rekayasa otomotif dan manufaktur

7/22/2019 rekayasa otomotif dan manufaktur

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/rekayasa-otomotif-dan-manufaktur 1/41

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e50;\red200\green100\blue100;\red200\green100\blue150;\red200\green100\blue200;\red200\green100\blue250;\red200\green150\blue0;\red200\green150\blue50;\red200\green150\blue100;\red200\green150\blue150;\red200\green150\blue200;\red200\green150\blue250;\red200\green200\blue0;\red200\green200\blue50;\red200\green200\blue100;\red200\green200\blue150;\red200\green200\blue200;\red200\green200\blue250;\red200\green250\blue0;\red200\green250\blue50;\red200\green250\blue100;\red200\green250\blue150;\red200\green250\blue200;\red200\green250\blue250;\red250\green0\blue0;\red250\green0\blue50;\red250\green0\blue100;\red250\green0\blue150;\red250\green0\blue200;\red250\green0\blue250;\red250\green50\blue0;\red250\green50\blue50;\red250\green50\blue100;\red250\green50\blue150;\red250\green50\blue200;\red250\green50\blue250;\red250\green100\blue0;\red250\green100\blue50;\red250\green100\blue100;\red250\green100\blue150;\red250\green100\blue200;\red250\green100\blue250;\red250\green150\blue0;\red250\green150\blue50;\red250\green150\blue100;

\red250\green150\blue150;\red250\green150\blue200;\red250\green150\blue250;\red250\green200\blue0;\red250\green200\blue50;\red250\green200\blue100;\red250\green200\blue150;\red250\green200\blue200;\red250\green200\blue250;\red250\green250\blue0;\red250\green250\blue50;\red250\green250\blue100;\red250\green250\blue150;\red250\green250\blue200;\red250\green250\blue250;}\margt820\margb220\margr880\margl1700\plain\pard\sl-247 \li2 \ri1850 \fi2025 \expndtw-4 \f20 \fs24 FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS PANCASILA\plain\par\pard\sl-396 \li2 \ri2981 \fi3286 \expndtw-6 \f20 \fs24 SOAL TAKE HOME TEST\plain\par\sl-312\fs31\par\pard\pard\sl-240 \li2 \ri1023 \expndtw-5 \f20 \fs24 Mata Kuliah/ Dosen

\plain\tx2873 \tab \expndtw-3 \f20 \fs24 : Teknologi Motor Bakar/ Prof. Dr. Ir.Prawoto, MSAE

\par\plain\pard\sl-275 \li2 \ri3169 \expndtw-4 \f20 \fs24 Program Studi / Semester\plain\tx2873 \tab \expndtw-4 \f20 \fs24 : S-2 Magister Teknik Mesin/I\plain\par\pard\sl-275 \li2 \ri4415 \expndtw-6 \f20 \fs24 Hari / Tanggal\plain\tx2873 \tab \expndtw-6 \f20 \fs24 : 10 Maret 2013



\par\plain\pard\sl-276 \li2 \ri4144 \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 Semester/Tahun Akademik : Gasal/ 2012-2013

\par\plain\pard\sl-275 \li2 \ri4415 \expndtw-7 \f20 \fs24 Dikumpulkan\plain\tx2873 \tab \expndtw-6 \f20 \fs24 : 24 Maret 2013

\par\plain\pard\sl-276 \li2 \ri112 \expndtw-3 \f20 \fs24 ====================================================================\plain\par\pard\sl-280 \li2 \ri5016 \expndtw-5 \b \f20 \fs24 KERJAKAN SEMUA SOAL DI BAWAH\plain\par\pard\sl-275 \li2 \ri2740 \expndtw-3 \b \f20 \fs24 Semua uraian apabila diperlukan disertai gambar yang jelas.\plain\par\sl-307\fs31\par\pard\pard\sl-240 \li2 \ri2924 \expndtw-1 \f20 \fs24 1. Terangkan klasifikasi motor bakar torak yang anda ketahui.

\par\plain\pard\sl-396 \li2 \ri27 \expndtw-27 \f20 \fs24 2.\plain\tx422 \tab \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 Terangkan yang anda ketahui tentang hal-hal berikut: Daya indikator, Daya poros, Daya

\plain\par\pard\sl-275 \li426 \ri22 \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 gesek, Efisiensi thermal, Efisiensi mekanis, Efisiensi volumetris, Tekanan efektif rata-rata\plain\expndtw-4 \f20 \fs24 dan MBT pada motor bakar torak.

\par\plain\pard\sl-396 \li2 \ri26 \expndtw1 \f20 \fs24 3. Gambarkan secara skematisproses konversi energi bahan bakar menjadi daya mekanik\plain\par\pard\sl-275 \li359 \ri26 \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 poros pada motor bakar torak serta diagram kesetimbangan energi dan perkiraan besaran\plain\expndtw-2 \f20 \fs24 energi dari masing-masing bagian dalam proses konversi energi tersebut.

\plain\par\pard\sl-395 \li2 \ri24 \expndtw1 \f20 \fs24 4. Terdapat berbagai cara untuk menentukan daya indikator, daya poros dan daya gesek.\plain\par\pard\sl-276 \li2 \ri3993 \fi357 \expndtw-3 \f20 \fs24 Tentukan cara-cara tersebut yang anda ketahui.\plain\par\pard\sl-396 \li2 \ri28 \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 5. Dalam mengukur daya poros umumnya digunakan dinamometer. Terangkan berbagai jenis\plain\par\pard\sl-276 \li2 \ri1407 \fi357 \expndtw-3 \f20 \fs24 dimanometer yang anda ketahui, keunggulan dan kelemahan masing-masing.\plain\par

\pard\sl-396 \li2 \ri20 \expndtw1 \f20 \fs24 6. Dalam pengujian motor bensin 4 silinder pada putaran 5000 rpm didapatkan data-data\plain\par\pard\sl-276 \li2 \ri6697 \fi357 \expndtw-5 \f20 \fs24 sebagai berikut:

\par\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw3915\colsr327\colno2\colw5082\plain\pard\sl-405 \li1991 \ri0 \expndtw-5 \f20 \fs24 Silinder Dinyalakan\plain\par\pard\sl-405 \li1991 \ri224 \fi255 \expndtw-6 \f20 \fs24 1234 [1-2-3-4]



\plain\par\pard\sl-407 \li2306 \ri278 \expndtw-6 \f20 \fs24 234 [0-2-3-4]\plain\expndtw-6 \f20 \fs24 134 [1-0-3-4]\plain\expndtw-6 \f20 \fs24 124 [1-2-0-4]\plain\expndtw-6 \f20 \fs24 123 [1-2-3-0]

\par\column\plain\pard\sl-405 \li0 \ri3062 \expndtw-6 \f20 \fs24 Daya Poros [kW]\plain\par\pard\sl-405 \li629 \ri3630 \expndtw-17 \f20 \fs24 67,5\plain\expndtw-17 \f20 \fs24 46,5\plain\expndtw-17 \f20 \fs24 46,1\plain\expndtw-17 \f20 \fs24 46,0\plain\expndtw-17 \f20 \fs24 45,8

\par\sect\sectd\sbknone\plain\sl-285\fs29\par\pard\pard\sl-240 \li2 \ri2896 \fi719 \expndtw-3 \f20 \fs24 Tentukan daya indikator dan daya gesek motor tersebut.\plain\par\pard\sl-395 \li2 \ri29 \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 7. Parameter apa saja yang mempengaruhi aspek operasional motor bakar torak. Terangkan\plain\par\pard\sl-276 \li2 \ri493 \fi357 \expndtw-2 \f20 \fs24 parameter berpengaruh ters

ebut terhadap kinerja motor dan emisi yang ditimbulkannya.

\par\plain\pard\sl-395 \li2 \ri22 \expndtw-27 \f20 \fs24 8.\plain\tx422 \tab \expndtw-2 \f20 \fs24 Knocking merupakan fenomena pembakaran tidak normal dan dapat terjadi baik pada motor\plain\par\pard\sl-275 \li426 \ri28 \expndtw-2 \f20 \fs24 bensin maupun motor diesel. Terangkan proses terjadinya knocking baik pada motor bensin\plain\expndtw-3 \f20 \fs24 maupun pada motor diesel, penyebab utama dan cara menguranginya.

\par

\plain\pard\sl-395 \li2 \ri27 \expndtw1 \f20 \fs24 9. Proses dan mekanisme pembakaran serta pelepasan energi pada motor bensin berbeda\plain\par\pard\sl-276 \li359 \ri19 \expndtw1 \f20 \fs24 dengan pada motor diesel. Jelaskan yang anda ketahui proses pembakaran dari masing-\plain\expndtw-3 \f20 \fs24 masing motor bensin dan motor diesel tersebut.\plain\par\pard\sl-410 \li2 \ri24 \expndtw1 \f20 \fs24 10. Dari analisa volumetrik gas hasil pembakaran campuran C\dn4 \fs16 8\dn0 \fs24 H\dn4 \fs16 17\dn0 \fs24 denganudara didapat\plain\par\pard\sl-276 \li426 \ri23 \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 komposisi sebagai berikut: CO = 1,20 %, HC = 350 ppm, CO\dn4 \fs16 2\dn0 \fs24 = 12,5 %, O\dn4 \fs16 2\dn0 \fs24

= 1,15 % dan\plain\par\pard\sl-261 \li426 \ri5668 \expndtw-4 \f20 \fs24 NO = 300 ppm. Tentukan :\plain\par\pard\sl-410 \li426 \ri4908 \expndtw-4 \f20 \fs24 a). Jumlah (%) H\dn4 \fs16 2\dn0 \fs24 O yang terbentuk,\plain\par\pard\sl-396 \li426 \ri1654 \expndtw-3 \f20 \fs24 b). Perbandingan udara-bahan bakar (AFR), baik AFR\dn4 \fs16 st\dn0 \fs24 maupun AFR\dn4 \fs16 aktual



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2803ffd9}}}{\sp{\sn fRecolorFillAsPicture}{\sv 0}}{\sp{\sn posrelh}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn posrelv}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fAllowOverlap}{\sv 1}}{\sp{\sn fBehindDocument}{\sv 1}}}}\margt700\margb1900\margr720\margl1700\plain\pard\sl-247 \li2 \ri30 \fi424 \expndtw-2 \f20 \fs24 c). Campuran tersebut merupakan campuran kaya atau campuran miskin, tentukan prosentase



\plain\par\pard\sl-276 \li2 \ri5095 \fi707 \expndtw-4 \f20 \fs24 kelebihan/kekurangan udaranya.\plain\par\pard\sl-396 \li2 \ri172 \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 11. Sebuah motor bakar torak bekerja menurut siklus Otto ideal dengan bahan bakar gasoline\plain\par\pard\sl-276 \li426 \ri166 \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 mempunyai perbandingan kompresir = 10,0 : 1. Proses kompresi dianggap berlangsung\plain\expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 secara isentropik dan proses pembakaran terjadi padavolume konstan. Pada awal langkah\plain\par\pard\sl-290 \li426 \ri164 \expndtw-1 \f20 \fs24 kompresi campuran udara bahan bakar masuk pada kondisi P\dn4 \fs16 0\dn0 \fs24 = 1 atm dan T\dn4 \fs16 0\dn0 \fs24 = 25\up6 \fs16 o\up0 \fs24 C. Jika\plain\par\pard\sl-281 \li426 \ri164 \expndtw1 \f20 \fs24 motor bekerja pada kondisi stoikiometrik dan perbandingan kapasitas panas\f40 {\f63 \u61543\'3f}\f20 = 1,36\plain\par\pard\sl-275 \li426 \ri172 \expndtw1 \f20 \fs24 dianggap konstan selama proses,tentukan temperatur T dan kecepatan perambatan api\plain\par\pard\sl-290 \li426 \ri172 \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 laminar S\dn4 \fs16 l\dn0 \fs24masing-masing pada saat tekanan ruang bakar mencapai 25 atm, 40 atm dan 55

\plain\par\pard\sl-261 \li426 \ri2528 \expndtw-3 \f20 \fs24 atm. Bandingkan ketiga kondisi tersebut dan beri komentar anda.

\par\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols2\colno1\colw3372\colsr1564\colno2\colw4550\plain\sl-112\fs11\par\pard\pard\sl-516 \li1867 \ri0 \expndtw-2 \f40 \fs29 {\f63 \u61670\'3f}\i \f20 T\dn8 \fs17 {\ul u}\i0 \dn0 \f40 \fs29 {\f63 \u61686\'3f}\fs18 {\f63 \u61537\'3f}\fs29 {\f63 \u61670\'3f}\i \f20 p\i0 \f40 {\f63 \u61686\'3f}\fs18 {\f63 \u61538\'3f}

\par\column

\plain\pard\sl-467 \li0 \ri1848 \expndtw-12 \f40 \fs29 {\f63 \u61537\'3f}\fs27{\f63 \u61501\'3f}\f20 2.18\f40 {\f63 \u61485\'3f}\f20 0.8\f40 {\f63 \u61620\'3f}\fs36 {\f63 \u61480\'3f}\fs29 {\f63 \u61542\'3f}\fs27 {\f63 \u61485\'3f}\f20 1\f40 \fs36 {\f63 \u61481\'3f}

\par\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols1\colno1\colw9486\plain\pard\sl-428 \li923 \ri5602 \expndtw6 \i \f20 \fs29 S\dn8 \fs17 l\i0 \dn0\f40 \fs29 {\f63 \u61501\'3f}\i \f20 S\dn8 \fs17 l\i0 \dn0 ,\dn19 0\dn0 \f40 \fs29 {\f63 \u61671\'3f} {\f63 \u61687\'3f} {\f63 \u61671\'3f} {\f63 \u61687\'3f}

\par

\sect\sectd\sbknone\cols3\colno1\colw3261\colsr710\colno2\colw345\colsr644\colno3\colw4523\plain\pard\sl-553 \li1867 \ri0 \expndtw10 \f40 \fs29 {\f63 \u61672\'3f} {\f63 \u61688\'3f}{\f63 \u61672\'3f} {\f63 \u61688\'3f}\plain\expndtw-2 \f40 \fs29 {\f63 \u61671\'3f}\i \f20 T\i0 \dn8 \fs17 0\dn0 \f40 \fs29 {\f63 \u61687\'3f} {\f63 \u61671\'3f}\i \f20 p\i0 \dn8 \fs17 0\dn0 \f40 \fs29 {\f63 \u61687\'3f}

\par\column



\plain\pard\sl-216 \li0 \ri0 \expndtw-23 \f20 \fs24 dan

\par\column\plain\pard\sl-448 \li0 \ri1566 \expndtw-11 \f40 \fs29 {\f63 \u61538\'3f}\fs27{\f63 \u61501\'3f} {\f63 \u61485\'3f}\f20 0.16\f40 {\f63 \u61483\'3f}\f20 0.22\f40 {\f63 \u61620\'3f}\fs36 {\f63 \u61480\'3f}\fs29 {\f63 \u61542\'3f}\fs27{\f63 \u61485\'3f}\f20 1\f40 \fs36 {\f63 \u61481\'3f}\plain\par\sl-23\fs2\par\pard\pard\sl-476 \li0 \ri1758 \expndtw-7 \i \f20 \fs27 S\dn7 \fs16 l\i0 \dn0 ,\dn17 0\dn0 \f40 \fs27 {\f63 \u61501\'3f}\i \f20 B\dn7 \fs16 m\i0 \dn0 \f40 \fs27 {\f63 \u61483\'3f}\i \f20 B\i0 \dn7 \f40 \fs17 {\f63 \u61542\'3f}\dn0 \fs36 {\f63 \u61480\'3f}\fs29 {\f63 \u61542\'3f}\fs27 {\f63 \u61485\'3f}\fs29 {\f63 \u61542\'3f}\i \dn8 \f20 \fs16 m\i0 \dn0 \f40 \fs36 {\f63 \u61481\'3f}\f20 \fs16 2

\par\sect\sectd\sbknone\plain\pard\sl-443 \li2 \ri1397 \fi424 \expndtw-3 \f20 \fs24Untuk gasoline diketahui pada\f40 \fs29 {\f63 \u61542\'3f}\i \dn6 \f20 \fs18 m\i0 \dn0 \fs24 = 1,21;\i B\dn4 \fs18 m\i0 \dn0 \fs24 = 30,5 cm/s dan\i B\i0 \dn3 \f40 \fs18 {\f63 \u61542\'3f}\dn0 \f20 \fs24 = -54,9 cm/s\plain\par\pard\sl-375 \li2 \ri168 \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 12. Proses pembentukan emisi gas buang dipengaruhi faktor-faktor desain mesin, bahan bakar

\plain\par\pard\sl-290 \li426 \ri163 \expndtw-2 \f20 \fs24 dan operasi. Terangkan proses pembentukan unsur-unsur berbahaya, HC, CO, NO\dn4 \fs16 x\dn0 \fs24 dan SO\dn4 \fs16 2\plain\par\pard\sl-261 \li426 \ri5162 \expndtw-3 \f20 \fs24 serta partikel (untuk motor diesel).\plain\par\pard\sl-395 \li2 \ri166 \expndtw1 \f20 \fs24 13. Kandungan sulfur dalam bahan bakar sangat tidak dikehendaki. Terangkan yang anda\plain\par\pard\sl-276 \li426 \ri171 \expndtw0 \f20 \fs24 ketahui pengaruh kandungan sulfur tersebut terhadap kinerja mesin dan peralatan penurun

\plain\expndtw-6 \f20 \fs24 emisi gas buang.

\par}

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