reklamasi dan pengerukan bisa membahayakan negara
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Dampak Reklamasidan Pengerukan Terhadap Sirkulasi Arus Laut, Sungai,
Sedimentasi, dan Kualitas Air
Reklamasi dan Pengerukan Bisa Membahayakan Negara
Muslim Muin Ph.D. Ocean Engineering Research Group (OERG)Institut Teknologi Bandung
Personal Web www.muteknologi.musmuin.com
Muslim Muin Ph.D. Expertise :
◦ Marine Facility Design◦ Structural Dynamics◦ Ocean Hydrodynamics, Sediment Transport, and Water Quality Modeling
Place/Date of Birth : Padang, April 7, 1960. Employer : Institut Teknologi Bandung, 1986 - present Position History :
◦ 20011 – 2012,Head of Ocean Engineering Research Group◦ 2005 – 2011, Head of Ocean Engineering Program◦ 2000 – 2004, Faculty member of Ocean Engineering Program◦ 1998 – 1999, Visiting Research Professor in University of Rhode Island,
USA◦ 1994 – 1997, Faculty member of Ocean Engineering Program◦ 1987 – 1993, Graduate Student, University of Rhode Island, USA.
Education :◦ Ph.D. in Ocean Engineering, University of Rhode Island, USA, 1993.◦ M.Sc. in Ocean Engineering, University of Rhode Island, USA, 1988.◦ B.E. in Civil Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, 1984.
Website : www.muteknologi.musmuin.com
MuTeknologi Software3D Ocean Hydrodynamics, Sediment Transport, Water Quality Model in GIS SystemNon-Orthogonal Curvilinear Coordinate Technique
•MuSed3D•MoTuM•MuDrillCutting3D•MuQual3D•MuHeat3D•MuTsunami
User (License)
ArusPergerakan Partikel Air
Gelombang PendekArus Laut Gelombang PanjangArus Laut Global (Ocean
Circulation)◦Conveyor Belt◦Gulf Stream◦Indonesia Through Flow (ITF)◦dll
Pergerakan Partikel Gelombang Air
Ocean Circulation
Ocean Conveyer Belt
Arus Laut Gelombang PanjangGaya (Forcing)
◦Pasang Surut◦Angin◦Perbedaan Densitas◦Sungai◦Pergerakan Dasar Laut
GeometriBatimetri
Dampak Perubahan Arus Laut Akibat Reklamasi dan PengerukanPerubahan Kualitas AirSediment Transport
(Erosi/Deposisi)Perubahan Garis PantaiNavigasi Pelayaran
Dampak Reklamasi dan Pengerukan di Gresik Jawa Timur
Pengerukan di Banten
Dampak Pengerukan di BantenArus laut pada jalur pipa PGN
disekitar daerah pengerukan akan meningkat.
Erosi pada jalur pipaPipa akan tergantung (Free Span)Pipa pecah
Dampak dari Proteksi Trestle di BP Tangguh Papua
Deposisi Sediment
ErosiLittoral Sediment
Pergerakan Sediment Halus
Runtuhnya Cliff di BPTangguh akibat berkurang Sediment dari Timur
Tumpukan Sedimen di Sebelah Barat
Daerah Reklamasi di JakartaApa yang terjadi pada saat Musim Barat?
Akibat ReklamasiAliran air laut dari Barat
terhalang, muka air naik.Aliran sungai mengalami
hambatanDaerah Pluit Banjir.Diperparah oleh penurunan muka
tanah (Land Subsidence)
Mangrove di Papua
Mangrove Penting dalam Arus Laut
High Tide
Low Tide
Mangrove Cell
Tidal Hydrodynamics Exchange MangroveArus laut di mulut muara sangat
besar akibat keluar-masuk air ke mangrove
Mengabaikan mangrove, hasil model akan tidak akurat
Akibat Reklamasi MangroveTidal Dynamics hilang -> Arus
MengecilSedimentasiPendangkalanAkhir alur pelayaran dikeruk ->
Mahal
MODEL 3DNON-ORTHOGONAL BOUNDARY FITTED
Sebelum Reklamasi, lakukan simulasi Hidrodinamka Laut, Kualitas Air, Sedimentasi, dan Perubahan Garis Pantai
Model FeatureSemi-Implicit: Time Step is large, not
limited by gravity wave speed.Sigma Stretching and Z-coordinateOne Equation Turbulence Closure
ModelDensity Induced CurrentPrognostic Simulation (density and
current couple)Integrated into GISWindows System
Non-Orthogonal Curvilinear Technique
Governing Equations in Spherical Coordinates
Governing Equations Boundary Fitted Coordinate
Model Testing in 3D Idealized Channel
Model Testing Storm Surge
Application of 3D Boundary Fitted Model by ASA Inc. (New York, Bay of Fundy, San Francisco Bay, Savannah River, etc.)
Publication
REKLAMASI JAKARTADilakukan dengan Menggunakan Konsep Keliru
Dampak Giant Seawall Jakarta
Giant Water PumpPower = Q x r x g x H
◦Q = Water Discharge◦r = Water Density◦g = Gravity◦H = Head
H = 10 m (Elevation + Lost + Efficiency)
Maximum Discharge (2 years Return Period) ~ 2500 m3/det
Power = 245 MW
Operational Cost Giant SeawallDischarge Averages 200 m3/detElectric Price per KwH Rp 1400Yearly Pump Electricity Cost Rp 241
Milyar (USD 24 Million)Water Treatment Cost per m3 Rp
1000Total Cost Water Treatment per Year
Rp 6 Triliun (USD 600 Million)Who will pay?.. 60 Thousand
Residence in new reclamation area??
Water Quality in Giant Seawall
Stagnant Water. Poor Water Quality. Mangrove will die. High Operational Cost
Giant Seawall Jakarta is Closed System. Entrance for Tg Priok is not sufficient. Giant Seawall is not Palm Island Project.
Reklamasi Teluk JakartaDilakukan dengan konsep yang salahMengabaikan Sirkulasi Air Laut,
Kualitas Air, dan Sedimentasi.Ongkos Operasi (Pompa dan Kualitas
Air) sangat tinggi -> Jakarta BangkrutJika GSW dibangun, Jakarta terancam
tenggelam.GSW bukan solusi untuk penurunan
muka tanah (Land Subsidence)Jangan Menutup Teluk Jakarta
Land Subsidence in New OrleansScientists have proposed several causes for subsidence in New Orleans. These causes range from Natural ones, such as settling of coastal sediments and
movement of the Michoud faultHuman ones such as draining wetlands, diverting
sediment-bearing floodwaters from the Mississippi River, and pumping ground water.
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=6623
Kenapa Tidak?
KesimpulanReklamasi dan Pengerukan Bisa Membahayakan
Ekonomi Negara jika mengabaikan dampak perubahan sirkulasi arus laut.
Jika dilakukan dengan konsep yang salah dan lokasi yang tidak tepat, bukan Lahan Baru yang diperoleh tapi Persoalan Baru.
Sebelum Reklamasi atau Pengerukan, harus dilakukan simulasi Model Hidrodinamika Tiga Dimensi, Sedimen, Kualitas Air, dan Perubahan Garis Pantai
Reklamasi dapat merubah aliran sungai dan menyebabkan banjir di dataran rendah
Dampak Reklamasi daerah Mangrove sangat besar
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