peran un world food programme (wfp) dalam menangani krisis pangan...

PERAN UN WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME (WFP) DALAM

MENANGANI KRISIS PANGAN DI NIGER

Disusun dan diajukan untuk memenuhi salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar

Sarjana Ilmu Politik (S.IP) Strata-1

Disusun Oleh :

Khalidah Alatas

201310360311032

PROGRAM STUDI ILMU HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL

FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2018

VI

KATA PENGANTAR

Dalam penyusunan skripsi ini penukis banyak mendapat bimbingan,

dukungan, dan dukungan dari berbagi pihak, baik moril maupun materil, sehingga

skripsi ini akhirnya dapat diselesaikan. Pada kesempatan ini dengan ketulusan hati

yang paling dalam, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih yang begitu besar kepada :

1. Allah SWT yang telah melimpahkan rahmat dan karunia-Nya kepada

penulis.

2. Orang tua tercinta, Ibu Mased Attamimi dan Ayah Hasan Alatas yang

selalu memberikan do’a, semangat, serta kasih saying yang tiada hentinya

agar penulis dapat menyelesaikan studi dan skripsi ini

3. Adik-adik tersayang Faradila, Gilang, Nurhaya dan Ghazali yang selalu

menemani dan memberi dukungan dan semangat agar penulis bisa

menyelesaikan skripsi ini.

4. Bapak M. Syaprin Zahidi M.A dan Bapak Najamuddin Khairur Rijal

M.Hub.Int selaku dosen pembimbing yang telah memberikan waktu,

tenaga, dan pikirannya untuk memberikan petunjuk, pengetahuan,

bimbingan, dan pengarahan selama penyusunan skripsi ini.

5. Sahabat Carlota, Annisa, Inda, Keken, Syila, Amel, Nova, Fiya, Harnold,

Faisal dan teman-teman seperjuangan lainnya Icha, Ira, Wadiah yang

selalu memberikan tempat untuk bercerita, tertawa dan memberikan

motivasi, dukungan serta semangat bagi penulis.

6. Bude selaku Ibu kos yang selalu memberikan kasih sayang, perhatian dan

dukungan bagi penulis.

VII

7. Terima Kasih untuk Juju yang selalu memberikan perhatian dan selalu

sabar dalam mengadapi penulis selama menyelesaikan skripsi. I love you.

8. Teman-teman seperjuangan Hubungan Internasional kelas A 2013

Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang atas jalinan persahabatan serta

kontribusi yang kalian berikan.

9. The Weekend untuk semua karya-karyanya yang selalu penulis nikmati

selama mengerjakan skripsi.

10. Serta semua pihak yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu persatu, namun

telah memberikan bantuan baik secara langsung maupun tidak.

Akhir kata, dengan segala kerendahan hati penulis ucapkan terima kasih

yang tidak terhingga kepada semua pihak yang terlibat, dengan harapan semoga

penelitian bermanfaat bagi semua pihak.

VIII

DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN AWAL ....................................................................................................... i

LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI .......................................................................... ii

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ........................................................................................... iii

BERITA ACARA BIMBIGAN .................................................................................... iv

PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ................................................................................. v

ABSTRAK ................................................................................................................... vi

ABSTRAK INGGRIS .................................................................................................. vii

DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................... viii

DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................... ix

BAB 1 .......................................................................................................................... 1

PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................................ 1

1.1 latar belakang .......................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Rumusan masalah ................................................................................................... 9

1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................................... 9

1.4. Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................................................ 10

1.4.1. Manfaat Akademis ............................................................................................. 10

1.4.2. Manfaat Praktis .................................................................................................. 10

1.3. Penelitian Terdahulu ............................................................................................. 10

1.5 Teori/Konsep ......................................................................................................... 23

1.5.1 Konsep Organisasi Internasional ......................................................................... 23

1.5.2 Konsep Food Security ......................................................................................... 30

1.6. Metode Penelitian ................................................................................................. 34

IX

1.6.1. Tipe Penelitian .................................................................................................. 34

1.6.2. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ................................................................................. 34

1.6.3. Teknik Analisa Data ........................................................................................... 34

1.6.4. Ruang Lingkup Penelitian .................................................................................. 36

a. Batasan Waktu ......................................................................................................... 36

b. Batasan Materi ........................................................................................................ 36

1.7. Argumen Dasar ..................................................................................................... 36

1.8. Sistematika Penulisan ............................................................................................ 37

BAB II ......................................................................................................................... 39

GAMBARAN UMUM WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME (WFP) SERTA KRISIS

PANGAN DAN KELAPARAN DI NIGER ...................................................................

2.1. Gambaran dari World Food Program (WFP) ......................................................... 39

2.1.1 Sejarah Terbentuknya WFP ................................................................................. 39

2.1.2. Tujuan dibentuknya WFP di Niger ..................................................................... 44

2.2. Masuknya WFP di Niger ....................................................................................... 50

2.3. Krisis Pangan dan Kelaparan di Niger ................................................................... 59

2.3.1.Penyebab Krisis pangan di Niger ......................................................................... 61

2.3.2. Korban Kelaparan di Niger ................................................................................. 64

2.4. Dampak Krisis Pangan dan Kelaparan di Niger .................................................... 66

BAB III ....................................................................................................................... 69

PERAN WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME (WFP) SEBAGAI AKTOR

INDEPENDENT DI NIGER ..........................................................................................

3.1. Menerapkan Bantuan Langsung (Emergency Operational) .................................... 69

3.2. Menerapkan Bantuan jangka Panjang .................................................................... 75

3.2.1. Food For W ork (FFW) ...................................................................................... 78

3.2.2. Food For Training (FFT) ................................................................................... 84

X

3.2.3. Cereal Bank (CB) ............................................................................................... 92

BAB IV ...................................................................................................................... 100

PERAN WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME (WFP) SEBAGAI ARENA DI NIGER

4.1. Membentuk Country Programme bersama Pemerintah Lokal ............................... 100

4.1.1. Dukungan Pembagunan Area Pedesaan ............................................................. 101

4.1.2. Dukungan di Bidang Pendidikan ....................................................................... 102

4.1.3. Dukungan di bidang Kesehatan ........................................................................ 107

4.2. Kerjasama WFP dengan IGO ..................................................................................

4.2.1. Kerjasama WFP dengan FAO ............................................................................ 110

4.2.2. Kerjasama WFP dengan WHO .......................................................................... 115

4.2.3. Kerjasama WFP dengan UNICEF ..................................................................... 122

4.3. Kerjasama WFP dengan INGO ............................................................................ 126

4.3.1. Kerjasama WFP dengan World Vision ............................................................... 126

4.3.2. Kerjasama WFP dengan IFAD .......................................................................... 128

BAB V ........................................................................................................................ 135

PENUTUPAN ...............................................................................................................

5.1. Kesimpulan .............................................................................................................

5.2. Saran ......................................................................................................................

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................. 13

XI

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

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XIII

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XIV

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XVI

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA