7. relevansi dan dinamika pengembangan

8/13/2019 7. Relevansi Dan Dinamika Pengembangan

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LEARNING ONJECTIVES

Aimed competency:

Conducting ethical justi f ication in every professional activities as a

medical doctor.

Topic : The Relevancy and the Dynamics of Development of

Medical Professional Ethics.

Lecture objectives:

1. Understanding the relevancy of the existency of medical

professional ethics. C3, A1, P1

2. Understanding the concept of biomedical ethics concept in

relation to medical professional ethics. C3, A1, P1

3. Understanding the determinant of bioethics development:empir ical experiences, phi losophic and sosciologic studies, and

rel igions norms. C3, A1, P1

4. Understanding the role and the position of professional organi -

zation in medical professional ethics codif ication.C3, A1, P13


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Ethics

Mankind Activities

Arts

Nice-badKnowledge

right-wrong

Moral

good-bad

3


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Moral dimension of the activities

value system: good or bad

morality

Morality for a specific ectivitiies/community

ethics

morality for medical professional

Medical professional ethics

= Medical Ethics

Meaning

3


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COMPETENCY

Specif ic privi lege Earned the life

3


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Medical Profession

Competency

dedicated his/her life

public trust

appreciationspecific privilege

authority

autonomyrecognized profession

Medical Profession

3


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RELEVANCY

Medical Profession Medical Ethics

Specific privilege

reciprocal commitment by the profession

a social contractquality care

updated competency

honorable care

medical profession ethics

ethical codes and guidelines

medical ethics3


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COMPETENCY

Specif ic privi lege Earned the life

Professional Ethics3


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RELEVANCY

Medical Ethics

Medical Ethics: A moral commitment by

the medical profession, that they wil l

honor the specif ic privilege trusted by thecommunity by render ing honorable

quali ty medical care.

Medical ethics code: the moral references

in render ing honorable medical care.3


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Other MEANING

A Study

Philosophical study

Moral philosophy

Ethics philosophy

What should be adopted

Theoretical Ethics - Normative Ethics

Prescr iptive Ethics3


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Other MEANINGS

A study

Empirical practices

Community morality

Applied EthicsDescriptive ethics

Sociologic study

3


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Biomedical Sciences

Medical Technologies

Rapid development

ample choicemore sophisticated

team approach

complicated system

Widening the scope of ethical problems

DEVELOPMENT

3


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Biomedical Sciences

Medical Technologies

Rapid development

Objectsubject: human - mankindThe studyoutcome of the study influence

human dignity

More expensive

Team approach - System

development of the dimensions/ intensity

of ethical problems

DEVELOPMENT

3


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before: focus mainly on patient safety and

interest

More complicated moral issue on:

Social justice

Human dignity

Respect of life

DEVELOPMENT

Dimensions and intensity

3


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BIOMEDICAL ETHICS CONCEPT

I ntegration all dimensions

BIOMEDICAL ETHICSBIOETHICS

Compilation all aspects of biomedical ethics

development

But sti l l in the context of health

study on ethical, social, laws on other issues

related to medical cares and biomedical sciences

A scientific disciplineMedical ethics is a part of bioethics.

Medical professional should comply to bioethics3


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DEVELOPMENT OF BIOMEDICAL ETHICS

Four media:

1.Empirical experiences

2. Sociologic studies

3. Philosophy studies

4. Religion norms3


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EMPIRICAL EXPERIENCES

Medical practice:

Rapidly develop

Moral conduct of doctors

Accepted morality

Compilation

New ethical guideline3


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SOCIOLOGIC STUDIES

Medical practice:

Varied practiced morali ty

Practiced

Sociologic studies

Generalization

Suggested ethical norms3


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PHILOSOPHIC STUDIES

Moral philosophy

Moral theory

Bioethics principle

Recommended norms

Theoritical ethics3


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Science

philosophy

MoralPhilosophy

Sciences

Moral

norms

rightwrong

nature

good

badendeavor

3


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THEORY

Utilitarian

Good - bad ~ Consequences

Multiple consequencesstudies

Rule Util i tar ianAct Uti l i tar ian

3


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THEORY

Deontology - Kantianism

Good - Bad ~ Ratio - thinking

Maxim = moral responsibilityPositive duties

Negative dutiesmultiple dimension

3


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THEORY

Individualism

Good - Bad ~ Individual right

freedom to decide - liberalism

Positive/ negative r ight

I ndividual person vs CommunityIndividual responsibility

3


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THEORY

Communitarian

Good - Bad ~ Communal morality

community responsibility X liberalism

3


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THEORY

Ethics of care - Feminism

Good - Bad ~ Emotional binding

Moral commitmentCaringLovingInner binding

I nter relationship

Reciprocal needs

3


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RELIGION

Religion norms

Practical

aspects

Interpretation

Ethical codes3


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Varied medium

Dynamics of thinking andpractices

Varied normsUniversalisme vs Relativisme

Basic principle: universal

Praxis: relative

3


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CODIFICATIONMedical ethics - World

World Medical Association

International Code of Medical Ethics

(London 1948 revision)

+ Declaration3

CODIFICATION


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CODIFICATIONMedical ethics - Indonesia

Peer Group

Professional Organization

MKEK IDI

Compi la t ion Codification

KODEKI

Fatwa - Pendapat3

CODIFICATION


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CODIFICATIONBiomedical study - World

Nurenberg Code1947

Autonomy Risk Scientif ic foundation

Helsinki Declaration1967ccccWritten protocol r isk managable

WHO-CIOMS1982-1983-1991

Ethical Review CommitteeUSPHBelmont Report1978-cccc

Animal study3

CO CA O


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CODIFICATIONBiomedical study - Indonesia

FKUI - Indonesian Dean - 1987Pedoman Etik Peneli tian

Kedokteran I ndonesia

Badan POM - 2000

Cara Uj i Kl inik yang Baik

Komnas Etik Penelitian Keseh. 2004

Pedoman Etik Peneli tian Kesehatan

I ndonesia3

CODIFICATION


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CODIFICATIONHospital ethics

Based on medical ethics

Pioneered by the doctor

Adopted by the government

PERATURAN MENTERI KESEHATAN

No.24/Menkes/SK/XII/1988.

Developed by peer group - PERSI

KODERSI-20013

DEVELOPMENT


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DEVELOPMENT

Regulation and enforcement

Community morality

Profession Ethics

System bylaws

State laws

3

CLOSING REMARK


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CLOSING REMARKBioethics - dynamics

Focal point: professional conducts

Altruism

Holly tradition of medical profession

i . Believe in God.

i i . Pure goal

i i i . Holly character

iv. Humblev. Seriousness

vi. Scienti f ic and social integrity

vi i Peer spir i t3

7. relevansi dan dinamika pengembangan

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