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8/13/2019 Jaringan Komputer Lanjut - 02

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Pemodelan Lapisan Jaringan


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Physical Layer

Media is the actual physical environmentthrough which data travels as it moves fromone component to another, and it connectsnetwork devices. The most common types of

net-work media are twisted-pair cable,coaxial cable, fiber-optic cable, and wireless.Each media type has specific capabilities andserves specific purposes.

Understanding the types of connections thatcan be used within a network provides abetter understanding of how networksfunction in transmitting data from one point toanother.


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Jenis-jenis Media


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Jenis-jenis Media


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Jenis-jenis Media


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Jenis-jenis Media


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Type Max

Segment

Length

Speed Cost Advantages Disadvantages

UTP 100 m 10 Mbps

100

Mbps

Least

expensive

Easy to

install, widely

available,widely used

Susceptible to

interference;

can cover onlya limited

distance

STP 100 m 10-100

Mbps

More

expensive

than UTP

Reduced

crosstalk,

lesssusceptible to

EMI than

UTP or

Thinnet

Difficult to work

with; can cover

only a limiteddistance

Coaxia

l

500

meters(Thicknet)

185

meters

(Thinnet)

10-100

Mbps

Relatively

inexpensive but

more

costly than

UTP

Less

susceptible toEMI than

other types of

copper media

Difficult to work

with(Thicknet);

limited

bandwidth;

limited

application

(Thinnet);


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Ethernet


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Logical Link Control (LLC)

Makes the connection with the upperlayers.

Frames the Network layer packet.

Identifies the Network layer protocol.

Remains relatively independent of the

physical equipment.

Uses IEEE 802.2 standard.


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Media Access Control (MAC)

Data Encapsulation: Includes frameassembly before transmission, frame

parsing upon reception of a frame, data

link layer MAC addressing, and errordetection.

Media Access Control: Because Ethernet

is a shared media and all devices can

transmit at any time, media access is

controlled by a method called Carrier

Sense Multiple Access with Collision

Detection (CSMA/CD).


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Alasan Penggunaan Ethernet

Simplicity and ease of maintenance

Ability to incorporate new technologies

Reliability

Low cost of installation and upgrade


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Sejarah Ethernet

Coaxial-10BASE5 (Thicknet)

-10BASE2 (Thinnet)


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Sejarah Ethernet

UTP-10BASE-T-Half-duplex communicatio


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Sejarah Ethernet

UTP-100BASE-TX

-Full-duplex communication


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Struktur Frame Ethernet


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Header Preamble

Start of Frame Delimiter

Address Length

Data (Packet)

Trailer


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Preamble 7 octet of 10101010

Start of Frame Delimiter 1 octet of 10101011

Address Source MAC Address

Destination MAC Address

Length/Ethertype

Data (Packet-Segment-Data)

Frame Check Sequence Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)

Interframe Gap 12 octet of idle-line state


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MAC Address


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MAC Address

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