o# #ear

and ree"tion. 'artin, es"osolido & u"h (2000) exa!ined the e##e"ts o# des"riptions o# the

tar$ets/ ehavior, "ausal attriutions aout the sour"e o# the ehavior, the tar$et/s per"eived

dan$erousness, laelin$ and parti"ipants/ so"iode!o$raphi" "hara"teristi"s. went per"ent o#

the parti"ipants laeled a tar$et des"ried with depressed s!pto!s as havin$ a !ental illness

(as "o!pared with @? #or those des"ried with s"hi%ophreni" s!pto!s or with nor!al

troules) 3* would e unwillin$ to intera"t with the depressed person (? #or the


4/6

s"hi%ophreni" and 2 #or nor!al troules) and 33 #elt that the depressed person would do

violen"e to others (


5/6

so!e positive results re$ardin$ #ear and ree"tion, "onta"t with !ental patients produ"ed

stron$er results. hus, Corri$an et al. de!onstrated that "onta"t "auses less ree"tion and #ear.

:n the #inal sta$e, kita perlu !enulis an introdu"tor and "on"ludin$ para$raph.

Pada kesimpulan kita buat dulu !er!iew (ikhtisar), setelah itu dibuat kesimpulannya,

seperti berikut ini

:t appears that the !entall ill are ree"ted e"ause o# the puli"/s #ear o# the !entall ill. At

least one+third o# the people sa!pled in one stud said that the would oth ree"t so"iall and

#ear violen"e #ro! so!eone displain$ ehaviors asso"iated with di##erent !entall illnesses.

=ther resear"h dis"overed that this ree"tion is asso"iated to la"k o# "onta"t with the !entall ill

and that as "onta"t in"reased, #ear o# the !entall ill de"reased. he dire"tion o# the relationship

etween #ear and ree"tion see!s to e that #ear (possil ased upon !ths aout !ental

illness) "auses ree"tion. aken as a whole, it appears that exposin$ these !ths as !ths

in"reases the a""eptan"e o# the !entall ill and that sta$ed "onta"t with a !entall person to

expose !ths has an even !ore power#ul e##e"t.

Setelah itu kita perlu mengatakan sesuatu (menge!aluasi) tentang methdlgi atau

methd yang digunakan dalam literature yang kita baca tersebut, sebagai berikut"

Caution !ust e advised, thou$h 'artin et al./s (2002) and Alexander and Link/s (2003) studies

and the #irst stud o# Corri$an et al. (2002) were ased upon paper !ethodolo$ies. And while

Corri$an et al./s (2002) se"ond stud involved sta$ed presentations, it was "ondu"ted in a

"olle$e settin$ with a "olle$e sa!ple. Duture resear"h should repli"ate these #indin$s in !ore

natural settin$s with di##erent populations.

Kemudian buat pernyataan yang strng untuk memperkuat kesimpulan kita sebagai

berikut

he ree"tion o# the !entall ill is "aused the puli"/s elie# in !ths aout the

dan$erousness o# the !entall ill and exposin$ those !ths "an redu"e ree"tion.

Setelah itu kita perlu menulis intrductin.

ith an introdu"tion, e$in road and narrow down to the thesis state!ent. he thesis

state!ent is the last senten"e in the introdu"tion and the #irst senten"e in the "on"lusion. he

!entall ill #a"e a !ultitude o# "hallen$es. =ne o# those "hallen$es is the sti$!ati%ation the

#a"e. 9ti$!ati%ation is so"ial ree"tion the are ree"ted people e"ause o# the lael the


6/6

"arr or that their ehaviors "learl indi"ate that the elon$ to a "ertain laeled $roup.

9ti$!ati%ation o# the !entall ill is "aused the puli"/s elie# in !ths aout the

dan$erousness o# the !entall ill and exposin$ those !ths "an redu"e sti$!ati%ation.

contoh penulisan literare review

Documents