rashes of the childhood

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Rashes of Childhood Ruam pada Masa Kanak-Kanak Anthony Christanto Aulia dr, Sp.A Pediatrician Pediatric Unit Internship – Tarakan Hospital UKRIDA Faculty of Medicine, Jakarta, 2014

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Rashes of ChildhoodRuam pada Masa Kanak-KanakAnthony ChristantoAulia dr, Sp.APediatricianPediatric Unit Internship Tarakan HospitalUKRIDA Faculty of Medicine, akarta, !"#$Ruam Tanda yang sering ditemui pada anakRuam dan Demam bersama dapat menentukan spektrum DDx 1. Infeksi lokal ! sistemik"#. $elainan yang diperantaraitoksin%. $elainan pembuluh darahRashes of ChildhoodRuam &erubahan pada 'arna dan susunan kulit Dapat bersifat pri%er atau sekunder.Rashes of ChildhoodRua% Pri%erPeru&ahan 'arna yan( sirku%skrip, datar, tidak tera&a(akula )er*ak datar ke*il + 1 *mPatch )er*ak datar , 1 *mMassa solid yan( ti%&ul, dapat tera&a&apula + 1 *m&lakat -esi terele.asi super/*ial , 1 *m0odul-esi seperti kelereng , 1.2 *m, lebih dalam dan padat dari papulWheal bentol"3dema kulit setempat yang super/sial, ireguler, timbul dan hilang dengan *epat)le*asi super+sial yan( sirku%skrip, ter&entuk dari cairan &e&as dala% ron((a dala% lapisan kulit4esikel + 1 *m, terisi *airan serous)ulla , 1 *m, terisi *airan serous&ustula Terisi pusRua% ,ekunderHilan(nya lapisan kulit3rosi 5ilangnya epidermis6lkus 5ilangnya epidermis dan dermis7issura Celah linear pada kulitMaterial pada per%ukaan kulit$rustaResidu serum, darah, atau pus yang mongeringSkuama-apisan tipis dari epidermis yang mengelupasRashes of the Childhood)tiolo(y and Di-erential Dia(nosisRua% Makula . Makulopapular)tiolo(i Di-erential Dia(nosis4iralMeasles 3pstein )arr 4irus5)4 &apular akrodermatitis"Ru&ella 3*ho.irus HI/Roseola 3ritema infeksiosum)akteri3ritema marginatum d. rematik"De%a% tifoid &seudomonasDemam skarlet Si/lis, sekunder (eningokokal3risipelas 0eptospirosis &enyakit -yme RiketsiaRo*ky mountain spotted fe.erTifus-ain8lainPenyakit Ka'asaki Reaksi o&atRheumatoid artritis 9u.enile"Rua% )ritroder%a Difus)tiolo(i Di-erential Dia(nosis)akteriDemam s*arletStaphylococcal scalded skin syndromeSindrom syok toksik S. aureus"9amur $andidiasis-ain8lain Penyakit Ka'asakiRua% /esikel, 1ula, Pustul)tiolo(i Di-erential Dia(nosis4iral/aricella 2osterHerpes si%pleksCoxsa*kie .irus)akteriStaphylococcal Scalded Skin SyndromeImpetigo bulosaImpetigo krustosaRiketsia Ri*kettsialpox-ain8lainSindrom -yell)rite%a Multifor%eRua% Petekiae 3 Purpura)tiolo(i Di-erential Dia(nosis4iral/irus3*irus de%a% den(an perdarahan3ntero.irusRubella kongenital 5I4C(4 kongenital (easles atipikal)akteri,epsis 4 Menin(okokal, 5onokokal, Pneu%okokal, H6 in7uen8a tipe 1 93ndokarditis infektif3ktima gangrenosumRiketsia Rocky mountain spotted fever-ain8lain4askulitisTro%&ositopeniaPurpura Henoch ,chonlein(alaria)rite%a :odosu%)tiolo(i Di-erential Dia(nosis4iral 3pstein 8 )arr)akteriStreptokokus :rup A(ikobakteriaCat-scratch disease9amur 5istoplasmosis, $oksidiomikosis-ain8lainSarkoid Infammatory Bowel Disease0upus )rite%atosus ,iste%ik&enyakit )eh*etRashes of Childhood/iral InfectionMeasles Rubella Roseola Erythema Infectiosum Varicella HFMDHemorrhagic Feer iruses Mononucleosis !ianotti " #rosti $yndrome4iral Infe*tion/irus dapat %en(infeksi kulit den(an cara ; 1. (enyebarkekulitselamainfeksisistemikdisertaireplikasi .irus pada kulit, atau dengan ;#. (emproduksi tumor kulit yang diinduksi .irus. )ksante%a 3rupsi kulit yang berhubungan sindrom .irus akut.$eterlibatan mukosa )nante%a.,e%ua *irus dapat %eni%&ulkan )ksante%6 (easles Rubeola < (orbilli < Campak => hari? < Tampek < 7irst DiseaseMeasles 3tiology Mor&illi*irus, family of &aramyxo.iridae&redile*tion )abies, Adoles*en*eTransmissionDropletsResp."in*ubationperiod1181# days3@ores*en*e(akulopapularkonAuenmenyebarse*ara sentrifu(aldisertaidemamtinggi.Ruam mun*ul pada hari ke %8B demam, berubah menCadi*oklat,mengalamideskuamasi dalam %8B hari setelahnya.Signs and SymptomsDC CoryEa, ConCun*ti.itis, Cough, CoplikFs spot"&re.ention(easles.a**ine 1#812 mo" booster in 12 yrs.Compli*ation7ebrile*on.ulsion,Gtitis,&neumonia, 3n*ephalitis, -ate SS&3, Thrombo*ytopeniaA little bit onH Suba*ute S*lerosing &anen*ephalitisalso *alled Da'son Disease and Measles )ncephalitis- Arare,chronicpro(ressi*e encephalitisaIe*tingchildrenand youn( adults- Causedbyapersistentinfectionof %easles *irus- Chara*teriEedbyhistoryofpri%ary %easles &efore a(e !, follo'ed by ;3#1O"11O8Adeno*irus,Ayto%e(alo*irus, and To?oplas%a (ondii&redile*tion Adoles*en*e and young adultsTransmissionGral,bysali.adire*t"Kblood.In*ubation period #P8D> days.3@ores*en*eRuammakulopapularmorbiliformis"pada tubuhdanekstremitas,12821Oadalah drug8indu*edterutamaampisilin".Self8limiting.Signs and SymptomsDemamdanadenopati,3demapalpebral, 0yeritenggorok,5epatosplenomegali, (alaise.&re.ention 8Compli*ation Anemia, Thrombo*ytopenia, 5epatitis:ianotti8Crosti Syndrome &apular A*rodermatitis of ChildhoodPapular Acroder%atitis of Ahildhood3tiologyHepatitis1/irusand)pstein31arr /irus (ost 7reQuent"&redile*tionInfantsaslo'as1.2mo.old"andyoung *hildrenTransmission 4aries depends on .iral agent3@ores*en*e&apula, papulo.esikel diskrit atau konAuen pada'aCahdandistalkeempat ekstremitas. Self limiting. Signs and Symptoms4aries depends on .iral agent&re.entionIfagentis5)4,4a**inesarea.ailableas regular 5)4 4a**ineCompli*ation 4aries depends on .iral agent4iral 5emorrhagi* 7e.er /iral He%orrha(ic Fe*er3tiologyDen(ue*irusinIndonesia"familyof Fla*i*iridae&redile*tion All agesTransmissionArthropod8borne,espe*iallymosQuito, genus Aedes3@ores*en*eDen(uefe*erBRuammiripmorbilli, mun*ul dengan demamDen(ueHe%orrha(icFe*er;Ruam ptekiedanpurpuraterutamadi ekstremitas.Signs and SymptomsClassi*triadofDenguefe.er;RRash, 5eada*he, 7e.erF5aemo*on*entrationand Thrombo*ytopenia in D57&re.ention0o.a**ine*urrentlya.ailableKCurrent programbeingheldtoprodu*eaD8Serotype Dengue 4a**ine in #11BCompli*ationDengueSho*kSyndrome,7ebrile *on.ulsions, et*Rashes of Childhood1acterial Infection$carlet Feer $$$$ Meningococcemia)a*terial Infe*tion)kspresiklinisinfeksi&akteriyan(%e%iliki%anifestasi kulit san(at &er*ariasi6Contoh;InfeksiStaphylococcuspadabayiakanmengakibatkan ruam, sedangkan pada de'asa muda tidak mengakibatkan ruam.(eskiCumlahkasusruamakibatbakteritidaksebanyak eksantema.iral,infeksibakterimemegangperananpenting mengingat kemungkinan deraCat beratnya penyakit tersebut.,carlet Fe*er3tiology ,treptococcus 5roup A S.pyogenes"&redile*tion Children, most *ommon age D8P yrs. oldTransmissionSkin*onta*t,respiratorydroplets. In*ubation period 18D days3@ores*en*e3ritemadifusyangkasarpadaperabaan, menghilangpadapenekananKCircumoral pallorK(un*ul1#8N#Camsetelahdemam, biasabermuladidadadanketiakdandi belakangtelinga.Dapatmun*uldi selangkangan.-ebihburukdidaerah lipatanPastia0ine".Deskuamasipada hari ke %8D. Signs and SymptomsStra'berryTongue,Forchhei%erspots ptekiaedipalatummolle",Demamakut, 0yeri tenggorokanCompli*ationSepsis,Absesperitonsilar, :lomerulonephritis,3rythemanodosum, Rheumati* 7e.erS*arlet 7e.er S*arlatina,taphylococcal ,calded ,kin ,yndro%e3tiology ,taphylococcus aureus&redile*tion Children under B years, 0eonatesTransmission Skin *onta*t3@ores*en*e3ritroderma dengan onset akut yang nyeri disertaibullaAaksiddifusKmudahruptur dan mengelupas :ikolsky si(n" nyata di sekitarmulutdanhidung.Tidakada mukosa yang terkena.Signs and SymptomsDemam akut, Toksik, $onCungti.itis, CoryEaCompli*ation Sepsis, Sho*kStaphylo*o**al S*alded Skin Syndrome &emphigus 0eonatorum < 4on RitterFs Disease Menin(ococcal Disease3tiology:eisseria%enin(itidisa.k.a Menin(ococcus&redile*tion All ages, espe*ially + 2 years of ageTransmissionSkin*onta*t,sali.a.In*ubationperiod2812 days3@ores*en*e7asea'al;papuldiskrit,nonkonAuen, eritematousK ptekie dan purpura setelahnya disertaiekimosis.-esikhasberuparuam Rstar8shapedF.Dapatmeninggalkanber*ak titik ber'arna merah atau ke*oklatan.Signs and SymptomsTerbanyak adalah meningitis disertai sepsis dan DIC yang berat. Compli*ation DIC, Sepsis sho*k, Carditis, :angrene (eningo*o**emiaRashes of Childhood/ascular DiseaseHenoch%$ch&nlein 'ur(ura )awasa*i DiseaseHenoch ,chCnlein Purpura3tiologyAutoi%%unesyste%ic*asculitis post infection&redile*tion21OunderageB,>1Ounderage 113@ores*en*e&urpuraterutamadipantatdan kakiKdapatCugaterCadiditangan, tubuhdan'aCah.&enampakan RRaindrops on :lassFSigns and Symptoms=&urpura,Arthritis,Abdominal&ain? TriadCompli*ation:astrointestinalhemorrhage, $idney 7ailure, 0ephroti* Syndrome5eno*h M S*hSnlein &urpura &urpura Rheumati*a Ka'asaki Disease3tiologyAutoi%%unesyste%ic*asculitis a-ectin( %ediu%3si8ed &lood *essels&redile*tion Children under age + 2 years3@ores*en*eRuammakulopapulareritematousyang difus,terletakditubuhdanmenyebar ke'aCah,ekstremitas,danperineum. DapatberubahmenCadiruam skarlatinaformis,urtikariaformis, multiformis,danpurpura.Tidakpernah bulousatau.esikular.Rua%khas adalaherite%aditelapaktan(an dankaki,disertaiede%ayan( nyeri6Signs and Symptoms(ultipleorganmanifestations,some spe*i/* in*lude stra'&erry ton(ue Compli*ationCardia*multiplemanifestations in*ludinganeurysm,C0S*ompli*ations in*ludemeningoen*ephalitisand infar*tion$a'asaki Disease -ymph 0ode Syndrome Dther Rashes of ChildhoodUrticaria and )rythe%a :odosu%Urticaria3tiologyDrug 8 Indu*edAspirin,Ibuprofen,&eni*illin, Sulfonamide,Anti*on.ulsants, Antidiabeti*Infe*tion! 3n.iron8mental&arasiti*As*aris,7as*iola",4arious .iralandba*terialinfe*tions, 4arious i.y and grasses5yper8sensiti.ity5eaturti*aria,Laterurti*aria,Cold urti*aria,3xer*iseurti*aria,7ood urti*aria$erang,$a*ang,Telur, :andum, Soya"3@ores8*en*e&enonColanber'arnamerahpu*at,gatal, dapatmenimbulkansensasiRterbakarFatau RmenyengatF. 6rti*aria 5i.es < )iduran < :iduan < $aligata 3rythema 0odosum )rythe%a :odosu%3tiology InAammation of fat *ells under the skin&redile*tion4ery *ommon in age 1#8#1 years3@ores*en*e0odulber'arnamerahyanghangatdan nyeriKbiasaterCadidibetisbagiandepan. DapatterCadidimanapundiseluruhtubuh. Seiring'aktuberCalan,'arnalesiberubah menCadibiru,*oklat,kuning,dankemudian hiCau.0odulbiasanyamenghilangdalam#8B minggu tanpa bekas.Causes