U R B A N S I G N S

JOKO ‘GUNDUL’SULISTIONOPRIYARIS MUNANDARSUJARWODENY BOJONGLENNY RATNASARI WEICHERT

Joko ‘Gundul’ Sulistiono, Priyaris Munandar,

Sujarwo, Lenny Ratnasari Weichert, Deny Bojong

april 27 - may 27, 2013

URBAN SIGNS

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Berawal dari tanda (sign). Karya manusia, apa pun itu, tak pernah muncul dari ruang vakum. Seni rupa dalam hal ini merupakan karya dengan terlebih dulu muncul dalam keterkaitan relasional antara minat dengan adanya rangsangan. Keterkaitan ini biasanya disebut sebagai proses penandaan dan proses ini berlangsung secara sangat internal (per-gumulan estetik dalam diri kreator)

Philo Art Space kali ini menggelar pameran seni rupa (karya lukis dan patung) dengan mengambil tema Urban Signs. Ruang dan waktu atau kondisi dari apa yang kita sebut “ur-ban” itu sudah tentu merupakan proses tanda-tanda tertentu secara internal dari semua pihak yang terlibat di dalamnya, sadar atau tidak.

Seorang perupa memiliki gambaran ideal atau konsep tentang dunia rupa dalam pikirannya (petanda, signified) dan dengan potensi in-drawinya ia menangkap tanda-tanda ekster-nal atau biasa disebut “penanda” (signifier). Konsep dan potensi indrawi inilah yang men-jadi dasar adanya pengetahuan (proses pen-andaan) itu sebagai sebuah karya. Tegasnya, sebuah karya tak lain dan tak bukan adalah “sistem tanda”, bukan semata-mata idea mau-pun material.

Sebuah produk, dalam konteks di sini yai-tu karya seni rupa, sebagai “sistem tanda” hanya mungkin kita pahami lewat bahasa. Se-layaknya bahasa tak hanya dipahami dalam artian sempit yaitu bahasa sebagai alat komunikasi tapi juga sebagai proses tanda (signifier-signified) yang berlangsung dalam diri seseorang. Mengamati sebuah karya seni rupa sama halnya kita berusaha membaca atau menginterpretasi bahasa karya itu dan dalam usaha ini kita sendiri pun sudah melaku-

It is born out of sign. Human creations, whatever

those may be, never materialized from vacuum. Arts

are creations resulted from a relational connection

between passion and stimulants. This connection is

usually called as signifying process and this process

runs at a very internal level, in the aesthetic battle of

the creator.

Philo Art Space is presenting paintings and sculpture

in the theme of Urban Signs. The space and time or

condition that we call ‘urban’ is certainly an internal

process of specific signs of all the parties involved in it,

whether they are aware of it or not.

An artist has an ideal picture or concept of the art world

in their mind (signified) and with all the sensory talent

that they have, they capture the external signs (usually

called signifier). It is this concept and the sensory

talent that form the foundation of the knowledge (the

signifying process) as a creation. Put simply, a creation

is none other than a ‘system of signs’, not a mere idea

or material.

A product, which in this context is an art work, as a

‘system of signs’ may only be understood through

language. But we shall not see language in its narrow

sense as a means to communicate, but to see it as a

signifying (signifier – signified) process occurring in a

self. To observe a creation of art is comparable to trying

to read or interpreting the language of the creation,

and in this effort to understand itself we are going

through the signifying process, as we put meaning to

the language of the creation. Our interpretation may

URBAN SIGNS

URBAN SIGNS

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kan proses tanda, tegasnya memaknai bahasa karya itu. Pemaknaan di sini bisa saja san-gat tepat dengan yang dimaksud oleh sang kreator tapi bisa juga sangat berbeda.

Pameran dengan tema Urban Signs ini me-nampilkan lima perupa, lukis dan patung. Lukis: Priyaris Munandar, Joko ‘Gundul’ Sulistiono, Sujarwo, Deny Bojong, patung: Lenny Ratnasari Weichert. Masing-masing dengan ‘bahasanya’ sendiri namun sama-sama ingin mengungkapkan ‘bacaannya’ atas satu fenomena keseharian hidup mereka yaitu fenomena urban.

Karya-karya lukis Priyaris Munandar memper-lihatkan kumpulan-kumpulan dari sosok-sosok manusia dengan benda-benda tegak berukuran tertentu. Kumpulan-kumpulan itu tidak be-rada secara acak namun dalam formasi seper-ti sedang menghadapi sebuah kondisi serius dan sangat menyadari akan posisinya mas-ing-masing. Sebuah gambaran realitas yang hendak mengingatkan bahwa kita senantiasa berada di dalam situasi yang serba siap-siaga, bisa sewaktu-waktu terancam. Namun kumpulan-kumpulan itu tak seterusnya mem-perlihatkan jarak satu dengan yang lain se-cara tegas, sedia membaur manakala hal itu memang tak bisa dihindarkan. Ruang urban pada dasarnya adalah spirit relasional yang kompetitif!

Pada karya-karya Joko ‘Gundul’ Sulistiono menunjukkan kesemarakan suasana seperti halnya kita menyaksikan mural-mural kota. Langkah hidup manusia kini terus terkon-sentrasi ke depan, pilihan dari apa yang diperbuatnya sendiri, tepatnya dikepung oleh berbagai produk teknologi canggih, in-formasi, transportasi, dan lain-lain. Na-mun misalnya dengan mengambil tokoh-tokoh tradisional wayang, punakawan, kita digeli-tik pada pertanyaan, siapkah mental kita menghadapi kondisi yang sedemikian canggih ini?

Pertanyaan di atas barangkali bisa terjawab oleh karya-karya Sujarwo yang memperlihat-kan optimisme masa sekarang dan masa depan. Keseharian kita memang selayaknya hidup dalam labirin, apakah bertemu atau tidak jalan ke luar. Kecenderungannya manusia ur-ban senantiasa berusaha untuk terus maju dan bahkan melangit, berambisi mendirikan

arrive at the same meaning the creator invented, but it

may as well be entirely different.

The exhibition under the theme Urban Signs is presenting

the works of five artists, sculptors and painters. Painters

are Priyaris Munandar, Joko ‘Gundul’ Sulistiono, Sujarwo,

Deny Bojong, sculptor is Lenny Ratnasari Weichert. Each

brings their own ‘language’ but all are united in their

intention to convey their ‘readings’ of the phenomenon

occurring in their daily life: the urban phenomenon.

The paintings of Priyaris Munandar show groups of

human beings with erect objects in certain measurement.

These groups do not form a random configuration, but

they are in a formation that looks as if they are faced with

a serious condition and that they are acutely aware of

their own position. It is a realistic representation which

reminds us that we are at all times in an alert-ready

situation and that we may be at any times under threat.

But the groups do not constantly explicitly separated,

but mingle when it is obvious it is not possible to avoid

it. Urban space is basically a competitive relational spirit!

The paintings of Joko ‘Gundul’ Sulistiono bring forward

festivity that we often see in city murals. People are

constantly moving forward, their mind focused on the

way ahead, trapped in their own choices and surrounded

by the products of modern technology, information,

transportation, and many things. But by replacing the

modern human with the archaic characters of the

Punakawan, we are then perturbed by the question: are

we mentally capable of dealing with such sophisticated

environment?

The above question may find its answer in the creations

of Sujarwo which are presenting the optimism of today

and the tomorrow. Our daily life is indeed a labyrinth,

we trod without the assurance of finding a way out. It is

in our urban disposition to strive to move forward, even

upward reaching the sky, with the ambition of building

our castle in heaven just as it was in the story of the

ancient Babel tower.

But this optimism does not free us from the fact that

humans, no matter how hard they try, are still walking

with their feet on the ground. Their wing constructions

are too fragile to enable them to fly to the sky as they are

not yet settled their problem with the land they step on.

Lenny’s sculptures show figures of women still having

trouble with their own existence. This is a phenomenon

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istana di langit seperti halnya cerita tentang menara Babel.

Namun optimisme ini tidak dengan semata-mata meninggalkan persoalan bahwa bagaimanapun ma-nusia tetap saja melangkah dengan tapak kak-inya. Konstruksi sayap-sayapnya belum optimal untuk melejit ke langit justru karena belum beres dengan tanah yang dipijaknya. Karya-karya Deny Bojong dan Lenny Ratnasari Weichert membidik tanda realitas tersebut.

Karya-karya patung Lenny menampilkan figur perempuan yang masih nampak bermasalah den-gan eksistensinya. Fenomena ini tak lepas dari persoalan sejarah khsususnya tentang relasi seksual. Sejarah diskriminasi relasi seksu-al atau gender masih menyisakan problem soal “nasib perempuan” yang mengalami depresi dari berbagai hal terutama dimensi ketubuhannya. Tubuh perempuan yang “melahirkan kehidupan” namun pada kenyataannya dalam sepanjang se-jarah nyaris tertundukkan bahkan dilecehkan.

Namun Deny Bojong pun menampilkan bahwa ruang urban telah terbelah di mana ruang yang satu menjadi marjinal dari ruang yang lain. Justru dalam ruang yang marjinal ini nampaklah tubuh-tubuh pria yang tak berdaya, papah, pasrah atau menunggu nasib mau diapakan kah tubuh mereka? Korban dari apakah atau dasar apakah penyebab dari terbelahnya ruang ini? Kembali pada awal tentang karya Priyaris Munandar mungkin kita bisa mendapatkan jawaban secara optimis, kom-petisi bagaimanapun tak akan pernah berakhir! Banyak tanda yang menyebabkan kompetisi itu terjadi namun ruang urban sepertinya terkon-sentrasi dan terbelah oleh kepentingan kapital dilihat dari semarak dan gemerlap isi-isimya.

Selamat Berpameran!

Tommy F Awuy

Kurator

that cannot be freed from the history of women,

especially on sexual relations. The long history of sexual

relations or gender discrimination has provided its shares

of women’s depression in ‘women’s fate’ related to their

body. It is the body of women that gives life to life, but

it is also the body that has been subjected to abuse and

subjugation throughout history.

In contrast, Deny Bojong presents the idea that urban

space is split into the marginal and the other. And in this

marginal space there are male bodies that are hopeless,

feeble, resigned, and complacent for the fate that would

decent to their bodies. What causes this space divide?

Of what victim is this? Returning to the beginning of

our curatorial, looking at the optimism that Priyaris

Munandar is infusing in his works, perhaps we find the

answer that no matter what, competition would not end!

There are many signs that propel the competition, but it

seems that the urban space is concentrated and divided

by the capitalist interest, as seen by the merriment and

glimmer of its content.

Happy exhibiting!

Tommy F. Awuy

Curator

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joko ‘gundul’ sulistiono

CHECK YOUR TASTE / 140 x 200 cm / mixed media on canvas / 2013

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TEMBOK HARAPAN / 140 x 200 cm / mixed media on canvas / 2013

GOLDEN BRIDGE / 80 x 100 cm (dyptich) / mixed media on canvas / 2013

8

KEY DIARY / 150 x 175 cm / mixed media on canvas / 2013

9

Takdir / 10 x 53 x 24 cm / Polyester resins / 2012

Lenny Ratnasari Weichert

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Nasib #1 / 50 x 50 x 40 cm / Polyester Resins / 2012

Nasib #4 / 45x15x18 cm / alumunium / 2013

Nasib #5 / 72x21x24 cm / gypsum / 2013

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Nasib #3 / 45x15x45cm / alumunium / 2013

Nasib #6 / 50x19x20 cm / polyester resins / 2012

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Sujarwo

RUANG GERAK / 200 x 100 cm / mixed media on canvas / 2013

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EKSPLORASI MENJADI ANGKA-ANGKA / 180 x 120 cm / mixed media on canvas / 2012

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VERTICAL

GARDEN / 145 x 145 cm / mixed media on canvas / 2013

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VERTICAL

GARDEN / 145 x 145 cm / mixed media on canvas / 2013

MENANAM KESEIMBANGAN SEMESTA / 135 x 135 cm / mixed media on canvas / 2013

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MEMBANGUN KEJAYAAN / 200 x 300 cm / mixed media on canvas / 2011

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PROPERTILASER / 145 x 145 cm / mixed media on canvas / 2013

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MENEGAKKAN BUDAYA / 165 x 145 cm / mixed media on canvas / 2010

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Priyaris Munandar

MANUSIA / 200 x 200 cm / acyrilic on canvas / 2013

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KABAR TANAH SURGA / 200 x 150 cm / acyrilic on canvas / 2013

MEMBURU RUANG DAN WAKTU / 200 x 150 cm / acyrilic on canvas / 2013

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DALAM KEHENINGAN / 200 x 300 cm / acyrilic on canvas / 2013

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Deny Bojong

PERJALANAN / 200 x 140 cm / Oil on canvas / 2013

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TERSUDUT / 200 x 140 cm / Oil on canvas / 2013

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ADA APA DENGAN KEPALAKU / 200 x 140 cm / Oil, Aerosol on canvas / 2013

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Joko Sulistiono

Born in Grobogan, April 10, 1970. He received his art education at the Indonesian Art Instute Yogyakarta, Indonesia graduated.

Awards2000 The best 5 Phillip Morris Indonesia Award

Solo exhibition(s):

2005 Pameran di “ Mata “ Galler, Bali2003 Pameran di KOONG Gallery, Jakarta1998 Pameran “Sesak” di AIKON, Yogyakarta Pameran “ Sampah “ di Dria Manunggal Yogyakarta

Selected group exhibition(s) last five years :

2013 Urban Signs, Philo Art Space, Jakarta

2012 Pameran di taksu gallery BaliPameran di upt ISI YogyakartaPameran kembar mayang museum widayat MagelangPameran di JNM YogyakartaPameran abdorror d museum dan tanah liat YogyakartaPameran abdorror Belanda

2011 Pameran jogja news jnm YogyakartaPameran Spirit 90 santrian gallery BaliPameran di SYANG Magelang Pameran bazart JakartaPameran tribut nur kholis TBY Yogyakarta

2010 Pameran bank bank krut bentara budaya YogyakartaPameran “ INVENTORY” pesantren kaliopak YogyakartaPameran “ Matahari” kelompok PP TBY YogyakartaPameran hip !,hip!,HERO di gallery apik JakartaPameran kel. Parkiran *POWER WAGON* jnm YogyakartaPameran mask and face andi gallery JakartaPameran artdelicious 7 bintang YogyakartaAAF apik gallery SingaporePameran di JAD ,andi gallery JakartaPameran FSS SurabayaPameran tanah jawa tby YogyakartaPameran jogja art share di jnm Yogyakarta

2009 Pameran senang senang 7 bintang art space Yogyakarta Pameran seniku tak berhenti lama, TBY Yogyakarta Pameran jogja insign sozo Surabaya Pameran exposign jec YogyakartaPameran Bienalle jogja x YogyakartaPameran pacific place Jakarta

Priyaris Munandar

was born in Yogyakarta, February 27, 1980. He received his art education at the Indonesian Art Instute Yogyakarta, Indonesia graduated.

Awards2010 Finalist Indonesia Art Award (IAA) 1999 The Best Sketch, Indonesia Art Institute Yogyakarta50 Best Finalist in Championship Painting of Megawati’s Face, Taman Budaya Solo, Solo

Solo exhibition(s):

2006 Exhibition“Hitam Putih” at Agas Hotel, Solo2007 Exhibition “Face to Face” at Kartika Plaza, Bali

Selected group exhibition(s) last five years :

2013 Urban Signs, Philo Art Space, JakartaArt Stage. Singapore“ Permainan ”. Dr. Rudi Corens Studio. Yogyakarta

2012 “Ruang yang Sama” Museum Haji Widayat, Magelang“Kembar Mayang” Dalam rangka Ulang Tahun Dr. Oei Hong

Djien dan launching Museum OHD. Museum Haji Widayat, Magelang

“50 Golden Year in The Grace Of God” Bersukur kita Tunggal Ika, Galery HadiPrana Jakarta

“Borobudur Sociocultural” Rumah Seni Rupa Tuksongo dan Limanjawi Art House. Magelang

“Apeman Malioboro” di Gedung Pariwisata Yogyakarta“Agitasi Garuda” Jogja Galery. Yogyakarta“Isyarat Langit” Go art Space. Surabaya“ The Body Painting Art War “ Ruang Patriot Pilar 9. Yoyakarta

2011 Ssstt…THIS IS ART WARNING in SYANG ART SPACE Magelang

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BLING-BLING Public Art Project Pacific Place Jakarta Bazar Art Jakarta The Ritz Carlton Jakarta “Sekarat” Pameran 3 dimensi, Taman Budaya Yogyakarta“Tubuh-Tubuh Margin” Phillo Art Space, Kemang Jakarta“Transposisi” Bienalle Jatim, GO Art Space, Surabaya

2010 “Abstrak Indonesia” at Taman Budaya Yogyakarta, “Art Liberation Front” at Biasa Gallery, Yogyakarta“Energy 3” at Bentara Budaya Jakarta, Jakarta“Expresif” at Jogja Gallery, Yogyakarta“Hip! Hip! Hero!” at Galeri Apik, Jakarta “Contemporaneity” Biennale Indonesian Art Award 2010 at

Galeri Nasional Indonesia, Jakarta “GREEN CARNIVAL” Public Art Project at Pacifik Place JakartaBazar Art Jakarta at the Ritz Carlton JakartaVisit Us in the Asia Top Gallery Hotel Art Fair in Seoul-Korea “TANAH JAWA” at Taman Budaya Yogyakarta“JOGJA BANGKIT” at Jogja Nasional Musium Yogjakarta

2009 “BIENNALE JOGJA JAMMING X” ( IAF ) “INSTALASI AIR SENI” at Rawa Kalibayem, Yogyakarta “Menjadi Indonesia” at Gedung Arsip National (National Archive

Building), Jakarta “Kebersamaan” at Biasa Gallery, Yogyakarta “POST BOOM” with Kelompok Blok 9 at Syang Art Space, Ma-

gelangGroup with Persatuan Paguyuban at Taman BudayaYogyakarta, Yogyakarta “Seniku Tak Berhenti Lama” at Taman Budaya Yogyakarta, Yo-

gyakarta “Javanese Face” at C Star Prawirotaman, Yogyakarta

S u j a r w oBorn in Kendal, March 28, 1964. Education at Tinggi Kesenian Wilwatikta (STKW) Surabaya. From 1988 – 1991 was works as illustrator for Ensiklopedi Nasional Indonesia, first edition, pub-lished by PT. Cipta Adi Pustaka, Jakarta, Indonesia. Awards2012 Indonesia Tanpa Diskriminasi Jakarta, Indonesia2012 Finalis “UOB PAINTING OFF THE YEAR COMPETITION 2012”, Jakarta, Indonesia2012 Finalis Jakarta Art Award(International Painting Competi-tion2012), Jakarta, Indonesia

2010 Finalis Jakarta Art Award(International Painting Competi-tion2010), Jakarta, Indonesia2008 Finalis Jakarta Art Award, Jakarta, Indonesia

Solo exhibition(s):

2008 “Shopping Mall & Fashion”, Philo Art Space, Jakarta, Indo-nesia2009 “Shopassion”, Philo Art Space, Jakarta, Indonesia

Selected Group exhibition(s):

2013 Urban Signs, Philo Art Space, Jakarta

2012 “Indonesia Tanpa Diskriminasi” Jakarta, Indonesia“Ideal World” Jakarta International Art award 2012 NAS, Jakarta Indonesia“UOB PAINTING OFF THE YEAR COMPETITION 2012”, Jakarta, Indo-nesia

2011 “My Space”,PhiloArt Space,Jakarta, Indonesia“Nusantara Diatas Kanvas” Sampoerna Strategy”, Jakarta, Indonesia “Drawing Art Surabaya Dimataku” Galeri House of Sampoerna, Surabaya, Indonesia“Cultural Bridge” Wendt Gallery, New York, Amerika Serikat

2010 “Reflextion off Megacities”Jakarta International Art award 2010, Jakarta, Indonesia“Noah’s Art”, North Art Space, Jakarta, Indonesia

2009 “Pour les Enfants de la Rue >> (PER) Jakarta, Indonesia

2008 “Jakarta Art award 2008, Jakarta, Indonesia“Global Warming”, Jakarta, Indonesia “S(Y)URE”, Philo Art Space, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Deny Bojong

Born in Bandung, July 7, 1974.

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Selected group exhibition(s):

2013 Urban Signs, Philo Art Space, Jakarta2012Bazzart art di hotel sahid jaya jakarta. 2008pameran bersama di gallery kuta gallery, Kuta Bali 2007pameran bersama di gallery Adi Pati Surya Ubud bali 2006pameran kelompok 7 di kuta gallerya Kuta bali 2005pameran bersama di museum Patahillah jakarta pameran bersama di hotel Sari Pan pacifik jakarta

Lenny Ratnasari WeichertEducations:2005 The Hartnackschule Berlin, private school of languages1995 - 1996 Juhasz Gyula College, Faculty of Fine Arts, Szeged, Hungary1993 - 2005 Fine Arts (Sculpture), Indonesian Institute of Arts (ISI) Yogyakarta1990 - 1995 IKIP Teacher Award and Residencies:Residencies Art Collaboration Project U(Dys)topia 7 weeks in Dresden

and Berlin GermanyLived and residencies in Singapore (PR) 2007-nowLived and residencies in Berlin Germany 2005-2007Visiting Arts/Delfina International Fellowship Artist for 2002-2003 Lon-

don United Kingdom.Residence for 2001 (3 months) in NetherlandResidence Artist for 1995-1996 in Juhasz Gyula College, Szeged, Hun-

gary.

Solo Exhibition(s):

2003 Open Studio, Sky Light Gallery, Delfina Studio, London, UK (solo)Artist-in-Residence, Visiting Arts/Delfina International FellowshipArtist, London, UK1998 Up to You Kedai Kebun, Jogyakarta, Indonesia (Solo)1996 Kotodesek Impala Haz Gallery, Szeged, Hungary (solo)

Selected group exhibition(s) last five years :

2013 Urban Signs, Philo Art Space, Jakarta

2012 Java Spices International Visual Art Exhibition Jogja National

Museum. Jogjakarta10 Jakarta Female Artist Museum of Fine Art and Ceramic

Jakarta.Indonesia dimata Perupa Gedung Nusantara V Jakarta, Cu-

rated by Weye haryantoContemporer Sclupture Locafore Kota Baru Parahyangan-

Bandung, Curated by Asikin hasanDresdner BIENNALE-KUNSTFESTIVAL ORNÖ Dresden Ger-

manyBulan, Bintang dan Matahari (Isyarat Langit) GO Gallery Sura-

baya, Indonesia, Curated by Soewarno W.Buruh Melintas batas -Artspirasi- Galeri Cipta II JakartaWall of Fiction Indonesian National Gallery Jakarta Indonesia,

Curated by Frigidanto AgungNegari Yogyakarta Hadiningrat Museum National of Jogja-

karta, Curated by Dwi MariantoKembar Mayang, Museum Widayat Magelang.

2011 Jakarta Biennale XIV ‘Maximum City’ Curated by Bambang

AsriniWoman in Art Power Purna Budaya UGM. YogyakartaCrossing Signs 14 artists form Germany and Indonesia, expe-

riencing the ‘liminal zone’, Taman Budaya Yogyakarta and Indonesian National Gallery, Jakarta. Curated by Leonor Veiga (Portugal) and Sudjud Dartanto (Indo-nesian)

Speak off Jogja National Museum

2010 Power Wagon JNM Jogjakarta IndonesiaU(Dys)topia Art Collaboration - 7 Indonesian and 7 German

Artists in Gallery HfBK Dresden and Freies Museum Berlin, Germany Curated by Martin J. (German)

2009 Mabuk Sampah Art’s Community PEREK. Biennale Jogya-

karta.Vote Notes LAB.LT. Tembi Contemporary JogjakartaExposign ISI JOGJAKARTA - Jogja Galeri Jogjakarta, JEC Jogja-

karta.September Ceria Jogja Gallery, JogjakartaKunduran Truk Perempuan Experimental. Kersan Art Studio-

Jogyakarta. Curated by RahmanianiBlueprint for Jogya Tembi Contemporary JogyakartaExhibionist Kersan Art Studio, Jogyakarta Indonesia

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This catalogue is published in conjunction with a group exhibition

urban signsapril 27 - may 27, 2013

© Philo Art Space

Jl Kemang Timur 90 C

South Jakarta 12730

Indonesia

t/f: (62 21) 719 84 48

m: +62 811 10 60 47

e: info@philoartspace.com

w: www.philoartspace.com

Curator: Tommy F Awuy

Special thanks: Joko Sulistiono, Priyaris Munandar, Deny Bojong, Sujarwo, Lenny Ratnasari Weichert

Photography of Artworks: Artist

Translator : Andira Sampurno

Design : milovtrisno@gmail.com

Published by

Philo Art Space

036/2013

Copy Rights © Philo Art Space

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval

system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photography,

recording or otherwise, without the written permission from Philo Art Space

29

An artist has an ideal picture or concept of the art world in their mind (signified) and with all the sensory talent that they have, they capture the external signs (usually called signifier). It is this concept and the sensory talent that form the foundation of the knowledge (the signify-ing process) as a creation. Put simply, a creation is none other than a ‘system of signs’, not a mere idea or material.