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PANDUAN PENULISAN SKRIPSI
PADA PROGRAM STUDI
TEKNIK INDUSTRI
UNIVERSITAS PRESIDEN
Oleh
Johan Oscar
NIM: xxxxxxxxx
Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Akademik
Mencapai Gelar Sarjana Strata Satu
pada Fakultas Teknik
Program Studi Teknik Industri
2012
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Logo
President University
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LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING
Skripsi berjudul “Increasing Line Efficiency in W1234 by using Time
Study and Line Balancing (A case study in PT XI)” yang disusun
dan diajukan oleh Yosi Twentiarani sebagai salah satu persyaratan
untuk mendapatkan gelar sarjana Strata Satu (S1) pada Fakultas
Teknik telah ditinjau dan dianggap memenuhi persyaratan sebuah
skripsi. Oleh karena itu, Saya merekomendasikan skripsi ini untuk
maju sidang.
Cikarang, Indonesia, 31 Januari 2012
Herwan Yusmira, Bsc. MET, MTech. (Nama Pembimbing)
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LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS
Saya menyatakan bahwa skripsi berjudul “Increasing Line
Efficiency in W1234 by using Time Study and Line Balancing (A
case study in PTXI)” adalah hasil dari pekerjaan saya dan seluruh
ide, pendapat atau materi dari sumber lain telah dikutip dengan cara
penulisan referensi yang sesuai.
Pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenar-benarnya dan jika pernyataan
ini tidak sesuai dengan kenyataan maka saya bersedia menanggung
sanksi yang akan dikenakan pada saya.
Cikarang, Indonesia, 31 Januari 2012
Yosi Twentiarani
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LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
INCREASING LINE EFFICIENCY OF W1234 BY
USING TIME STUDY AND LINE BALANCING
(A case study in PTXI)
Oleh
Yosi Twentiarani
ID No. 00420080023
Disetujui Oleh
Herwan Yusmira, B.Sc. MET, MTech Johan Oscar Ong, ST., MT.
Pembimbing 1 Pembimbing 2
Herwan Yusmira, B.Sc. MET, MTech
Ketua Program Studi Teknik Industri
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ABSTRAK
Abstrak ditulis tidak lebih dari 200 kata dengan menggunakan jenis huruf Times
New Roman 12 pt spasi 1,5. Abstrak meliputi seluruh proses riset/penelitian
dimulai dari latar belakang masalah, metodologi penelitian dan hasil.
Kata kunci: minimum 6 kata kunci
ABSTRACT
Abstrak dalam bahasa Inggris ditulis tidak lebih dari 200 kata dengan
menggunakan jenis huruf Times New Roman 12 pt spasi 1,5 dan miring (Italic).
Keywords:
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KATA PENGANTAR
Segala puji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, karena atas
segala berkat dan karuniaNya, penulis mampu menyelesaikan penyusunan skripsi.
Laporan skripsi ini tidak akan terwujud tanpa dukungan dari berbagai pihak
melalui bantuan, dorongan, dan doa. Oleh karena itu, pada kesempatan ini penulis
mengucapkan terima kasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada:
1. Kedua orang tua saya yang telah mencurahkan kasih sayangnya selama ini.
2. Bapak Herwan selaku pembimbing skripsi dan Ketua Program Studi Jurusan
Teknik Industri
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sebelum dan sesudah paragraph (do not add space between paragraphs))
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DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING ....................................................... i
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS ..................................................... ii
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN .................................................................................. iii
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................ v
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... vii
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................. ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ x
DAFTAR ISTILAH .............................................................................................. xi
BAB I PENDAHULIAN ...................................................................................... 1
1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah ......................................................................... 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................. 4
1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................... 4
1.4. Batasan Masalah ..................................................................................... 5
1.5. Asumsi.................................................................................................... 5
1.6. Sistematika Penulisan............................................................................. 5
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .......................................................................... 9
2.1. Vehicle Routing Problem ....................................................................... 9
2.1.1 Definition ...................................................................................... 9
2.1.2 Basic VRP Model .......................................................................... 10
2.1.2.1 Travelling Salesman Problem ........................................... 10
2.1.2.2 Set Part Partitioning .......................................................... 11
2.1.3 VRP Classifications ...................................................................... 12
2.2. Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Window (VRPTW) ....................... 14
2.3. Vehicle Routing Problem with Multiple Trips (VRPMT) ...................... 15
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN.............................................................. 33
3.1. Observasi Pendahuluan .......................................................................... 33
3.2. Identifikasi Permasalahan ...................................................................... 34
3.3. Tinjauan Pustaka .................................................................................... 36
viii
3.4. Pengumpulan dan Pengolahan Data ....................................................... 36
3.4.1 Pengumpulan Data ............................................................................. 36
3.4.2 Pengolahan Data ................................................................................ 36
3.5. Analisis ................................................................................................... 37
3.6. Kesimpulan dan Saran ............................................................................ 37
BAB IV PENGOLAHAN DATA DAN ANALISI .............................................. 38
4.1. Initial Efficiency ..................................................................................... 38
4.2. Improvement through Kaizen 555 ......................................................... 39
4.3. Analisis ………………………………………...………………………50
BabV SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ........................................................................ 78
5.1. Simpulan ................................................................................................ 78
5.2. Saran ....................................................................................................... 79
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 80
LAMPIRAN .......................................................................................................... 81
Lampiran 1 Picture of Equipments ........................................................ 81
Lampiran 2 OPC of W1234 before Observation .................................... 86
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.1 Comparison table among four techniques of work measurement .... 10
Tabel 3.2 Westinghouse System Scoring ......................................................... 12
Tabel 4.1 Performance factor calculation ........................................................ 15
(Penamaan gambar harus sesuai dengan urutan bab dan diikuti urutan table pada
bab bersangkutan. Sebagai contoh, Tabel 3.1. dapat dilihat pada bab 3 dan
merupakan tabel pertama pada bab 3)
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 3.1 Example of Operation Process Chart ......................................... 9
Gambar 3.2 An example of precedence diagram ............................................ 11
Gambar 4.1 Flowchart of simulation making ................................................. 14
(Penamaan gambar harus sesuai dengan urutan bab dan diikuti urutan gambar
pada bab bersangkutan. Sebagai contoh, Gambar 3.1. dapat dilihat pada bab 3
dan merupakan gambar pertama pada bab 3)
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DAFTAR ISTILAH
Balance delay : the amount of idle on production assembly lines caused by the
uneven division of work among operators and stations
Cycle time : the period required to complete one cycle of an operation, or to
complete a function, job, or task from start to finish
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1
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN (TNR 16, 1.5space)
1.1.Latar Belakang Masalah
Having high efficiency is very beneficial for a company. One of the benefits is
related to the internal of the company itself. When the efficiency is high, it means
that all resources such as men, raw material, machines, and space are well-
utilized. Thus, excess resources can be allocated for other projects. Moreover, the
company could also spend proper cost of production when the efficiency is high.
Another benefit is increase the value of the company in the midst of business
competition. The company will be able to produce more output with a shorter lead
time in fulfilling demand from customers. Those are some benefits of having high
efficiency.
1.2.Rumusan Masalah
The background of the problem leads into the statement below.
What is the root cause of having low line efficiency in costume sewing of
W1234?
How to increase the line efficiency in costume sewing of W1234?
1.3.Tujuan Penelitian
The main objective of this research is to increase the line efficiency in from 57.6%
into 90%. Absolutely, it also means that the target output will be achieved, 500
finished costumes a day. Thus the overtime will be eliminated. By doing this final
project, there are some secondary objectives could be achieved. Those are:
Removing hand-to-mouth system
Reducing cost of production
1.4.Batasan Masalah
Due to limited time and resources in doing this research, there will be some scope
in the observation:
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The observation is only done in dress part of W1234.
This project is done in October, 12 -20, 2011.
Adding or eliminating sewing operator could be executed by Sewing
Production Department.
1.5.Asumsi (jika ada)
Some assumptions have to be made in order to run this model properly.
There will be no defect in the midst of sewing process.
The target output is always the same.
1.6.Sistematika Penulisa
Bab I Pendahuluan
This chapter consists of the background of final project, project
identification, objective, scope and assumption of the study.
Baba II Tinjauan Pustaka
This chapter delivers the previous study about time study, line
balancing, and other tools which support this final project.
Bab III Metodologi Penelitian
The flow of this final project is explained in this chapter.
Bab IV Pengolahan Data dan Analisis
The data observation is processed and analyzed in this chapter. The
result of data analysis is a new arrangement of line W1234 which
expected to increase the line efficiency.
Bab V Kesimpulan dan Saran
This chapter will give the conclusion result of this final project,
and also recommendation for future research.
3
BAB II
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1.Normality Test
Beside the normality, the uniformity of the data also needs to be examined. A set
of data may fulfill the law in normality test but the variance is too wide. Thus the
data is significantly different one another. Therefore, a limit must be created in
this test to make sure that all data is in expected range area. If it is found a data
outside the limit, that data must be removed. These are the steps to determine the
uniformity of a set of data:
a. Calculate average observed time ( ) for each operation.
∑
(2-1)
b. Calculate the standard deviation (s) of each operation (Wignjosoebroto, 2000).
√∑
(2-2)
(All equations have to be numbered by number of chapter following the order of the
equation in the chapter. For instance, equation 2-1can be found in chapter 2 and located
at the second equation).
(All table, figures, drawings and half-tone illustrations (pictures) should, as far as
possible, appear in appropriate place within the body of the text, and must be in a form
suitable for printing. The alignment of a figure is in center and in left for a table. Figures
should be in frameless format)
Table 4.1 Sewing line efficiency of W1234 (TNR 11pt bold)
Date Operator Overtime Output Line
(hours) (in thousand) Efficiency
10-Oct-11 9 16 0.3 44.6%
11-Oct-11 9 16 0.375 55.8%
14-Oct-11 9 34 0.5 61.8%
15-Oct-11 9 30 0.5 64.2%
Total 141 2.535
4
Figure 4.1 Yamazumi Chart of W1234 in the initial observation by Kaizen 555 team
(TNR 11pt Bold)
Citing References
The references should be listed in the alphabetical order of the author names
and in the order of the publication years within the same author’s works.
Each reference should be written in the order of the authors, the publication
year, the title or source.
Journal names, names of conferences, proceedings, and book titles should be
italicized and should have the first character of each word uppercase, except
for the conjunctions and articles.
The article title should be written between apostrophes, e.g., ”The Example
of….” and should have the first character of each word uppercase, except for
the conjunctions and articles. The volume, series and pages are written
consecutively.
The three or more authors of a reference should be written as the first author
followed by 'et al.', for instance, (Forza et al.,1993) at the end of a sentence,
Forza et al. (1993) in a sentence. It is recommended to avoid referring a Web
source since the availability is not secured. If there is an official document
source, for instance, a journal paper, for the same document, please refer the
official document. However, you may sparingly use Web sources. In the case,
when available, the title, the author name, and the year should be clarified in
addition to the detailed address.
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Forza, C., Vinelli, A., and Filippini, R., Telecommunication Services for Quick
Response in the Textile-Apparel Industry, Proceedings of the 1st International
Symposium on Logistics, The University of Nottingham, 1993, pp. 119-26.
Holmes, C. C., and Mallick, B. K., Generalized Nonlinear Modeling with
Multivariate Free-Knot, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 98(462),
2003, pp. 352-365.
Klir, J., and Yuan, B., Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic: Theory and Applications,
Prentice-Hall, New Delhi, 2001.
Lyche, T., and Morken, K., Spline Methods, Draft, 2004, retrieved from
http://www.ubuion./umn/english/index.html on 09 November 2009.
Mallian, H., Studi Literatur tentang Model Peramalan ARMA(p,q) dan Selang
Keper-cayaan Parameter Model dengan Menggunakan Bootstrap, Tugas Akhir,
Jurusan Teknik Industri, Universitas Kristen Petra, Surabaya, 2006.
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