politik luar negeri amerika serikat di kawasan eropa (1)
TRANSCRIPT
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8/10/2019 Politik Luar Negeri Amerika Serikat Di Kawasan Eropa (1)
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Issues
What is United States foreign policy in
Europe?
How do the US see Europe and EU
How does the existence of the EU change
foreign policy approaches from the US
What can we learn from this?
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WHY EUROPE?
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It is already evident that, before the
United States Government canproceed much further in its efforts toalleviate the situation and help startthe European world on its way torecovery, there must be some
agreement among the countries ofEurope as to the requirements of thesituation and the part those countriesthemselves will take......the initiative, I
think, must come from Europe
George C. Marshall, 1947
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Problems are arising that only Europe and
the United States togetherhave theresources to deal with.......It is evident
that we must go a good deal further
towards an Atlantic Community. The
creation of a united Europe brings this
nearer by making it possible for America
and Europe to act as partners....
Jean Monnet, 1962
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The Need of Better Cooperation?
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Key Events
Truman Doctrine
Marshall Plan
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
The 1954 French defeat at Dien Bien Phu
The 1956 Suez crisis
1957 Treaty of Rome, which created European Economic Community.
Berlin wall 1966 French withdrawal from military structure of NATO
The Vietnam war, opposed by political and public opinion in westernEurope
End of the Bretton Woods system1971, brought about by the Nixonadministration without reference to western European leaders.
Ostpolitik 1973 Yom Kippur War
1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
1990-91 Gulf war
1991 outbreak of the Yugoslav Wars.
2003 invasion of Iraq.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truman_Doctrinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall_Planhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dien_Bien_Phuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Romehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_wallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bretton_Woods_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostpolitikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yom_Kippur_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yugoslav_Warshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Iraqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Invasion_of_Iraqhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yugoslav_Warshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yom_Kippur_Warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostpolitikhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bretton_Woods_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bretton_Woods_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bretton_Woods_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_warhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berlin_wallhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Romehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suez_crisishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dien_Bien_Phuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dien_Bien_Phuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dien_Bien_Phuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dien_Bien_Phuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Atlantic_Treaty_Organizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall_Planhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truman_Doctrine -
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Trend of Political Relations US-
European Countries
US provide support, economy,
military and European states
can grow in peace
Consistent disagreement in
utilisation of military power
and approaches in different
cases
Despite this, why are the two
still attracted to each other?
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THE EUROPEAN UNION: GIFT OR CURSETO THE US-EUROPE RELATIONS?
Is it All About the Money?
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EU Approach v US Approach
Trade agreements not merely as a scheme to
transfer products overseas, but as a part of
recovery strategy to gain markets (Rosecrance)
Crisis made foreign economy important, so
economies need to be more open to export
Big and small states all experience effects of
crisis and no political action can stop this
1929 : protectionism does not help
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EU Approach v US Approach
Rose and Frankel: trade zones like EU increase
members trade volume and GDP growth
The EUs winning pointhave found cost
effective way to deal with economic demands
Economic cooperation more than a way to
get products abroad, but more to safeguard
recovery strategy and expand markets abroad
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EU Approach v US Approach
Gilpin: US leadership in the rescue of war-torn
Europe was given a security umbrella by the
US but it also needs to agree to US economic
order
US dominance in global economy and
commodity resolved by convergence
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Is it true that now that Europe has made
peace that the US is no longer important?
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The US-EU Economic Relations: The
Biggest Bilateral Economic Relations in
the World?
United States Trade Balance with EU countries 2008-2012
Source: US Trade, EU Bilateral Trade and Trade with the World http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-
regions/countries/united-states/
http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/ -
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US-EU Trade Trend
Source: US Trade, EU Bilateral Trade and Trade with the World http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-
regions/countries/united-states/
http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/united-states/ -
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How are Things on the European Side?
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Effects of European Investment
12,5% of employment generated in the US
from European investment
EU firms pay USDollar 8,6 Million US taxes
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Issues of Competitiveness
14 of the 20 largest commercial banks in the world areEuropean
Europe has larger share of small-to-medium sizeentrepreneurial firms (67% of their total economy) than the
U.S. economy (46%). The EU lags behind the U.S. in value-added to high tech
products, number of high tech patents, & of workers with ahigh school degree. The U.S. lags behind Europe in number ofscience/engineering college grads; government-financed R&D
& in new capital raised. 168 of Top 500 companies are European, compared to 153
American
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EU, US and Other Issues
Bush Doctrine:
War against terrorism
1. Europeans do not think the same2. Reaction against American willingness to
defend
3. Response against deployment in IraqEurope is not united
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What is the Current Dynamic?
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Discussion
What are the common grounds and sourcesof conflict between the US and Europe?
What is the form of US foreign policy toEurope and EU?
Is a Union of European nations better forUS foreign policy?
How is integration better?
What can Indonesia learnfrom this?