01 tcp ip sejarah
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Introduction TCP/IP
History
TCP/IP Trend
Konsep Protocol
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Objective
Peserta pelatihan mampu memahami
sejarah, latar belakang pengembangan
serta manfaat dan konsep dasar TCP/IP
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The Internet:
History
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Phase 1 - The ARPANET
1957 - USSR launches Sputnik
1958 - US Congress Funds the AvancedResearch Projects Agency (ARPA) for space
and Computer Research
1958 - ARPA Placed under DOD
1958 - Space Research is spun off to
separate organization, NASA 1958 - ARPANET Design discussion started
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1969 - DARPA commission the fisrt packet switchednetwork. The ARPANET will connect UCLA, SRI,UCSB, and UU with 56K lines.
1970 - ARPANET starts using the NCP protocol
1971 - ARPANET connects 15 sites includinguniversities and research organizations. Ray
Tomlinson invents the first email programARPANET Maps--
http://www.fixe.com/wizards/map.html
Phase 1 - The ARPANET
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1974 - TCP specification published
1978 - TCP split into TCP and IP
1983 - ARPANET converts to TCP/IP
1983 - UNIX (v4.2 BSD) released with TCP/IP
1983 - ARPANET splits into ARPANET andMILNET
Phase 1 - The ARPANET
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1985 - DNS Implemented
1986 - National Science Foundation (NSF)creates the NSFNET and connects Cornell,
Princeton, UC-SD, Pitt, and UI-UC with 56Klines
http://www.nsf.gov/od/lpa/news/media/backgr
1.htm 1988 - IANA created
1990 - ARPNET completely shutdown
Phase 1 - The ARPANET
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1988 - NSFNET upgraded to T1 (1,544Mbps) --
Creates campus, regional, beackbone design
1989 - First Interchange of internet email andcommercial email.
1990 - First ISP, The world comes online
Phase 2 - The NSFNET
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1991 - NSFNET Upgraded to T3 (44.736 Mb/s)
1991 - WWW created by Tim Beners-Lee at
CERN, http://www.cern.ch/
1991 - NSF lifts ban on commercia use of Internet
and the Commercial Internet eXchange (CIX)
Association created.
1992 - Surfing the Internet Coined by JeanArmour Polly
Phase 2 - The NSFNET
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1993 - InterNIC is created by NSF
1993 - Mosaic Introduce
1993 - WWW is 0.1% of NSFNET Traffic 1993 - NSF specifies creations of NAPs
1994 - NAPs created in San Francisco, Chicago,
Washington D.C., New Jersey
Phase 2 - The NSFNET
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1994 - WWW is second most popular Traffic on
NSFNET
1995 - The NSF decommissions NSFNET
1995 - NSF creates the very high speed Backbone
Network Service (vBNS)
Phase 2 - The NSFNET
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1993 - NSF specifies creations of NAPs
1994 - NAPs created
New york NAP operated by Sprint
http://www.sprintbiz.com/nap/ Washington D.C NAP operated by MCI WorldCom
http://208.234.102.97/MAE/
Chicago NAP perated by Ameritech
http://nap.aads.net/main.html San Francisco NAP operated by PacBell
http://www.pacbell.com/products/business/fastrak/
networking/nap/
Phase 3 - The NAPS
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1998 - ARIN begins operation
http://www.arin.net/
1999 - IANA Turns control over toICANN
http://www.iana.org
http://www.icann.org
Phase 3 - The NAPS
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ARPANET
1969--------------------1990
NSFNET1986-------------------1995
NAPs
1994----------Present
NAP -- Network Access Ppoint
The Internet Over Time
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1990 1995 2000
Today
- 20-40 M users
- 3.9 M connected computers- 40,000 networks- Gateways to 159 countries
- 400 - 800 M users- 100M connected computers- 1 M networks- Traffic exceeds voice telephony- Support $1T/yr in transactions
25
50
75
100
connectedcomputers(in Millions)
Fenomena Internet (1/2)
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Diperkirakan setiap harinya pengguna Internetbertambah 1000 user baru; hampir berlipat duadalam satu tahunnya di seluruh dunia.
40 million users in 1997 to 165 million in 2000(Goldman-Sach 1999)
Time to gain 50 million users :
Internet : 4 years
TV : 13 years Radio : 38 years
Fenomena Internet (2/2)
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46,0%42,0%
36,4%
29,2%
23,0%
Singapura Korea Taiwan Hongkong China
Pengguna Internet di Asia
http://www.netvalue.com/corp/presse/
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Dampak Internet
Menghilangkan batas negara, area,
dan waktu globalisasi
Redefinisi cara berkomunikasi,bekerja, belajar, berinteraksi,
hiburan, kesehatan, transaksidagang, dan ...
Internet changes everything !!
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