PENGAMBILAN DAN PENGOLAHAN SPESIMEN DARAH DAN CAIRAN TUBUH

KUALITAS PEMERIKSAAN PASIEN

PASIEN............................................................................................5

PASIEN SEBAGAI KEMITRAAN.....................................................6

PASIEN ANAK..................................................................................7

PASIEN REMAJA.............................................................................7

PASIEN DEWASA............................................................................8

PASIEN USIA LANJUT.....................................................................9

PENGENDALIAN INFEKSI

ISOLASI SEBAGAI SISTEM KEAMANAN........................................9

STANDAR PENCEGAHAN DAN TAMBAHAN................................10

PENGAMBILAN SPESIMEN

VARIABEL PENGAMBILAN SPESIMEN..........................................12

PROSEDUR PENGAMBILAN DARAH.............................................13

JENIS ANTIKOAGULAN DARAH.....................................................15

EFEK SAMPING ZAT ADITIF...........................................................17

PROSEDUR PENGAMBILAN DARAH VENA

PERLENGKAPAN DAN PERALATAN..............................................26

LANGKAH AWAL PROSEDUR........................................................26

PEMILIHAN LOKASI PENGAMBILAN DARAH YANG TEPAT........26

PENGAMBILAN DARAH VENA.......................................................29

PENGAKHIRAN PROSEDUR..........................................................30

MASALAH PROSES PENGAMBILAN DARAH................................30

KOMPLIKASI PROSES PENGAMBILAN DARAH............................31

PENGUMPULAN KULTUR DARAH.................................................32

PENGAMBILAN DARAH KAPILER DAN PERIFER

DENGAN TUSUKAN PADA.............................................................32

PENGAMBILAN DARAH KAPILER

PERSEDIAAN DAN PERALATAN....................................................35

PEMILIHAN LOKASI PENGAMBILAN DARAH YANG TEPAT........35

MENYIAPKAN LOKASI PENGAMBILAN.........................................36

PROSES PENUSUKAN KULIT........................................................36

PENGUMPULAN DARAH KAPILER KHUSUS................................37

DARAH KAPILER UNTUK PEMERIKSAAN APUSAN.....................38

MENGUMPULKAN MIKROSPESIMEN............................................38

PERALATAN LASER........................................................................39

SPESIMEN: PERSIAPAN UMUM

PENGOLAHAN SAMPEL DARAH....................................................39

SAMPEL YANG TIDAK DAPAT DIGUNAKAN.................................41

PENGARUH OBAT TERHADAP SAMPEL.......................................42

PENCATATAN DAN PELAPORAN..................................................43

PENGAWETAN DAN PENYIMPANAN SAMPEL.............................43

URIN

JENIS SAMPEL URIN......................................................................45

WADAH UNTUK PENGAMBILAN URIN..........................................49

PENGGAMBILAN SAMPEL URIN....................................................52

PENGAWETAN SAMPEL URIN.......................................................51

PELABELAN DAN PENGOLAHAN SAMPEL URIN.........................53

CAIRAN TUBUH

CAIRAN SEREBROSPINAL.............................................................55

CAIRAN SINOVIAL...........................................................................56

CAIRAN PERICARDIAL, PLEURA DAN PERITONEAL...................56

CAIRAN SEMEN..............................................................................57

KULTUR SWABS

SWAB TENGOROKAN.....................................................................57

FESES..............................................................................................58

KERINGAT.......................................................................................59

AIR LIUR/SALIVA.............................................................................59

CHAIN OF CUSTODY......................................................................59