limbah minyak jelantah.pdf

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6th Biomass Asia Workshop, Hiroshima Japan, November 18-20, 2009

Utilization of Palm Wastes

for Biodiesel

2009. 11. 19

Jin-Suk Lee

Korea Institute of Energy Research


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Vegetable oil Biodiesel

Base Catalyst

Biodiesel is the im ortant reen diesel fuel from all ve etable oils


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o ese u oo

Korea or


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(Rapeseed, Soybean and Others)

100

120

106K

L

60

80

20

40 Ethanol

Biodiesel

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020

FuelFood


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Plantation Farms

Abandoned Palm Fruits due to High Free Fatty Acids (FFA)

CPO RBD

Palm sludge oil

(PSO)Palm

distillate

Characteristics of Palm Oil WastesWaste fats FFA content, % Potential amount, ton/yr

Waste Palm oil > 10

1.5 x 10

6

Palm distillate > 90


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Base catalyst Acid catalyst

Feedstock Refined oil

Waste fats

(high free fatty acid)

Reaction condition< 100oC

< 5 atm

200-300oC

50-80 atm

Reaction Time < 0.5hr > 4hrCatalysts NaOCH3, KOH, NaOH H2SO4

R&D Issues on biodiesel from palm oil wastes- How handle the high free fatty acids in palm oil waste?

- Waste generation including low grade glycerine withomogeneous ca a ys


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General Scheme for Biodiesel

Production from Waste Fats

Triglycerides in Waste fats

Transesterification(Base Catalyst)

Alcohol(Methanol/ Ethanol)Step 2

Biodiesel:Fatty Acid (M)ethyl Esters

rom na ura or g n

(Acid Catalyst)co o

(Methanol/ Ethanol)Step 1

a y c s n as e a s


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ec no ogy y o a a ys


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Performance of the Process

(Biodiesel purity)

- High conversion is achieved in the process in all range of fatty acid contentin CPO even 100 % of fatty acid

- Final biodiesel concentration in product is expected over 98 %

99.6

99.8

)

99

99.2

99.4

n

a

o

98.2

98.4

98.6

.

B

D

C

97.8

98

2 4 10 20 30 50 100 150 200

Ac id va lue of V e ge table oi l Fe eds tock)

B

Acid va lu e of V egetable o i l Feedstock)


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- Catalytic activity is maintained for a long period with high yield- Conversion of 1st step reaction is reached about 95 %, while acid value is got

around 1 (Initial AV ; 4 15)

100

3Conver s i on Ac i d Val ue

80

90

ion(%)

2

2. 5

lue

50

60

70

C

onvers

1. 5

AcidVa

30

40

1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69

0. 5

1

er o ay


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Like the palm cellulosic wastes for ethanol, utilizationof palm oil wastes may be another important

An innovative biodiesel rocess for alm oil wastes

needs to be developed

The process employing solid catalyst is a promisingoption


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Thank ou!

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