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ANALISA PENGARUH EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT, TEAMWORK,

DAN EMPLOYEE TRAINING TERHADAP ORGANIZATIONAL

COMMITMENT: TELAAH PADA PT. TALENTA ANUGERAH

PRATAMA

SKRIPSI

Diajukan sebagai Salah Satu Syarat untuk memperoleh Gelar

Sarjana Ekonomi (S.E.)

Nama : Yesica Elisa Natalia

NIM : 14130110146

Program Studi : Manajemen

Fakultas : Bisnis

UNIVERSITAS MULTIMEDIA NUSANTARA

TANGERANG

2019

Analisa pengaruh employee..., Yesica Elisa Natalia, FB UMN, 2019

iv

KATA PENGANTAR

Puji dan syukur kepada Tuhan Yesus Kristus, yang selalu memberkati,

memberi kasih, karunia, dan penyertaan Nya sampai saat ini sehingga penulis

dapat menyelesaikan skripsi yang Analisa pengaruh Employee

Empowerment, Teamwork, dan Employee Training terhadap Organizational

Commitment telaah pada PT. Talenta Anugerah Pratama menjadi syarat

penentu kelulusan agar mendapatkan gelar Sarjana di Universitas Multimedia

Nusantara.

Selama dalam proses penyusunan skripsi, tentunya banyak pihak yang telah

mendukung dan membantu penulis sehingga dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini. Maka

dari itu penulis ingin mengucapkan terima kasih kepada:

1. Keluarga yang terkasih, Mama, Papa, Abang Binsar yang selalu

memberikan dukungan semangat dan doa sehingga penulis dapat

menyelesaikan skripsi dengan baik.

2. Ibu Nurina Putri Handayani, S.E., M.M., CHRM. Selaku dosen pembimbing

dalam penyusunan skripsi yang telah sabar dalam mengarahan dengan

memberikan saran, motivasi, serta memberikan waktu untuk melakukan

bimbingan walaupun dalam kondisi tidak fit sekalipun, sehingga penulis

mampu menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

3. Pak Mohammad Annas, S. Tr.Par., M.M., CSCP. selaku ketua program

studi manajemen.


v

4. Ibu Cynthia Sari Dewi, S.E., M.Sc. Selaku penguji yang telah memberikan

masukkan dan perbaikan pada penelitian skirpsi, sehingga penulis dapat

menyempurnakan skripsi.

5. Pak Boby Arinto, S.E., M.M. Selaku ketua sidang yang telah memberikan

masukan pada penelitian skripsi, sehingga penulis dapat lebih baik dalam

menyeselesaikan skripsi.

6. PT. Talenta Anugerah Pratama (Memory Group), yang telah

memperbolehkan untuk menjadikan perusahaan sebagai objek dalam

skripsi.

7. Para responden yang telah bersedia untuk mengisi kuesioner penelitian, dan

juga pihak yang telah meluangkan waktu bersedia melakukan in-depth

interview sehingga penulis mendapatkan informasi yang menjadi fenomena

dan hasil penelitian selama pembuatan skripsi.

8. Teman teman Didit, Ardi, Adrian, Achmad, Seren, Randy, Egy, Felix,

Elizabeth, dan teman teman lainnya yang telah bersedia membantu dalam

membagikan ilmu maupun pengalaman kepada penulis.

9. Teman teman seperjuangan dalam menyusun skripsi yang membantu

penulis dan juga membantu satu sama lain Sri Wulan, Amelia Andini,

Yohanes Andy, David Arnold, Tommy, dan teman teman lainnya yang tak

bisa disebutkan satu persatu.

10. Sahabat group Ovvovuevue, Silvia Margaretha, Vira Luciana, Dalliasari

Rahmani, Ferra Tjahyadi, Nevy Aprianty yang mengingatkan penulis untuk

tetap semangat dan fokus dalam menyusun skripsi.


vii

ABSTRAK

Setiap perusahaan membutuhkan karyawan yang memiliki komitmen dalam setiap melakukan tugas yang dikerjakan, sehingga organizational commitment menjadi salah satu nilai penting yang harus ditanamkan dalam perusahaan tidak hanya itu perusahaan juga membutuhkan karyawan yang loyal terhadap perusahaan, sehingga dapat mendukung produktivitas dalam bekerja dan tujuan perusahaan dapat tercapai. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk membuktikan apakah terdapat pengaruh dari variabel employee empowerment, teamwork, dan employee training terhadap organizational commitment pada karyawan PT. Talenta Anugerah Pratama sehingga penilitian ini dapat memberikan pandangan kepada perusahaan mengenai faktor yang mempengaruhi komitmen dalam bekerja. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode descriptive research dengan metode non-probability sampling dengan teknik judgement sampling. Data yang diperoleh dengan menyebar kuesioner adalah sebanyak 155 responden, dimana responden tersebut merupakan karyawan tetap PT. Talenta Anugerah Pratama dengan lama bekerja minimal 1 tahun. Data yang telah diperoleh ini kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan metode Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) dengan aplikasi software AMOS versi 23.

Hasil dari penelitian menunjukan bahwa employee empowerment memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap organizational commitment, pada teamwork juga terdapat pengaruh positif terhadap organizational commitment, dan juga terdapat pengaruh positif dari employee training terhadap organizational commitment.

Kata Kunci: Employee Empowerment, Teamwork, Employee Training, Organizational Commitment


viii

ABSTRACT

Every company needs employees who have the commitment within each perform tasks are carried out, so that organizational commitment became one of the important values that should be instilled in the company not only that company also need employees who are loyal to the company, so that it can support productivity in work and company goals can be achieved. This research was conducted aiming to prove whether there is influence of variable employee empowerment, teamwork, and employee training towards organizational commitment on employee Talents Grace PT. So this penilitian Pratama can provide a view to the company about the factors that affect the commitment in the work. This research uses descriptive research method with the method of non-probability sampling with engineering judgement sampling. Data obtained with the questionnaire is spread as much as 155 respondents, where respondents are permanent employees of PT Pratama Grace Talent with old work a minimum of 1 year. Data that has been retrieved is then processed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with application software AMOS version 23. On the research results indicate that employee empowerment has a positive influence on organizational commitment, there is a positive influence of teamwork on organizational commitmen, and there is also a positive influence of employee training on organizational commitment. Keywords: Employee Empowerment, Teamwork, Employee Training, Organizational Commitment


ix

DAFTAR ISI

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI ................................................................................ ii

LEMBAR PERNYATAAN TIDAK MELAKUKAN PLAGIAT ..................................... iii

KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................................... iv

ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................................ vii

ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... viii

DAFTAR GAMBAR ....................................................................................................... xiii

DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................................ xiv

BAB I PENDAHULUAN ................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Latar Belakang Masalah ........................................................................................... 1

1.2 Rumusan Masalah dan Pertanyaan Penelitian ........................................................ 12

1.3 Tujuan Penelitian .................................................................................................... 13

1.4 Manfaat penelitian .................................................................................................. 13

1.4.1 Manfaat Akademis ........................................................................................... 13

1.4.2 Manfaat Praktik ................................................................................................ 13

1.5 Batasan Penelitian ................................................................................................... 14

1.6 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................................. 14

BAB II LANDASAN TEORI ........................................................................................... 16

2.1 Tinjauan Pustaka ..................................................................................................... 16

2.1.1 Manajemen ....................................................................................................... 16

2.1.2 Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia ................................................................. 18

2.1.3 Employee Empowerment .................................................................................. 19

2.1.4 Teamwork ......................................................................................................... 20

2.1.5 Employee Training ........................................................................................... 22

2.1.6 Organizational Commitment ............................................................................ 26

2.2 Model Penelitian ..................................................................................................... 28

2.3 Pengembangan Hipotesa Penelitian ........................................................................ 28

2.3.1 Pengaruh Employee Empowerment Terhadap Organizational Commitment ... 29

2.3.2 Pengaruh Teamwork Terhadap Organizational Commitment .......................... 30

2.3.3 Pengaruh Employee Training Terhadap Organizational Commitment ............ 31

2.4 Tabel Penelitian Terdahulu ..................................................................................... 32

BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN ......................................................................... 36

3.1 Gambaran Umum Objek Penelitian ........................................................................ 36


x

3.1.1 Visi Perusahaan ................................................................................................ 38

3.1.2 Misi Perusahaan ............................................................................................... 38

3.1.3 Core Value ....................................................................................................... 38

3.1.4 Struktur Organisasi .......................................................................................... 39

3.2 Desain Penelitian .................................................................................................... 40

3.2.1 Research Data .................................................................................................. 40

3.2.2 Jenis Penelitian ................................................................................................. 41

3.3 Ruang Lingkup Penelitian ....................................................................................... 42

3.3.1 Target Populasi ................................................................................................ 42

3.3.2 Sampling Techniques ....................................................................................... 43

3.3.2.1 Probability Sampling Techniques ............................................................. 43

3.3.2.2 Nonprobability Sampling Techniques....................................................... 44

3.3.3 Sampling Size ................................................................................................... 45

3.4 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ...................................................................................... 46

3.4.1 Sumber dan Cara Pengumpulan Data ............................................................. 46

3.4.2 Metode Pengumpulan Data .............................................................................. 46

3.5 Periode Penelitian ................................................................................................... 47

3.6 Skala Pengukuran .................................................................................................... 47

3.7 Definisi Operasional Variabel ................................................................................. 48

3.7.1 Variabel Endogen ............................................................................................. 48

3.7.2 Variabel Eksogen ............................................................................................. 50

3.8 Teknik Pengolahan Analisis Data ........................................................................... 52

3.8.1 Uji Instrumen ................................................................................................... 52

3.8.2 Uji Validitas ..................................................................................................... 53

3.8.2.1 Jenis-jenis Uji Validitas ............................................................................ 54

3.8.3 Uji Reliabilitas ................................................................................................. 54

3.9 Metode Analisis Data dengan Structural Equation Model (SEM) ......................... 55

3.9.1 Tahapan Prosedur SEM ................................................................................... 56

3.9.2 Kecocokan Model Pengukuran ........................................................................ 58

3.9.3 Kecocokan Model Keseluruhan ....................................................................... 59

3.9.4 Uji Hipotesis .................................................................................................... 60

3.10 Tabel Operasionalisasi Variabel ........................................................................... 62

BAB IV ANALISA DAN PEMBAHASAN .................................................................... 67

4.1 Deskripsi Profil Responden .................................................................................... 67


xi

4.1.1 Profil Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin ................................................. 67

4.1.2 Profil Responden Berdasarkan Usia ................................................................ 68

4.1.3 Profil Responden Berdasarkan Status .............................................................. 69

4.1.4 Profil Responden Berdasarkan Pendidikan ...................................................... 70

4.1.5 Profil Responden Berdasarkan Lama Bekerja ................................................. 71

4.1.6 Profil Responden Berdasarkan Departemen .................................................... 72

4.2 Analisa Deskriptif ................................................................................................... 73

4.2.1 Employee Empowerment .................................................................................. 74

4.2.2 Teamwork ......................................................................................................... 76

4.2.3 Employee Training ........................................................................................... 78

4.2.4 Organizational Commitment ............................................................................ 80

4.3 Uji Instrumen Pre-test ............................................................................................. 86

4.3.1 Uji Validitas Pre-test ....................................................................................... 86

4.3.2 Uji Reliabilitas Pre-test .................................................................................... 88

4.4 Uji Instrumen Main - Test ....................................................................................... 90

4.4.1 Hasil Analisis Model Pengukuran .................................................................... 91

4.4.1.1 Hasil Uji Validitas Main - Test Keseluruhan Data .................................. 92

4.4.1.2 Uji Reliabilitas Main - Test ....................................................................... 93

4.4.2 Hasil Analisis Model Struktur .......................................................................... 94

4.5 Uji Hipotesis ........................................................................................................... 97

4.6 Interpretasi Hasil Penelitian .................................................................................... 98

4.6.1 Berdasarkan Hasil Analisa Deskriptif .............................................................. 99

4.6.2 Berdasarkan Uji Instrumen, Disimpulkan: ..................................................... 102

4.6.3 Berdasarkan Uji Model Struktural, Disimpulkan: ......................................... 103

4.6.3.1 Pengaruh Employee Empowerment terhadap Organizational Commitment ............................................................................................................................ 103

4.6.3.2 Pengaruh Teamwork terhadap Organizatinal Commitment .................... 104

4.6.3.3 Pengaruh Employee Training terhadap Organizational Commitment .... 105

4.7 Implikasi Manajerial ............................................................................................. 106

4.7.1 Perhatian PT. Talenta Anugerah Pratama Terhadap Employee Empowerment untuk Meningkatkan Organizational Commitment ................................................. 106

4.7.2 Perhatian PT. Talenta Anugerah Pratama Terhadap Teamwork untuk Meningkatkan Organizational Commitment ........................................................... 108

4.7.3 Perhatian PT. Talenta Anugerah Pratama Terhadap Employee Training untuk Meningkatkan Organizational Commitment ........................................................... 109


xii

BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .......................................................................... 112

5.1 Kesimpulan ........................................................................................................... 112

5.2 Saran ..................................................................................................................... 113

5.2.1 Saran Untuk Perusahaan ................................................................................ 113

5.2.2 Saran Untuk Penelitian Selanjutnya ............................................................... 118

LAMPIRAN .................................................................................................................... 125


xiii

DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 1. 1 Neraca Perdagangan Pada Industri Berbasis Sumber Daya Alam ..... 1

Gambar 1. 2 Peringkat Manufaturing Secara Global 2017 ..................................... 3

Gambar 1. 3 Belanja Furnitur Konsumen Indonesia (USD Dollar) ....................... 4

Gambar 1. 4 Tingkat Kesetiaan Karyawan Berdasarkan Generasinya ................... 7

Gambar 2.1 Model Penelitian ................................................................................28

Gambar 3. 1 Logo Memory Group.........................................................................36

Gambar 3. 2 Struktur Organisasi Perusahaan ....................................................... 39

Gambar 3. 3 Variabel Endogen ............................................................................. 48

Gambar 3. 4 Variabel Eksogen ............................................................................. 51

Gambar 3. 5 Tahapan Melakukan SEM ................................................................ 57

Gambar 4. 1 Presentase Jumlah Responden Berdasarkan Jenis Kelamin..............67

Gambar 4. 2 Presentase Jumlah Responden Berdasarkan Usia ............................ 68

Gambar 4. 3 Presentase Jumlah Responden Berdasarkan Status .......................... 69

Gambar 4. 4 Presentase Jumlah Responden Berdasarkan Pendidikan .................. 70

Gambar 4. 5 Presentase Jumlah Responden Berdasarkan Lama Bekerja ............. 71

Gambar 4. 6 Presentase Jumlah Responden Berdasarkan Departemen ................ 72

Gambar 4. 7 Model Pengukuran SEM .................................................................. 91

Gambar 4. 8 Model Struktur ................................................................................. 95


xiv

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2. 1 Tabel Penelitian Terdahulu .................................................................. 32

Tabel 3. 1 Tabel Skala Pengukuran Likert.............................................................47

Tabel 3. 2 Characteristics Of Different Fit Indices Demonstrating Goofness-Of-Fit

Across Different Model Situations ........................................................................ 60

Tabel 3. 3 Tabel Operasional Variabel ................................................................. 62

Tabel 4. 1 Skala Interval 5 Kategori......................................................................73

Tabel 4. 2 Penilaian Responden Terhadap Variabel Employee Empowerment .... 74

Tabel 4. 3 Penilaian Responden Terhadap Variabel Teamwork ........................... 76

Tabel 4. 4 Penilaian Responden Terhadap Variabel Employee Training ............. 78

Tabel 4. 5 Penilaian Responden Terhadap Variabel Organizational Commitment

............................................................................................................................... 80

Tabel 4. 6 Hasil Uji Validitas Pre-test .................................................................. 87

Tabel 4. 7 Hasil Uji Reabilitas Pre-test ................................................................ 89

Tabel 4. 8 Hasil Uji Validitas SEM ...................................................................... 92

Tabel 4. 9Hasil Uji Reliabilitas Main Test ............................................................ 93

Tabel 4. 10 Hasil Uji Kecocokan Goodness of Fit................................................ 96

Tabel 4. 11 Hasil Uji Hipotesis ............................................................................. 97


analisa pengaruh employee, yesica elisa natalia, fb umn,...

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