ISI KULIAH (4 X PERTEMUAN)1. KONSEP DAN PENDEKATAN KERUANGAN

2. MODEL KERUANGAN KEGIATAN PRIMER (PERTANIAN)

3. MODEL KERUANGAN KEGIATAN SEKUNDER (INDUSTRI)

4. MODEL KERUANGAN KEGIATAN TERSIER (JASA PERDAGANGAN)

5. TATA RUANG DALAM PRAKTEK DI INDONESIA

BAHAN KULIAH AKTR (1)1. Posisi keruangan dalam studi geografi (review)2. Konsep dan Pendekatan Keruangan

By. Luthfi Muta’ali

REVIEW POSISI ANALISIS KERUANGAN DALAM GEOGRAFI

WHAT IS GEOGRAPHY ?• Studi geografi hakekatnya adalah studi

keruangan tentang gejala-gejala geografi

(Hagget).

• Study of areal differentiation.”

• A description of “… spatial arrangements and

associations of activities and processes in

geographical space.”

• Ilmu yang mempelajari fenomena geosfer,

dengan pendekatan ekologi dan keruangan

dalam konteks kompleks wilayah.

RUANG LINGKUP GEOGRAFI (RHOAD MURPHEY)

• The distribution and relationship of

mankind over the earth and the spatial

aspects of human activities and use of the

earth.

• The interrelation between human society

and the physical environment as part of the

study of areal differences.

• The regional framework and the analysis

of specific region.

THE SPATIAL TRADITION• Focuses on where things are and why

they are there

• Asks about patterns of human occupancy of the earth’s surface

• Abstract concern for patterns, processes, geometry, movement, etc

• Theoretical & analytical: concerned with explanation and prediction of the generalrather than description & understanding of the particular

• Allied with mathematics, economics,psychology, sociology

ANALISA 5-WH•WHAT gejala atau fenomena geosfer

•WHERE distribusi fenomena geosfer

•WHY interaksi, interrelasi, asosiasi,

integrasi

•WHEN dimensi waktu

•WHO subyek (

•HOW intensitas gejala (kualitatif

atau kuantitatif), problem solution.

Tugas (latihan): analisis keruangan kegiatan manusia (human activity) atau (fenomena geosfer) dengan 5WH

LINK TUGAS (LIHAT FB

SELASAR). PENJELASAN

KONSEP DAN

PENDEKATAN

KERUANGANApa pentingnya? Bagi pembangunan

“keadilan / pemerataan spasial” tugas geografi

Ilustrasi keruangan

A

B

C

A

BC

A

B

C

CORE CONCEPTS OF THE SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE

• LEVEL I (POSISI)

1. Places have location, direction, and distance with respect to

other places.

2. Places interact with other places

• LEVEL II (STRUKTUR)

• 3. The content of places is rationally structured

• 4. Scale is important

• 5. Places may be generalized into regions.

• LEVEL III (DETERMINAN)

• 6. The physical structure and cultural content of place are

dynamic not static.

• 7. Geographical problems are characterized by historical,

dimensional, and time-space tension

• 8. Perception, cognition, and choice are fundamental to the

evolution of human landscapes and their interaction with

the natural landscape

SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE

SPACE

REGION

PLACE

Fenomena GEOSFER

Level-1 (posisi)

Level-2 (struktur)

Level-3 (determinan)

riel

• Komponenen

Objek

geosfer

dalam Ruang

• 1. Titik

• 2. Garis

• 3. Area

OBJEK GEOSFER DALAM RUANG

KONSEP-KONSEP SPASIALLEVEL-1

• LOCATION

A. Lokasi absolut dan Relatif (distance dan direction)

B. Site dan Situation

2. DIRECTION

a. Absolut direction

b. Relatif direction

3. DISTANCE

a. Absolut distance (Phisical/spatial/time)

b. Relatif distance (time/temporal and cognitif)

4. INTERACTION

a. Spatial dependency

b. Friction of distance

c. Accessibility

d. Conectivity

e. Network

f. diffusion

LEVEL-2

• SPATIAL STRUCTURE

a. Density

b. Dispersion

c. Concentration

d. Pattern

2. SKALA

a. Scale of analysis (scoping)

global to local

a. Scale of map

3. REGION

a. Hierarchical region

b. Formal region

c. Functional region

d. Perception region

LEVEL III

6. The physical and cultural content of place are dynamic not static.

7. Geographical problems are characterized by historical, dimensional, and time-space tension

8. Perception, cognition, and choiceare fundamental to the evolution of human landscapes and their interaction with the natural landscape

SPATIAL APPROACH

(SABARI YUNUS)

•SPATIAL PATERN(distribusi mengelompok-menyebar)

•SPATIAL STRUCTURE(keberaturan dan intensitas)

•SPATIAL PROCESS•SPATIAL ORGANIZATION

(hierarkhi)

•SPATIAL INTERACTION•SPATIAL TENDENCY/TREND•SPATIAL ASSOCIATION•SPATIAL SYNERGISM

struktur RUANG adalah hasil

kenampakan interaksi multi

faktor

Economic

Social Spatial/Regional Structure

Culture Human process (pattern of economic Activity)

Politic created reg. structure

Geographic

reciprocal relationship

spatial form / regional structure influence a human process

Kenampakan : struktur ekonomi, struktur sosial, struktur pemanfaatan ruang