perkuliahan 2 material polimer dan komposit
Post on 03-Jun-2018
229 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
1/17
MM091372
POLYMER AND COMPOSITE MATERIALC redit: 3 SKS
Semester: 7
LECTURE 2DEPARTMENT OF MATERIALS AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERINGINSTITUT TEKNOLOGI SEPULUH NOPEMBER (ITS) SURABAYA
Dr. Eng. Hosta Ardhyananta, S.T., M.Sc.NIP. 19801207 2005 01 1 004
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
2/17
Texture of polymers Texture of polymers is geometrical arrangement of
atoms in polymer chain The geometrical arrangement of atoms can be divided:
1. Arrangements fixed by the chemical bonding in themolecule such as cis and trans isomers, or d and l forms,called as configuration .2. Arrangements arising from rotation about single bonds
such as manifold forms polymer chain, called asconformations. In the molten state, polymer chains move freely Glass-transition temperature is where polymeric
materials undergo a marked change is propertiesassociated with the cessation of local molecular motion
Crystalline polymer is geometric regular structure
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
3/17
The properties of crystalline polymers are highlydesirable
Crystalline polymers are strong, tough, stiff, andresistant to solvents and chemicals Further improvements can be brought in first, by
increasing intermolecular forces through theselection of highly polar polymers and by using stiffpolymer chains, second, by fiber form by theprocess of orientation or drawing.
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
4/17
To understand the texture of polymers : explain theschematic illustration of polymer texture below
?
?
?
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
5/17
Fig. 1-2. The interrelation of the states of bulkpolymers.
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
6/17
HISTORY OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE
Early investigation Natural polymers have been utilized throughout the
ages
Man has been dependent on animal and vegetablematter for shelter Asphalt; amber during Greeks; gum mastic during
Romans. In the beginning, the term colloid was proposed for
polymer. Colloidal state of matter was considered to be like
the gaseous, liquid, and solid states Physical aggregates of small molecule Before the work of Raoult and van t Hoff in 1880 s,
there is no suitable methods were available forestimating molecular weights
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
7/17
The rise of polymer science Macromolecular hypothesis came about in 1920s,
because of the efforts of Staudinger (1920), whoreceived the Nobel Prize in 1953
He proposed long-chain formulas for polystyrene, rubberand polyoxymethylene
More careful molecular-weight measurements as did byx-ray Flory (1937) elucidated mechanism for chain-reaction
polymerization, Nobel Prize in 1974
Natta (1955) first recognized the presence ofstereospecific regularity in vinyl polymers, Nobel Prize in1963
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
8/17
Early industrial developments The modern plastics industry began with the
utilization of natural rubber for eraser Goodyears discovery of vulcanization in 1839 In 1851 hard rubber or ebonite was patented and
commercialized
Roda kereta kuda awalnya terbuat dari kayu, rodakereta api terbuat dari logam Cellulose nitrate or nitrocellulose, discovered in
1838, was succesfully commercialized by Hyatt in1870
The oldest of purely synthetic plastics is the family ofphenol-formaldehyde resins, Bakelite (Baekeland1909)
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
9/17
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
10/17
Texture of polymers Texture of polymers is geometrical arrangement of
atoms in polymer chain The geometrical arrangement of atoms can be
divided:1. Arrangements fixed by the chemical bonding inthe molecule such as cis and trans isomers, or d and l forms, called as configuration .2. Arrangements arising from rotation about single
bonds such as manifold forms polymer chain, calledas conformations. In the molten state, polymer chains move freely
Glass-transition temperature is where polymericmaterials undergo a marked change is propertiesassociated with the cessation of local molecularmotion
Crystalline polymer is geometric regular structure
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
11/17
The properties of crystalline polymers are highlydesirable
Crystalline polymers are strong, tough, stiff, andresistant to solvents and chemicals Further improvements can be brought in first, by
increasing intermolecular forces through theselection of highly polar polymers and by using stiffpolymer chains, second, by fiber form by theprocess of orientation or drawing.
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
12/17
To understand the texture of polymers : explain theschematic illustration of polymer texture below
?
?
?
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
13/17
Fig. 1-2. The interrelation of the states of bulkpolymers.
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
14/17
HISTORY OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE
Early investigation Natural polymers have been utilized throughout the
ages Man has been dependent on animal and vegetable
matter for shelter Asphalt; amber during Greeks; gum mastic during
Romans.
In the beginning, the term colloid was proposed forpolymer.
Colloidal state of matter was considered to be likethe gaseous, liquid, and solid states
Physical aggregates of small molecule Before the work of Raoult and van t Hoff in 1880 s,
there is no suitable methods were available forestimating molecular weights
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
15/17
The rise of polymer science Macromolecular hypothesis came about in 1920s,
because of the efforts of Staudinger (1920), whoreceived the Nobel Prize in 1953
He proposed long-chain formulas for polystyrene, rubberand polyoxymethylene
More careful molecular-weight measurements as did byx-ray Flory (1937) elucidated mechanism for chain-reaction
polymerization, Nobel Prize in 1974
Natta (1955) first recognized the presence ofstereospecific regularity in vinyl polymers, Nobel Prize in1963
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
16/17
Early industrial developments The modern plastics industry began with the
utilization of natural rubber for eraser Goodyears discovery of vulcanization in 1839 In 1851 hard rubber or ebonite was patented and
commercialized Roda kereta kuda awalnya terbuat dari kayu, roda
kereta api terbuat dari logam Cellulose nitrate or nitrocellulose, discovered in
1838, was succesfully commercialized by Hyatt in1870
The oldest of purely synthetic plastics is the family ofphenol-formaldehyde resins, Bakelite (Baekeland1909)
-
8/12/2019 Perkuliahan 2 Material Polimer Dan Komposit
17/17
top related