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SUMMARY

PEMANFAATAN CHAR GAMBUT SEBAGAIKARBON AKTIF UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR

METHYLENE BLUE DALAM LIMBAH TEKSTIL

REMOVAL OF METHYLENE BLUE INWASTEWATER FROM THE TEXTILE INDUSTRYUSING ACTIVATED CARBON PREPARED FROM

CHAR PEAT

Created by Cendani, Naning Ari; Dinar Tunjung Kusuma W

Subject : Limbah, Pembuangan

Keyword : : gambut; methylene blue; karbon aktif; adsorpsi.

Description :Perkembangan industri tekstile memegang peranan pentingdalam perekonomian negara kita. Air limbah yang dihasilkan olehindustri tekstile merupakan salah satu polutan pada air sungai. Zatwarna secara jelas digunakan sebagai indikator polusi pada air. Airlimbah tidak hanya berbahaya bagi tubuh air tetapi juga bersifat toxicbagi kehidupan biota air. Air limbah yang mengandung zat warna dariindustri tekstile sangat sulit untuk diolah dengan metode sederhana.Pada masa sekarang ini, adsorption merupakan metode yang palingefektif untuk mengurangi kadar zat warna pada limbah, karbon aktifsangat populer dan digunakan secara luas sebagai adsorbent. Tujuandari penelitian ini adalah memberikan metode alternatif pembuatankarbon aktif dari char gambut untuk menurunkan kadar pewarnamethylene blue dalam limbah cair yang dihasilkan dari industri tekstil.Hasil penelitian pada tiap-tiap perlakuan dihitung isoterm adsorpsinyamenurut adsorpsi isoterm FreundlichPembuatan karbon aktif meliputi dua langkah utama, yaitukarbonasi bahan baku dan aktivasi produk karbonasi. Proses karbonasidilakukan dengan cara pirolisa gambut pada suhu 600°C selama 2 jamuntuk, selanjutnya proses aktivasi dengan cara merendam arang gambutyang telah dikarbonasi ke dalam larutan asam fosfat dengankonsentrasi 40% berat selama ± 12 jam dan menyaring karbon aktifserta memanaskan kembali selama 2 jam pada temperatur 800°C.Residu padat didinginkan pada temperatur ruangan dan mencucidengan NaOH 0,1 N sebanyak 100 ml sehingga pH karbon menjadinetral. Karbon aktif dikeringkan pada temperatur 100°C selama 1 jamdalam oven kemudian mengayak karbon aktif yang telah jadi denganukuran 60 mesh. Penentuan kesetimbangan adsorpsi isoterm dilakukandengan cara mengaduk campuran 4 g karbon aktif dengan 100 mllarutan methylene blue pada temperatur 30°C, pada variasi konsentrasiawal. Pengocokan terebut dilakukan pada variasi waktu 24 jam, dan 48jam dengan kecepatan dijaga konstant pada 150 rpm. Konsentrasi awaldan akhir dari larutan methylene blue diukur dengan menggunakanspektofotometer SP 1104 pada panjang gelombang 664 nm.

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Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa karbonaktif dari char gambut mampu menurunkan kadar methylene blue dalamlarutan zat warna tekstil dengan persen removal sekitar 98 %. Hasilanalisa menunjukkan adsorpsi yang terjadi mengikuti isothermisFreundlich.

Description Alt:The textile industry plays an important role in economy of ourcountry. Wastewater from the textile industry is one of the main causeswater pollution in river. Colour is the most obvious indicator of thewater pollution. Colored dye wastewater arises as a direct result of theproduction of the dye and also as a consequence of its use in the textileand other industri. The discharge of theses wastewater not onlydamaged the aesthetic nature of receiving water bodies, but also may betoxic to aquatic water. Wastewater containing dyes from the textileindustry is very difficult to treating conventional wastewater treatmentmethods. Adsorption is nowdays one of the most efficient methods toremove dyes from effluent, and activated carbon is the most popular andwidely used adsorbent for this purpose. The aim of the study was to gavethe alternative methods made activated carbon from char gambut toremove of the essence methylene blue color of wastewater from textileindustry. The experimental result have been fitted using the FreundlichIsoterm.Process of activated carbon production is made in two steps:carbonization and activation. Carbonation is a process where peat withcarbon content is pyrolised at 600°C during two hours. In the Activationprocess the carbonaceous material is impregnated with activatingchemical reagents like phosphoric acid (40 % wt) during ± 12 hours.Next activated carbon was filtered using paper filter and dried at 800°Cduring two hours. The solid residue was cooled at ambient temperatureand washed with 100 ml NaOH 0,1 N so pH of activated carbon can beneutral. Next activated carbon was dried again at 100°C during onehours and sieved to give a 60 mesh size fraction. The equilibriumisotherm were determined in batch system by placing 4 g of activatedcarbon in contact with 100 mL of Methylene Blue solution at 30°C,using several different initial concentration. The flasks with theircontents were then stirred for two different adsorption times (24 hoursand 48 hours). The stirring speed was kept constant at 150 rpm. Theconcentration of methylene blue in the solution before and afteradsorption is measured by spectrophotometer type SP 1104, at 664 nm.Result obtained show that adsorbtion on prepared from charpeat is quite successful. The activated carbon can remove the essencemethylene blue color of wastewater from textile industry withpercentage removel until 98%. The equilibrium isotherm can berepresented by Freundlich Isoterm models.

Contributor : Prof.Dr.Ir.H.M.Rachimoellah, Dipl.EST

Date Create : 09/01/2009

Type : Text

Format : pdf.

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Language : Indonesian

Identifier : ITS-Undergraduate-3100008030684

Collection : 3100008030684

Call Number : RSK 628.35 Cen p

Source : Undergraduate Theses of Chemical Engineering, RSK 628.35 Cen p, 2007

COverage : ITS Community

Right : Copyright @2007 by ITS Library. This publication is protected by copyright and permissionshould be obtained from the ITS Library prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in aretrievel system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to ITSLibrary

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