bab i history of computer

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Sistem Komputer – TK1013

Weeks – 01



Pengajar

•

Nama : Mohamad Dani• No HP : 081320708109/02295909677• Ym : pintar_teuing• Email : [email protected] • Facebook : [email protected] • Blog : http://www.mohamad-dani.tk• Twitter account : MD4N1• ID Kaskus : D4N5• Tempat konsultasi : Ruang kubikal Lantai 2• Waktu bicara (Janjian terlebih dulu)

Rabu : 13.00 – 16.00 WIB (dikondisikan)

Kamis : 16.00 – 17.00 WIBJumat : 9.00 – 11.00 WIB dan 13.00 – 15.00 WIB

mailto:[email protected]






Aturan Perkuliahan (1)

1. TELAT > 15 Menit dianggap alfa

2. Dibagi 3 sesi: 45 menit pertama tutorial 1, 10 menitistirahat + administratif, 45 menit kedua tutorial 2.

3. Menggunakan SERAGAM LENGKAP (baju kemejaputih, bawahan hitam (bukan jeans), bersepatu(menutup jari kaki dengan kait dan penutupdibelakang tumit) Jika tidak SILAHKAN KELUAR

3



Aturan Perkuliahan (2)

4. Surat IJIN yang berlaku :

• Surat sakit dari dokter, diberikan max 1 minggu

setelahnya jika tidak, dianggap absen

•

Surat keterangan dari Ka Prodi / Ka Jurusan• Surat ijin dari wali/orang tua mahasiswa

(semua surat ijin/keterangan diserahkan ke BAA dan dosen

hanya menerima surat dari BAA)

4



“ An electronic system to manipulate data

rapidly and correctly which is organized so

that it can automatically accept and save input

data, processes it and finally the result of the

processing is an output in the form of

information.”

(Donald H. Sanders ,Computer Today)



• Computer architecture means the design of a

computer system at the structural level that

generally includes hardware and software.

• The computer development effort has gone

through five generations. Each generation was

characterized by some sort of hardware break-

through along with some architecturalimprovements.



• Data processor is divided into four groups – Manual device

– Mechanical device

– Electronic mechanical device

–

Electronic device• Personal computer experiencing rapid change since 1993

appeared. It is started by the use of disk of 51/4 inch incomputer 80386 which at that time was a qualifiedprocessor, and it survived until windows operation system

started dominating computer operation system at thattime. Then, it is followed by internet networkdevelopment, the improvement of hardware and software,until the appearance of mobile personal computer.



The characteristics of the first generation of computers: Operational instruction is made specifically for a

certain task

The components used are vacuum tubes for it circuit. The program can only be made by machine

language.

Using the concept of stored program with its main

memory, which is magnetic core storage. Using external storage of magnetic tape and

magnetic disk.

The size of the computer is big, it needs large space.



So easy to get hot so it needs a cooler.

The process is so slow.

The storage is small.

Needs huge electrical power.

Its main orientation is on business application.



EDVAC UNIVAC



Computers of second generation have thefollowing characters: Components used are transistor for the circuit.

Program can be created by high level language. The capacity of main memory is huge enough by the

development of magnetic core storage can save tensthousands characters.

Uses external storage of magnetic tape and magneticdisk in the form of removable disk or disk pack.

Has the ability of real-time process and time sharing.



The physical size of this computer is smaller

than the first generation’s.

The operational process is fast, it can

process millions of operations per second.

Needs less electrical power.

The orientation is not only to business

application but also in technical application.



The third generations of computers have the following characters:

The components used are IC (Integrated Circuits), in the form of hybrid integrated circuits and monolithic integrated circuits. Hybridintegrated circuit or solid logic technology (SLT) is a transistor anddiode put separately in one place.

The improvement of the software. Faster and more accurate. The speed is almost 10000 times faster

compared to the first generations. The speed is measured inmicroseconds. Even until nanosecond (billions operation persecond).

The capacity of computer memory is larger, it can save hundredsthousands of characters.

Uses external storage which is random access (is able to insertdata record randomly), which is by magnetic with huge capacity(millions of characters).



Uses less energy compared to the previous generations of computers.

Is possible to conduct multiprocessing, means that it canprocess a number of data from different sources at thesame time and multiprogramming, means that it can doseveral programs simultaneously.

The development of input-output device using visualdisplay terminal that can display pictures and graphics, canaccept and produce sound, and also completed by MICR(magnetic ink characters recognition) reader.

The price is cheaper compared to the previous generations.

The ability of conducting data communication from onecomputer and the other via communication device such astelephone.



Fourth generation computers were

characterized by using very large scale

integration (VLSI) circuits and

semiconductor memories.

5.4 million transistors could be packed on a

single chip as small as a fingernail.



It is hard to define a true fifth generation

computer in regard to technological

breakthroughs.

However, there was a fifth generation

computer project in Japan which worked on

the design of appropriate software running

on a cluster of high speed processors in orderto perform a specific common goal.



Types ofBased on processed data, computer

can be classified as:

Analog Computer

Digital Computer

Hybrid Computer



• Special-Purpose Computer

This computer is designed to solve a specialproblem, usually only one particular problem.

This computer can be digital or analog, andcommonly analog computer is special-purposecomputer.

• General –Purpose Computer

This computer is designed to solve many kinds of problems. It can also use various programs tosolve different problems.



• Micro Computer

• Mini Computer

•

Small computer• Medium Computer

• Large Computer

• Super Computer

bab i history of computer

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