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HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU DENGAN KEPATUHAN
KUNJUNGAN ANC DI KOTA SURAKARTA
Skripsi ini Disusun Guna Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat untuk Melakukan
Penelitian Bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat
Oleh :
CANDRA WAHYUNINGRUM
J410140073
PROGAM STUDI KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
FAKULTAS KESEHATAN
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
2019
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HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP IBU DENGAN KEPATUHAN
KUNJUNGAN ANC DI KOTA SURAKARTA
Skripsi ini Disusun Guna Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat untuk Melakukan
Penelitian Bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat
Disusun Oleh :
CANDRA WAHYUNINGRUM
J410140073
Pembimbing : Kusuma Estu Werdani, SKM, M.Kes
PROGRAM STUDI KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
2019
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ABSTRACT
CANDRA WAHYUNINGRUM
J410 150 023
Antenatal Care visits are an important factor in reducing maternal and child
mortality. The lack of achievement of the ANC K4 target, due to a lack of
understanding of the Maternal and Child Health (KIA) guidelines, especially
adherence to prenatal visits is still lacking. Knowledge is an important aspect that
underlies a person's motivation to take action to take part in health services. In
addition to knowledge, one other factor that influences adherence to ANC visits is
attitude. This study aims to analyze the relationship between knowledge and
attitudes of pregnant women with adherence to ANC visits in Surakarta City. This
type of research is observational analytic using a cross sectional approach. The
population in this study were all pregnant women who entered the third trimester
at Nusukan, Sangkrah and Penumping puskemas. The number of research samples
is 77 pregnant women. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship
between the knowledge and compliance of ANC visits in Surakarta, this is
evidenced by the p-value of 0.00, There is a relationship between the attitude and
compliance of ANC visits in Surakarta with a p-value of 0.002.
Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Antenatal Care
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BIODATA
Nama : Candra Wahyu Ningrum
NIM : J410140073
Tempat,Tanggal
Lahir
: Temanggung 1 maret 1995
Jenis Kelamin : Perempuan
Alamat : Wonosroyo Rt08 Rw 01 Bojonegoro Kedu
Temanggung Jawa Tengah
Agama : Islam
Nomor
Handphone
: 082328876087
Alamat Email : [email protected]
Program Studi : Kesehatan Masyarakat
Peminatan : Adsminitrasi Kebijakan Kesehatan (AKK)
Riwayat
Pendidikan
: 1.Lulusan TK pertiwi Temanggung 2002
2.Lulusan SD Negeri 2 Jampiroso
Temanggung 2008
3. Lulusan SMP Negeri 1 Temanggung 2010
4. Lulusan SMA 1 Muhammadiyah
Temanggung 2013
5. Menempuh Pendidikan di Program studi
Kesehatan Masyarakat FIK UMS Sejak
Tahun 2014
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN DEPAN ...................................................................................... i
HALAMAN JUDUL ...................................................................................... ii
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................... iv
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN ...................................................................... v
PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI ............................................................................ vi
PERNYATAAN ........................................................................................... vii
BIODATA .................................................................................................. viii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................... xi
DAFTAR TABEL ........................................................................................ xii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................... xiii
DAFTAR SINGKATAN ............................................................................ xiv
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah ....................................................................... 1
B. Rumusan Masalah ................................................................................ 6
C. Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................................. 6
D. Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................... 7
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
A. Kepatuhan Kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) .................................... 8
1. Pengertian Kepatuhan ................................................................... 8
2. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan .......................................... 8
3. Pengertian Antenatal Care .............................................................. 10
4. Tujuan Antenatal Care ................................................................... 13
5. Manfaat Pemeriksaan Kehamilan (ANC/Antenatal Care) ............. 14
6. Jadwal Pemeriksaan Kehamilan/ANC ........................................... 14
B. Pengetahuan ......................................................................................... 17
C. Sikap ..................................................................................................... 21
1. Pengertian Sikap............................................................................. 21
2. Ciri-ciri Sikap ................................................................................. 21
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3. Tingkatan Sikap ............................................................................. 22
4. Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Sikap ...................................... 23
5. Pengukuran sikap ........................................................................... 25
D. Kerangka Teori..................................................................................... 26
E. Kerangka Konsep ................................................................................. 26
F. Hipotesis ............................................................................................... 27
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
A. Jenis dan Desain Penelitian ................................................................. 28
B. Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian .............................................................. 28
C. Populasi dan Sampel ........................................................................... 28
D. Variabel dan Definisi Operasional ...................................................... 30
E. Pengumpulan Data .............................................................................. 32
F. Langkah – Langkah Penelitian ............................................................ 34
G. Analisis Data ....................................................................................... 36
BAB IV HASIL
A. Gambaran Umum Kota Surakarta ........................................................ 37
B. Karakteristik Responden ...................................................................... 38
C. Analisis Data ........................................................................................ 40
1. Analisis Univariat........................................................................... 41
2. Hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap ibu hamil terhadap Kunjuang
ANC .............................................................................................. 42
BAB V PEMBAHASAN
A. Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC)
Di Kota Surakarta ................................................................................. 45
B. Hubungan Sikap dengan Kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) Di
Kota Surakarta ...................................................................................... 47
BAB VI PENUTUP
A. Simpulan .............................................................................................. 50
B. Saran ..................................................................................................... 50
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1. Kerangka Teori .............................................................................. 26
Gambar 2. Kerangka Konsep ........................................................................... 26
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 4.1 Distribusi Frekuensi Karakteristik Responden ..................................... 38
Tabel 4.2 Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Hamil ........................................................... 40
Tabel 4.3 Sikap Ibu Hamil .................................................................................... 41
Tabel 4.4 Hubungan Pengetahuan dengan Kunjungan Antenatal Care
(ANC) di Kota Surakarta ...................................................................................... 42
Tabel 4.5 Hubungan Sikap Dengan Kunjungan Antenatal Care (ANC) Di
Kota Surakarta ....................................................................................................... 43
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. Kuisioner Penelitian
Lampiran 2 Lembar Observasi Pemeriksaan Kehamilan (Trisemester Pertama)
Lampiran 2. Data Penelitian
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DAFTAR SINGKATAN
AKB = Angka Kematian Bayi
AKI = Angka Kematian Ibu
ANC = Antenatal Care
ASEAN = Association of Southeast Asian Nations
ASI = Air Susu Ibu
BBLR = Berat Badan Lahir Rendah
HB = Hemoglobin
K1 = Kunjungan I
K2 = Kunjungan II
K3 = Kunjungan III
K4 = Kunjungan IV
KB = Keluarga Berencana
KIA = Kesehatan Ibu dan Anak
SDKI = Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia