yoseph aditya 22010110110032 bab8kti -...

70

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

1. Alatas H, Tambunan T, Trihono P, Pardede SO. Konsensus Tatalaksana

Sindrom Nefrotik Idiopatik pada Anak. Jakarta. Indonesia:2005.

2. Gbadegesin R, Smoyer WE. Dalam: Denis F, Geary, Franz Schaefer,

penyunting. Comprhensive pediatric nephrology. China: Gearysch mosby;

2008. h.205

3. Lane JC. Nephrotic syndrome [serial online]. 12 Mei 2010 [cited 7 Februari

2014]. Didapat dari: www.emedicine.medscape.com/article/9892920-

overview

4. Wiguno Prodjosujadi, Divisi Ginjal Hipertensi. Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit

Dalam . edisi 4. Jakarta: Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Dalam

Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; 2006.

5. Sukandar E, Sulaeman R. Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Jilid II. Jakarta: Balai

Penerbit FKUI;1990. p. 282-305.

6. Orth SR, Ritz E. The Nephrotic Syndrome. N Engl.Med 1998;338:1201-12.

7. Varni J.W., Seid M, Rode C.A. The PedsQLTM measurement model for the

pediatric quality of life inventory.PubMed.1999; 37(2):126-39. Available

from www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10024117

71

8. Clark A.G, Barratt T.M. Steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome. Dalam: Pine

J.W., penyunting. Pediatric Nephrology. United States of America: Lippincott

Williams&Wilkins; 1999.h.731-45.

9. Otukesh H, Otukesh S, Mojtahedzadeh M, Hoseini R, Fereshtehnejad S.M.,

Riahi A.F. et.al. Management and outcome of steroid-resistant nephrotic

syndrome in children.2009 [cited 24 Januari 2014]. Available from:

http://translate.google.co.id/translate?hl=id&langpair=en|id&u=http://www.ijk

d.org/index.php/ujkd/article/viewFile/122/129

10. Nachman Patrick H, Jannette Charles J., Falk Ronald J. Primary Glomerular

Disease. In: Brenner, Barry M, editors. The Kidney 8th Edition volume 1.

Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier;2008. p. 1000-03, 1019-28.

11. Wila WIrya IG. Sindrom Nefrotik. Dalam Alatas H, Tambunan T, Trihono P,

Pardede SO. Buku Ajar Nefrologi Anak. Edisi Kedua. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit

FKUI; 2002. h.381-91, 410-22.

12. Appel GB. Glomeruler Disorders and Nephrotic Syndromes. In:Goldman L,

Ausiello D,eds.Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders

Elxevier.2007: chap 122.

13. Kumar Vinay, Cotran Ranzi S., Robbins Stanley L. Buku Ajar Patologi

Volume 2. Edisi 7. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kedokteran EGC; 2010.

14. Wijaya Indra, Miranti Ika Pawitra. Patologi Ginjal dan Saluran Kemih.

Semarang: Bagian Patologi Anatomi FK UNDIP;2001.

72

15. Bahiense, Oliviera M, Saldanha LB, Andrade Mota El, et.al. Primary

Glomerular Disease in Brazil: 1979-1999. Is The Frequency of FSGS

increasing? Clin Nephrology. 2004;61: 90-7.

16. Kitiyakana C, Eggers P, Kopp JB. 21 year trend in ESRD due to FSGS in The

United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;44: 815-25.

17. Batinic Danko, Milosevic Danko, Coric Marijana, Scukanec-Spoljar Mira,

Konjevoda Pasko, Batinic Danica et.al. Idiopathic nephritic syndrome in

children: review of 282 Croatian cases. Clinical Nephrology. 2012 ; vol.78-

No. 2/2012(116-21). Available from: www.dustri.com/nc/article

18. Kanemoto Katsuyoshi, Ito Hidekazu, Anzai Michiko, Matsumura Chieko,

Kurayama Hideaki et.al. Clinical significance of IgM and C1q deposition in

the mesangium in pediatric idiopathic nephritic syndrome. JNephrology.

2013; 26(02):306-14. Available from: www.jnephrol.com/article/clinical-sign

19. D’Agati V. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. In: D’Agati V, Jannette JC,

Siva FS, eds. Atlas of Non-Tumor Pathology: Nonneoplastic Kidney Disease.

Silver Springer, Md: American Registry of Pathology Brees, 2005: 125-59.

20. Haas M, Maehan S, Karrion TG, Spargo BH. Changing Etiologies of

unexplained adult Nephrotic Syndrome: A Comparison of Renal Biopsy

Finding From 1976-1979 and 1995-1997. Am J Kidney Dis.1997;30:621-31.

21. Aggarwal N, Appel GB. Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis. In: Greenberg

A, ed.Primer on Kidney Disease. 5th ed., Philadelphia: WB: Saunder;2009:

165-70.

73

22. Ahmadzedah A, Derakhsan A, Hakimzadeh M, Zolfigol A. Idiopathic

Nephrotic Syndrome in Iranian Children. Indian Pediatrics 2008; 45;52-3.

23. Nasution A., Aumas P. Gambaran Klinis Laboratorium dan Hasil Pengobatan

Sindrom Nefrotik Pada Anak yang dirawat di bagian IKA RSUP Dr. M.

Djamil Padang periode 1997-2000. Disampaikan pada KONIKA XII Bali:

Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia;2001.

24. Nilawati G.A.P. Profil Sindrom Nefrotik pada Ruang Perawatan Anak RSUP

Sanglah Denpasar. Denpasar : Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Fakultas

Kedokteran Universitas Udayana;2012.

25. NiaudetP. Steroid-sensitive idiopathic nephritic syndrome. Dalam: Avner ED,

Harmon WE, NIaudet P. Pediatric nephrology. Edisi ke-5. Philadelphia:

Lippincott Williams&Wilkins;2004.h.545-73.

26. Okoro BA, Okafur HU. Childhood nephrotic syndrome in Enugu, Nigeria.

West Afr J Med 2000; 19:137-41.

74

DAFTAR TILIK PENELUSURAN REKAM MEDIK

Tabel 5. Daftar Tilik Penelusuran Rekam Medik

No. Keterangan

1. Nama

2. Jenis Kelamin

3. Umur

4. Berat Badan

5. Tinggi Badan

6. Tekanan Darah <115/75 120-139/80-89 >140/90

7. Kolesterol Total <200 mg/dl >200 mg/dl

8. Trigiliserida

9. Protein urin (-) (+)1 (+)2 (+)3 (+)4

10. Albumin <3,5 g/dl >3,5 g/dl

11. Hematuria (-) (+)1 (+)2 (+)3 (+)4

12. Edema YA TIDAK

13. Gangguan LapangPandang

YA TIDAK

14. Infeksi Saluran NapasAtas

YA TIDAK

75

15. Hasil Biopsi

80

Spreadsheet Data

No. Jenis

Kelamin

TD

(mmHg)

Chol.

(mg/dl)

TG

(mg/dl)

Ggn Lap

Pandang

ISPA Biopsi

1 L 110/60 >200 150-199 Tidak Tidak FSGS

2 P 160/90 >200 >200 Tidak Tidak FSGS

3 L 115/70 >200 >200 Tidak Tidak FSGS

4 P 110/80 >200 150-199 Tidak Tidak MN5 L 100/60 >200 >200 Tidak Tidak FSGS

6 P 120/90 >200 150-199 Tidak Tidak FSGS

7 P 110/80 >200 >200 Tidak Tidak MN8 L 90/60 >200 150-199 Tidak Tidak FSGS9 P 120/80 >200 <150 Ya Tidak MPGN10 L 140/100 >200 <150 Ya Tidak MPGN11 L 115/75 >200 <150 Tidak Ya MCD12 P 150/110 >200 150-199 Ya Ya FSGS


14 P 130/80 >200 <150 Tidak Tidak FSGS



17 L 160/100 <200 <150 Tidak Ya FSGS



20 L 110/70 >200 150-199 Ya Tidak FSGS

21 P 110/70 >200 >200 Tidak Ya MCD22 P 100/60 >200 >200 Tidak Ya MCD23 L 90/50 >200 150-199 Tidak Tidak FSGS



26 L 120/87 >200 3 Tidak Tidak FSGS

27 L 100/60 >200 3 Tidak Ya FSGS

28 P 90/60 >200 3 Tidak Tidak FSGS

29 L 100/60 >200 <150 Tidak Tidak FSGS

30 L 120/80 >200 3 Tidak Tidak FSGS


82

OUTPUT STATISTIK

Analisis Univariat

Statistics

Jenis

Kelamin Umur

Tekanan

Darah Cholesterol TG

Prot.Uri

n Albumin Hematuria Edema

Ggn.LapangP

andang ISNA Biopsi

N Valid 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31 31

Missing 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Mean 1.39 1.8710 1.5484 1.9677 2.1935 3.1613 1.0000 .6129 1.0000 .1290 .1935 2.7742

Median 1.00 1.0000 1.0000 2.0000 2.0000 3.0000 1.0000 .0000 1.0000 .0000 .0000 3.0000

Std. Deviation .495 1.28431 1.05952 .17961 .74919 .86011 .00000 1.14535 .00000 .34078 .40161 .71692

Minimum 1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 .00 1.00 .00 .00 1.00

Maximum 2 6.00 4.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 1.00 4.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 4.00

Frequency Table

Jenis Kelamin

Frequency Percent Valid Percent

Cumulative

Percent

Valid Laki-Laki 19 61.3 61.3 61.3

Perempuan 12 38.7 38.7 100.0

83

Jenis Kelamin


Cumulative

Percent

Valid Laki-Laki 19 61.3 61.3 61.3

Perempuan 12 38.7 38.7 100.0

Total 31 100.0 100.0

Umur


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 1-10 tahun 16 51.6 51.6 51.6

11-20 tahun 10 32.3 32.3 83.9

21-30 tahun 1 3.2 3.2 87.1

31-40 tahun 2 6.5 6.5 93.5

41-50 tahun 1 3.2 3.2 96.8

51-60 tahun 1 3.2 3.2 100.0

Total 31 100.0 100.0

Tekanan Darah

84


Cumulative

Percent

Valid 120/80 23 74.2 74.2 74.2

120-139/80-89 3 9.7 9.7 83.9

140-149/90-99 1 3.2 3.2 87.1

>150/100 4 12.9 12.9 100.0

Total 31 100.0 100.0

Cholesterol


Cumulative

Percent

Valid < 200 mg/dl 1 3.2 3.2 3.2

> 200 mg/dl 30 96.8 96.8 100.0

Total 31 100.0 100.0

TG


Cumulative

Percent

Valid <150 mg/dl 6 19.4 19.4 19.4

150-199 mg/dl 13 41.9 41.9 61.3

85

> 200 mg/dl 12 38.7 38.7 100.0

Total 31 100.0 100.0

Prot.Urin


Cumulative

Percent

Valid +1 2 6.5 6.5 6.5

+2 3 9.7 9.7 16.1

+3 14 45.2 45.2 61.3

+4 12 38.7 38.7 100.0

Total 31 100.0 100.0

Albumin


Cumulative

Percent

86

Albumin


Cumulative

Percent

Valid < 3,5 g/dl 31 100.0 100.0 100.0

Hematuria


Cumulative

Percent

Valid Negatif 23 74.2 74.2 74.2

+1 1 3.2 3.2 77.4

+2 4 12.9 12.9 90.3

+3 2 6.5 6.5 96.8

+4 1 3.2 3.2 100.0

Total 31 100.0 100.0

Edema


Cumulative

Percent

Valid Ya 31 100.0 100.0 100.0

87

Ggn.LapangPandang


Cumulative

Percent

Valid Tidak 27 87.1 87.1 87.1

Ya 4 12.9 12.9 100.0

Total 31 100.0 100.0

ISNA


Cumulative

Percent

Valid Tidak 25 80.6 80.6 80.6

Ya 6 19.4 19.4 100.0

Total 31 100.0 100.0

Biopsi


Cumulative

Percent

Valid Minimal Change Disease 3 9.7 9.7 9.7

Nefropati Membranosa 3 9.7 9.7 19.4

88

Focal Segmental

Glomerulosclerosis

23 74.2 74.2 93.5

Membrano Proliferative

Glomerulonephritis

2 6.5 6.5 100.0

Total 31 100.0 100.0

89

Crosstabs

Case Processing Summary

Cases

Valid Missing Total

N Percent N Percent N Percent

Jenis Kelamin * Biopsi 31 100.0% 0 .0% 31 100.0%

Umur * Biopsi 31 100.0% 0 .0% 31 100.0%

Tekanan Darah * Biopsi 31 100.0% 0 .0% 31 100.0%

Cholesterol * Biopsi 31 100.0% 0 .0% 31 100.0%

TG * Biopsi 31 100.0% 0 .0% 31 100.0%

Prot.Urin * Biopsi 31 100.0% 0 .0% 31 100.0%

Albumin * Biopsi 31 100.0% 0 .0% 31 100.0%

Hematuria * Biopsi 31 100.0% 0 .0% 31 100.0%

Edema * Biopsi 31 100.0% 0 .0% 31 100.0%

Ggn.LapangPandang * Biopsi 31 100.0% 0 .0% 31 100.0%

ISNA * Biopsi 31 100.0% 0 .0% 31 100.0%

Jenis Kelamin * Biopsi

90

Crosstab

Biopsi

Total

Minimal

Change

Disease

Nefropati

Membranosa

Focal

Segmental

Glomeruloscle

rosis

Membrano

Proliferative

Glomerulonep

hritis

Jenis Kelamin Laki-Laki Count 1 1 16 1 19

% of Total 3.2% 3.2% 51.6% 3.2% 61.3%

Perempuan Count 2 2 7 1 12

% of Total 6.5% 6.5% 22.6% 3.2% 38.7%

Total Count 3 3 23 2 31

% of Total 9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

Value df

Asymp. Sig. (2-

sided)

Pearson Chi-Square 2.748a 3 .432

Likelihood Ratio 2.703 3 .440

Linear-by-Linear Association 1.388 1 .239

N of Valid Cases 31

91

Chi-Square Tests

Value df

Asymp. Sig. (2-

sided)




N of Valid Cases 31

a. 6 cells (75.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected

count is .77.

Umur * Biopsi

Crosstab

Biopsi

Total

Minimal

Change

Disease

Nefropati

Membranosa

Focal

Segmental

Glomerulosc

lerosis

Membrano

Proliferative

Glomerulone

phritis

Umur 1-10 tahun Count 2 0 13 1 16

% of

Total

6.5% .0% 41.9% 3.2% 51.6%

11-20

tahun

Count 1 3 6 0 10

% of

Total

3.2% 9.7% 19.4% .0% 32.3%

92

21-30

tahun

Count 0 0 1 0 1

% of

Total

.0% .0% 3.2% .0% 3.2%

31-40

tahun

Count 0 0 1 1 2

% of

Total

.0% .0% 3.2% 3.2% 6.5%

41-50

tahun

Count 0 0 1 0 1

% of

Total

.0% .0% 3.2% .0% 3.2%

51-60

tahun

Count 0 0 1 0 1

% of

Total

.0% .0% 3.2% .0% 3.2%


% of

Total

9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

Value df

Asymp. Sig. (2-

sided)



Linear-by-Linear Association .660 1 .417

93

N of Valid Cases 31


count is .06.

Tekanan Darah * Biopsi

Crosstab

Biopsi

Total

Minimal

Change

Disease

Nefropati

Membranosa

Focal

Segmental

Glomeruloscl

erosis

Membrano

Proliferative

Glomerulonep

hritis

Tekanan Darah 120/80 Count 3 2 17 1 23

% of

Total

9.7% 6.5% 54.8% 3.2% 74.2%

120-139/80-89 Count 0 0 3 0 3

% of

Total

.0% .0% 9.7% .0% 9.7%

140-149/90-99 Count 0 0 0 1 1

% of

Total

.0% .0% .0% 3.2% 3.2%

>150/100 Count 0 1 3 0 4

94

% of

Total

.0% 3.2% 9.7% .0% 12.9%


% of

Total

9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

Value df

Asymp. Sig. (2-

sided)




N of Valid Cases 31


count is .06.

Cholesterol * Biopsi

Crosstab

95

Biopsi

Total

Minimal

Change

Disease

Nefropati

Membranosa

Focal

Segmental

Glomeruloscle

rosis

Membrano

Proliferative

Glomerulonep

hritis

Cholesterol < 200 mg/dl Count 0 1 0 0 1

% of Total .0% 3.2% .0% .0% 3.2%

> 200 mg/dl Count 3 2 23 2 30

% of Total 9.7% 6.5% 74.2% 6.5% 96.8%


% of Total 9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

Value df

Asymp. Sig. (2-

sided)



96


N of Valid Cases 31


count is .06.

TG * Biopsi

Crosstab

Biopsi

Total

Minimal

Change

Disease

Nefropati

Membranosa

Focal

Segmental

Glomeruloscler

osis

Membrano

Proliferative

Glomeruloneph

ritis

TG <150 mg/dl Count 1 1 2 2 6

% of Total 3.2% 3.2% 6.5% 6.5% 19.4%

150-199 mg/dl Count 0 1 12 0 13

% of Total .0% 3.2% 38.7% .0% 41.9%

> 200 mg/dl Count 2 1 9 0 12

% of Total 6.5% 3.2% 29.0% .0% 38.7%


% of Total 9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

97

Chi-Square Tests

Value df

Asymp. Sig. (2-

sided)




N of Valid Cases 31


count is .39.

Prot.Urin * Biopsi

Crosstab

98

Biopsi

Total

Minimal

Change

Disease

Nefropati

Membranosa

Focal

Segmental

Glomeruloscl

erosis

Membrano

Proliferative

Glomerulone

phritis

Prot.Uri

n

+1 Count 0 0 2 0 2

% of

Total

.0% .0% 6.5% .0% 6.5%

+2 Count 0 0 3 0 3

% of

Total

.0% .0% 9.7% .0% 9.7%

+3 Count 2 2 9 1 14

% of

Total

6.5% 6.5% 29.0% 3.2% 45.2%

+4 Count 1 1 9 1 12

% of

Total

3.2% 3.2% 29.0% 3.2% 38.7%


% of

Total

9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

99

Chi-Square Tests

Value df

Asymp. Sig. (2-

sided)




N of Valid Cases 31


count is .13.

Albumin * Biopsi

Crosstab

Biopsi

Total

Minimal

Change

Disease

Nefropati

Membranosa

Focal

Segmental

Glomerulosc

lerosis

Membrano

Proliferative

Glomerulone

phritis

Albumi

n

< 3,5

g/dl

Count 3 3 23 2 31

% of

Total

9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

100


% of

Total

9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

Value

Pearson Chi-Square .a

N of Valid Cases 31

a. No statistics are computed because

Albumin is a constant.

Hematuria * Biopsi

Crosstab

Biopsi

Total

Minimal

Change

Disease

Nefropati

Membranosa

Focal

Segmental

Glomerulosc

lerosis

Membrano

Proliferative

Glomerulone

phritis

Hematuri Negatif Count 3 1 18 1 23

101

a % of

Total

9.7% 3.2% 58.1% 3.2% 74.2%

+1 Count 0 0 1 0 1

% of

Total

.0% .0% 3.2% .0% 3.2%

+2 Count 0 0 3 1 4

% of

Total

.0% .0% 9.7% 3.2% 12.9%

+3 Count 0 1 1 0 2

% of

Total

.0% 3.2% 3.2% .0% 6.5%

+4 Count 0 1 0 0 1

% of

Total

.0% 3.2% .0% .0% 3.2%


% of

Total

9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

Value df

Asymp. Sig. (2-

sided)




102

N of Valid Cases 31


count is .06.

Edema * Biopsi

Crosstab

Biopsi

Total

Minimal

Change

Disease

Nefropati

Membranosa

Focal

Segmental

Glomeruloscl

erosis

Membrano

Proliferative

Glomerulone

phritis

Edema Ya Count 3 3 23 2 31

% of

Total

9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%


% of

Total

9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

103

Chi-Square Tests

Value

Pearson Chi-Square .a

N of Valid Cases 31

a. No statistics are computed because

Edema is a constant.

Ggn.LapangPandang * Biopsi

Crosstab

Biopsi

Total

Minimal

Change

Disease

Nefropati

Membranosa

Focal

Segmental

Glomeruloscle

rosis

Membrano

Proliferative

Glomerulonep

hritis

Ggn.LapangPandang Tidak Count 3 3 21 0 27

% of Total 9.7% 9.7% 67.7% .0% 87.1%

Ya Count 0 0 2 2 4

% of Total .0% .0% 6.5% 6.5% 12.9%


% of Total 9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

104

Chi-Square Tests

Value df

Asymp. Sig. (2-

sided)




N of Valid Cases 31


count is .26.

ISNA * Biopsi

Crosstab

Biopsi

Total

Minimal

Change

Disease

Nefropati

Membranosa

Focal

Segmental

Glomeruloscl

erosis

Membrano

Proliferative

Glomerulone

phritis

ISNA Tidak Count 0 2 21 2 25

% of

Total

.0% 6.5% 67.7% 6.5% 80.6%

Ya Count 3 1 2 0 6

105

% of

Total

9.7% 3.2% 6.5% .0% 19.4%


% of

Total

9.7% 9.7% 74.2% 6.5% 100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

Value df

Asymp. Sig. (2-

sided)




N of Valid Cases 31


count is .39.

106

Biodata Mahasiswa

Identitas

Nama : Yoseph Aditya Dharmawan Suriyanto

NIM : 22010110110032

Tempat/tanggal lahir : Semarang, 7 Maret 1992

Jenis kelamin : Laki – Laki

Alamat : Perum The Hills TamanSari D5/31, Tembalang,

Semarang.

Nomor HP : 081327020036

Email : [email protected]

Riwayat Pendidikan Formal

1. SD : SD Santa Maria Purwokerto Lulus tahun : 2004

2. SMP : SMP Negeri 1 Purwokerto Lulus tahun : 2007

3. SMA : SMA Negeri 1 Purwokerto Lulus tahun : 2010

4. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Masuk tahun: 2010

yoseph aditya 22010110110032 bab8kti -...

Documents