00051-phoenix ada
TRANSCRIPT
-
8/14/2019 00051-Phoenix ADA
1/4
This special report presents findings based on datasubmitted by 14 hospitals in the Phoenixmetropolitan area for 2002.
Of the 880,000 visits to Phoenix area emergencydepartments (EDs) in 2002, slightly more than1 percent (10,292) were related to drug abuse.
During 2002, the most common drugs involvedin these ED visits were alcohol in combinationwith other drugs, narcotic analgesics (painrelievers), cocaine, benzodiazepines,amphetamines, and marijuana.
Between 1995 and 2002, ED mentions of painrelievers in Phoenix increased 156 percent (from24 to 62 mentions per 100,000 population).
Among the DAWN areas, Phoenix ranked inthe top 5 in terms of ED visits involvingamphetamines and methamphetamine in 2002.
DAWN: The Warning NetworkLocal information is essential tosupport local action, and drugs, druguse, and drug-related morbidity candiffer dramatically across communities.DAWN focuses on metropolitan areasto reveal emerging drug problemsbefore they become widespread.DAWN detects new drugs, new drugcombinations, new health consequencesof drug use, and changing patterns involvingold drugs. Facilities participating in DAWNcan use this information to train staff andimprove patient care. Communities can use thisinformation to plan, target resources, and act more effectively.
Today, hospitals in Phoenix and 20 other metropolitan areas serve theircommunities by participating in DAWN. Expansion to other areas is underway.
APRIL 2004
DAWNserves a diverse audience. In addition to participating facilities, users include researchers and policy analysts; pharmaceutical firms;
State and local substance abuse agencies; community coalitions; and Federal agencies, including the White House Office of National Drug
Control Policy, the Food and Drug Administration, and the National Institute on Drug Abuse. For more information, go to
http://DAWNinfo.samhsa.gov/.
Detroit
Buffalo
Boston
New York
Newark
Philadelphia
Chicago
Minneapolis
St. Louis
Seattle
DenverSan Francisco
Los Angeles
PhoenixDallas
Atlanta
Washington
Baltimore
Miami
New
Orleans
San
Diego
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Amphet-amines
Benzo-diazepines
CocaineNarcoticanalgesics
(pain relievers)
Alcohol-in-combination
2,239
1,727
1,4361,548
Numberofvi
sits
1,838
Top 5 drugs in drug abuse-relatedED visits in Phoenix, 2002
Highlights From DAWN: Phoenix, 2002
-
8/14/2019 00051-Phoenix ADA
2/4
Trends in Top 4 Drugs, 1995-2002
2 HIGHLIGHTS FROM DAWN: PHOENIX 2002
Benzodiazepines
Pain Relievers
Cocaine
Amphetamines
From 1995 to 2002, pain relievers implicated indrug abuse-related ED visits in Phoenix rose 156
percent (from 24 to 62 ED mentions per 100,000population). The national rate increased similarlyin percentage terms over the 8-year period (from19 to 46 mentions per 100,000 population).
Oxycodone, hydrocodone, and methadone werethe most frequently named pain relievers in drugabuse-related ED visits in Phoenix in 2002.
From 1995 to 1999, the rate of cocaine-related EDvisits in Phoenix rose (from 59 to 91 visits per100,000), but by 2002 had returned to 1995 levels.
Almost two-thirds (62%) of cocaine-related EDvisits in Phoenix also involved other drugs.
About one-sixth (16%) of the cocaine-relatedED visits in Phoenix in 2002 were attributedto crack.
The rate of amphetamine-related ED visits inPhoenix increased by 56 percent between 2001and 2002 alone (from 31 to 49 visits per 100,000population).
In 2002, the rate of amphetamine-related EDvisits in Phoenix stood at more than 6 timesthe national rate (8 visits per 100,000).
In Phoenix, ED visits involving amphetaminesusually involved other drugs as well (57%).
From 1995 to 2002, benzodiazepines implicated indrug abuse-related ED visits in Phoenix remainedrelatively stable. Nationally, the rate increased 25percent during this time (from 33 to 41 visits).
Clonazepam, alprazolam, lorazepam, anddiazepam were the most frequently namedbenzodiazepines in drug abuse-related ED visitsin Phoenix in 2002.
0
25
50
75
100
20022001200019991998199719961995
Rateper100,0
00
population Phoenix
U.S.
0
25
50
75
100
20022001200019991998199719961995
Rateper100,0
00
population Phoenix
U.S.
0
25
50
75
100
20022001200019991998199719961995
Rateper100,0
00
population
Phoenix
U.S.
0
25
50
75
100
20022001200019991998199719961995
Rateper100,0
00
population
Phoenix
U.S.
-
8/14/2019 00051-Phoenix ADA
3/4
???
HIGHLIGHTS FROM DAWN: PHOENIX 2002 3
Comparisons Across 21 Metropolitan Areas
The following figures show Phoenix in relation to the Nation and 20 other metropolitan areas represented in DAWNfor selected drugs in 2002. Comparisons across areas are possible because the number of visits for each drug isrepresented in terms of a rate per 100,000 population. Not all differences in rates are statistically significant.
0 225
Miami
Washington, DC
Dallas
Los Angeles
Atlanta
Denver
Minneapolis
San Diego
San Francisco
New York
Chicago
Phoenix
Newark
St. Louis
Philadelphia
Seattle
Boston
Detroit
New Orleans
Buffalo
Baltimore
Total U.S.
Pain Reliever visitsRate per 100,000 population, 2002
46
165
106
98
97
97
95
81
68
22
64
62
61
55
52
46
40
34
30
28
28
26
0 300
San Diego
Dallas
Minneapolis
Phoenix
Washington, DC
Denver
Los Angeles
New Orleans
San Francisco
St. Louis
Boston
Seattle
New York
Buffalo
Detroit
Newark
Atlanta
Miami
Baltimore
Philadelphia
Chicago
Total U.S.
Cocaine visitsRate per 100,000 population, 2002
78
275
274
257
240
239
186
182
171
32
166
164
156
153
150
145
108
82
71
59
55
46
0 130
Washington, DC
New York
Denver
Minneapolis
Los Angeles
Dallas
Atlanta
Buffalo
San Francisco
San Diego
Chicago
Miami
Seattle
Phoenix
Newark
Baltimore
Detroit
St. Louis
New Orleans
Philadelphia
Boston
Total U.S. 41
102
95
82
78
69
60
57
53
21
50
49
47
45
42
35
34
30
28
26
26
22
Benzodiazepines visitsRate per 100,000 population, 2002
0 160
New York
Buffalo
Miami
Chicago
Philadelphia
Minneapolis
Newark
Dallas
Baltimore
New Orleans
Detroit
Boston
Atlanta
St. Louis
Los Angeles
Seattle
Denver
San Diego
San Francisco
Phoenix
Total U.S.
Amphetamine visitsRate per 100,000 population, 2002
8
49
45
45
24
21
19
18
1
16
15
11
11
10
9
9
8
7
7
3
3
-
8/14/2019 00051-Phoenix ADA
4/4
???
4 HIGHLIGHTS FROM DAWN: PHOENIX 2002
About DAWN
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
The Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) is a national surveillance system that monitors drug-relatedmorbidity and mortality. Section 505 of the Public Health Service Act assigns this responsibility to the SubstanceAbuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), an agency of the U.S. Department of Health andHuman Services. The Act requires SAMHSA to report annually on drug-related visits to hospital emergencydepartments and on drug-related deaths reviewed by medical examiners and coroners. SAMHSA has a contract
with Westat, a private research firm based in Rockville, MD, to operate the DAWN system.
DAWN collects data from a scientific sample of hospital emergency departments and a set of medical examinersand coroners from across the U.S., with concentrations in selected metropolitan areas. Each participating facilityhas a DAWN Reporter who is specially trained to identify DAWN cases by retrospectively reviewing emergencydepartment medical records or death investigation case files. No patient, family member, or physician is everinterviewed. No direct identifiers for individual patients or decedents are collected.
Beginning in 2003, DAWN cases include any emergency department visit or death that was related to drug use.Reportable cases include drug abuse, misuse, overmedication, accidental and malicious poisonings, and adversedrug reactions. For each case, the DAWN Reporter submits a case report detailing the specific drugs involved,and characteristics of the patient or decedent and event (visit or death). Patient and decedent characteristics
include demographics (age, gender, race/ethnicity) and ZIP code. Other data items include date/time, chiefcomplaint, diagnoses, and disposition for each emergency department visit; and date, cause, manner, and placeof death for each decedent.