2013 BIMUN Handbook

WELCOME TO VALLEDUPAR

WHAT IS A MODEL UNITED NATIONS? Model United Nations (also Model UN or MUN) is an academic simulation of the United Nations that aims to educate participants about civics, current events, effective communication, globalization and multilateral diplomacy. In a standard Model UN, students take on roles as diplomats and participate in a simulated session of an intergovernmental organization (IGO) such as the United Nations. Participants research a country, investigate its international issues, debate, deliberate, consult, and then develop solutions to world problems. Attending to Models of the United Nations provides participants with an opportunity to gain an insight into global relations through a challenging and constructive program. The primary objective of this conference is to provide student who participate with the experience of representing a country's point of view on global issues and engaging in resolutions through critical thinking, compromise and cooperation. Students also gain exposure to parliamentary procedure and debate as well as resolution writing. Participants select a country to represent and are assigned to one of many committees. As for BIMUN X, the students will simulate only six of these committees: Social and Humanitarian Committee (SOCHUM), Disarmament and International Security Committee (DISEC), Legal Committee, Security Council, Organización de los Estados Americanos (OEA), and International Court of Justice (ICJ).

GOALS OF YOUTH INVOLVEMENT

To increase the students’ the awareness of international affairs.

To enhance the students’ understanding of the United Nations and its effect on the world community.

To communicate the students’ concerns through his/her role as a delegate about issues bearing international consequences.

To inspire the students with a peaceful environment to solve problems concerning international peace.

To cooperate with other students in formulating solutions to problems of international consequences.

To gain skills in debate, discussion, and the organization of ideas in order to guarantee a good representation.

To develop an insight into the process of, and make a commitment towards, the development of international understanding and tolerance.

WELCOME FROM THE SECRETARY GENERAL United, that is the word that should be in the head of the youth, word that not only means

what we were taught at school; but also a word that represent all the achievements that we as

humanity have accomplished throughout the years. Because, when we are united all the

barriers become no more than a simple shade, all fears leave our bodies, all the challenges

turn conceivable and, even more important, everything is possible. If the youth that populates

the world today manage to be united under the same purpose, we would be able to do things

beyond our imagination, that is exactly why this kind of events exists, to teach us that union is

the way to obtain any goal that we set and that we are in charge of the future that is around

the corner.

The model of the United Nations is not only a simple imitation of what adults do in the UN

headquarters in New York City, is way more than that. This event represents the dreams that

we are learning to pursuit, dreams that were dreamt a long time ago but nowadays they exist

only as a dream. Although we have many goals already set, we tend to pay more attention to

the humanity main goal: peace. Today, as we grow, we should encourage ourselves to achieve

the peace that we all want, but that would not be possible if we do not stay united, united

under the same purpose: PEACE IN PROGRESS.

SCHEDULE

Date Activity Place

FRIDAY,MARCH 15TH

8:00am – 2:00pm 6:00pm – 8:00pm 8:00pm – 9:00pm

Inscriptions Opening Ceremony Reception

HOTEL SONESTA Auditorio David J. Barry Biblioteca Julio Villazón B.

Saturday, March 16th

8:00am – 10:30am 10:30am – 11:00am 11:00am – 12:30am 12:30am – 1:30pm 1:30pm – 4:30pm

Committee Work Coffee Break Committee Work Lunchtime Committee Work

Biblioteca Julio Villazón B. Polideportivo

Sunday , March 17th

8:00am – 10:30am 10:30am – 11:00am 11:00am – 12:30am 12:30am – 1:30pm 1:30pm – 4:30pm

Committee Work Coffee Break Committee Work Lunchtime Committee Work

Biblioteca Julio Villazón B. Polideportivo

Monday, March 18th

8:00am –12:00am 12:00am – 1:30pm 1:30pm – 3:00pm

General Assembly Lunchtime Closing Ceremony

Auditorio David J. Barry Polideportivo Auditorio David J. Barry

*Sponsor Meetings: Saturday 16th and Monday 18th 9:00am.

COMMITTEE INFORMATION 1. First Committee:

Disarmament and International Security Committee (DISEC) Presidents: Carolina Zapata – Oscar Daza Morelli

Topics: Iranian Government facing the international community and the implications in

the Middle East, of the atomic energy and nuclear threat. (Jihad´s beginning)

Civil war in Syria supported by extremist Islamic groups and it´s connection with social, political, military and economic instability in the region.

Room: Audiovisual Room – Biblioteca Julio Villazón Baquero.

2. Third Committee:

Social and Humanitarian Committee (SOCHUM) Presidents: Eduardo Arredondo – Alfonso Sarta Topics:

Mussulmen Radicalism taking advantage of western culture as a way for raising hatred towards the west.

Abuse of illegal immigrants, through labor exploitation (slavery) and the lack of interest from other countries towards the situation.

Room: Middle Room – Biblioteca Julio Villazón Baquero.

3. Sixth Committee: Legal Committee

Presidents: Jesus David Romero - María Carolina Pérez Topics:

Reformas constitucionales por parte de los gobiernos radicales para perpetuarse en el poder.

Aplicación del DIH frente a las acciones civiles, perpetuadas por el pensamiento radical de los pueblos musulmanes.

Room: Auditorio David J. Barry

4. Corte Penal Internacional Presidents: Jaime Jose Baleta – Malory Daza Topics:

Crimes and genocide committed by Irma Grese, during the World War II (Nuremberg Trials simulation) in Concentration Camps.

Crimes and genocide committed by Shigeru Honjo, Jiro Tamon and Senjuro

Hayashi, during the Japanese invasion to Manchuria.

Room: Teacher’s Room (Second Floor) – Biblioteca Julio Villazón Baquero.

5. Security Council Presidents: Andres Escobar – Rafael Santodomingo Topics:

NATO´S possible intervention, on Syrian conflict, towards Chinese and Russian opposition.

Nuclear development programs in countries, which could support nuclear terrorism.

Room: Teacher’s Room

6. Organización de los Estados Americanos (OEA)

Presidents: Camila Santos – Valentina Nobmann Topics:

Manipulación electoral por parte del gobierno de Venezuela y Cuba para perpetuarse en el poder.

La corrupción en México producto de la disputa entre los carteles del narcotráfico y el compromiso de Estados Unidos en la Reducción del consumo de drogas.

Room: Back Room

7. United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Presidents: Andres Sequeda - Oriana Cuel Topics:

Children used as soldiers in armed conflicts.

Social and health security as a priority for children.

Room:

8. Comisión Bilingüe Presidents: Pedro Pablo Ropain – Daniela Garcia Topics:

Explotación infantile por parte de los grupos al margen de la ley, y el compromiso

de las naciones en la solución de este problema.

Ley Sharia en niños perpetuada en el mundo musulman.

Room:

Dear Delegates,

PREPARATION NEEDED TO BE A DELEGATE

Research your country. Participants must develop a comprehensive understanding of the nations they represent by researching their histories, political ideology, governmental, economic, and social structures and all kinds of information concerning their countries. This knowledge must be applied in representing the nation's official position on international issues at the conference. Remember that you are not alone; all delegates representing the same country can work together on research. To complete research efficiently, divide responsibilities in examining these characteristics of the nation. Delegates should write a letter to the nation's embassy. These offices are often more than willing to provide background and position papers to supplement your research. The participant should research the periodical indexes of the past decade in appropriate topics and read articles of relevance to that nation's attitudes. Beware of preliminary new reports of important events such as daily papers, because speculation and confusion surround immediate reports of problems. Retrospective analyses or research articles are the most appropriate, informative sources. Delegates should pursue all possible sources of information including bibliographies and footnotes in articles and books. Delegates should cooperate during their sessions to exchange information and offer new suggestions for proposals. Organization and delegation of responsibilities assures efficient research. A general knowledge of the country beyond the specific areas addressed is of paramount importance to effectively represent a country. When preparing for a Model United Nations conference, the members of a delegation should ask themselves three questions: 1. What should I research? 2. How should I go about researching? 3. Why should I research?

DELEGATE RESPONSIBILITIES

Conference Preparation Each participant should thoroughly research and practice procedure to be observed at the Model United Nations Assembly. Research thoroughly all aspects of the designated country, involvement in global conflicts, affiliation within political alliances, and (in particular) the conference issues. The success of a Model United Nations depends

upon the depth of your understanding of the social, political, and economic position of your country.

General UN research When researching the United Nations, the delegate should be familiar not only with the history and operations of the UN and his/her council, but also with the past actions of the UN on the council’s topics, and the current status of those topics in the UN system. Most information on countries and the United Nations may be found at www.un.org There are several areas to examine when conducting research for a conference. The delegate needs to research the United Nations itself, the country being represented, the topics, the country’s opinion on the topics, and world opinion on the topics.

Topic specific research To excel at a conference, it is important to have a wealth of topic-related information. It is much easier to formulate a country’s policy on a topic after finding out as much information as you can about the topic. Much of this information can be accessed through the United Nations itself, in the form of past actions on the topic. Background papers sent by the conference will often list past resolutions, and looking up these resolutions is a good starting point. They can be found through a variety of sources such as UN depository libraries and the UN itself.

World opinion After completing research on the above areas, the delegate must turn to the allies of their country and various blocs. The delegates should know which countries support their position, and what the position of other blocs (groups of nations with similar interests) will be on the various problems to be discussed. S/he should also know which of these countries will be represented in the council. It would also help to know where the different blocs will form on the issues in your committee.

Country datasheet research In order to represent well the country the delegate is assigned, specific research must be done on that country. Both background research in the country’s political, economic and cultural systems and institutions, and assimilation of this research into an accurate position or policy are essential. The country datasheet is designed to provide a quick overview of your nation by evaluating six social institutions. The questions on the form should be answered concisely, in just a couple of sentences; however the information should be accurate. The country datasheet is an opportunity for delegates to learn broad information about their country, which is helpful in extrapolating your nation’s interest’s during debate.

Position statement research

Delegates are required to prepare a position statement that outlines their nation’s position on the topics that will be discussed at the conference. The position paper should be written like a research paper. All sources must be documented. Delegates should pay particular attention to the decision-making structure within the country. It is important to understand the actual, rather than the theoretical, process of political decision-making. The entire delegation from a country should participate together in this research process. The more you know about your country, the easier it will be to accurately determine your country’s positions relating to the topics of the committee. Additionally, you should research your nation’s relationship and role in the United Nations. This should include when your nation became a member and committees and organizations of which you are a member, between other facts.

CODE OF CONDUCT Positive language and a low tone of voice are used to communicate in public places. Committee work is at the heart of the MUN conference; good manners and seriousness of purpose characterizes the conduct of each delegate during the discussion. During recess and lunch, table etiquette is observed. All the delegates observe the MUN dress code: men wear jackets and ties, ladies may wear skirts or pants and full-length blouses, suits or dresses; appropriate accessories complete the outfits. Delegates should remember that they must not wear bright colors, such as pink, red, etc. Expulsion from the conference may be the consequence of:

o Smoking or drinking at any time or at any place. o Plagiarism. o School property damage. o Leaving the conference site without permission.

SPEAKING TIPS o Do not speak until the chair has recognized your delegation. o Don’t read; use your position paper as a reference, not as a shield. o Use a notepad or a piece of paper on which major points of your speech are

listed. o Speak in a loud, confident tone so that the whole committee can hear what you

are saying. o Speak clearly and to the point in order for everyone to understand. o Observe other speakers. Note what is effective and ineffective in their speech

and participations. o Make eye contact with other delegates and relax when you speak.

o Avoid saying words and phrases that make you seem too informal or insecure. o Frame your point when you are trying to offer arguments to support your

statement. o Try to be original when presenting your information. o Introduce yourself to nations in your committee and to your committee’s

presidents before the session starts. o Repeat your countries’ name as often as possible while speaking. o Put your proposals into short and simple messages that can be both easily

expressed and understood. o A good speech is based not only in what you say, but how you say it. o Be aware of any time limits on your speech, and give yourself time for a strong

ending before the chair calls time.

RULES OF PROCEDURE The following rules have been adopted in advance of this session. NO OTHER RULES MAY BE INTRODUCED. Language: English is the official working language of the conference. Members cannot address any forum or submit documents in a language other than English. Spanish shall be used only in OEA and International Court of Justice. Seating of nations: Delegates are seated in ascending alphabetical order by country, beginning in the first row and first seat to the head to the table (seen from the floor). DEBATE Quorum The Chair shall declare a session open and permit debate when a simple majority of members are present. The presence of two-thirds of seated members shall be required for any substantive decision to be made. Agenda The first session should begin with a call to order, followed by a moment of silence and a roll call. During roll call, delegates may answer: “Present” or “Present and Voting”. The order in which issues are to be discussed shall be decided next. The order is determined by a motion to order the agenda. This motion must state which topic is considered first. The motion must pass with a simple majority of votes. If the motion is defeated, the other topic shall be considered first by default. Once the agenda has been ordered, the committee shall consider and pass at least one resolution on the first topic before moving to the next topic. In the General Assembly, resolutions are considered by committee in the order in which they were passed. Yields

After a delegate has finished speaking during a speakers list, the delegate MUST yield in one of the following ways:

Yield to the Chair: This ends a delegate speech and has the effect of proceeding to the next speaker on the speakers list.

Yield to another delegate: The delegate may yield any remaining time to another delegation. The yielded time must be the time that remained from the first delegation.

Parliamentary Points

Right of Reply: A delegation whose national honor or integrity has been insulted by another delegation may request a right to reply, which will be at the discretion of the Chair. A right to reply to a right to reply is out of order.

Point of Order: A delegation may rise to a point of order to highlight any failures in the parliamentary proceedings exercised by the Chair. The point of order will be immediately ruled upon by the Chair in accordance with the Rules of Procedure.

Point of Personal Privilege: If a delegation feels its ability to participate is impaired by any personal discomfort, the delegation may, at any time deemed necessary by the delegation, rise to a point of personal privilege.

Points of parliamentary inquiry: Delegations may rise to a point of parliamentary inquiry to ask the Chair for clarification regarding the Rules of Procedure. A point of parliamentary inquiry may never interrupt a speaker.

SAY THIS TO DO THIS INTERRUPT SPEAKER

VOTE REQUIRED

Point of Order To object the procedure. YES Chair

Point of Personal Privilege To complain about noise, room temperature, etc.

YES Chair

Right of Reply To complain about being insulted.

NO Chair

Point of Information To ask something to the Chair.

NO Chair

Motion to Recess To ask the Chair permission for going to recess.

NO Majority

Motion for a Caucus To ask the Committee for the starting of a debate.

NO Majority

Motion to Close Speakers List To close Speakers List. NO Majority

Motion to Re-Open Speakers List

To re-open a Speakers List that has already been closed.

NO Majority

Motion to Table To table a Working Paper.

NO Majority

Motion to Close Debate To close the debate. NO Majority

Motion to Reconsider To reconsider something that has already been

NO Majority

voted on (must be done by a delegate of the winning side).

Motion to vote the Resolution To vote on a resolution. NO 2/3

Amendments

To send the Chair a note with a mistake from the paper that is been worked on.

NO Majority

Challenge the Competence To remove a country’s vote because of misrepresentation.

NO Majority

Decorum and Conduct Warnings: A delegation may receive a warning for arriving late to a session, for breaking one of BIMUN’s rules or for not cooperating with the directions of the Chair. If a delegation receives three warnings, the delegation will be escorted from the debate hall by a Floor Secretary for the time the Chair considers. When a delegation reaches a seventh warning, the delegate will have to leave the conference for the time remaining. Challenge the Competence A delegate may request the Chair to allow challenge of competence to another delegate, if that delegate has persistently misrepresented the foreign policy of his or her country to the point of serious alteration. The Chair shall allow the delegate who challenges the competence to speak first. He or she must explain in what way the delegate misrepresented the foreign policy of his or her country. The delegate must have physical proof of what he or she is saying. Then, the delegate to whom the competence was challenged has the opportunity to defend his or herself. After both delegates have spoken, the Chair must begin the voting by roll call. A simple majority is required for this motion to pass. If the motion to the delegate’s misrepresentation passes, then the delegate to whom the competence was challenge loses his or her voting privileges in all the committees of BIMUN. However, if the motion does not pass, the delegate that challenges the competence will lose his or her voting privileges in all the committees of BIMUN.

Position papers Many conferences require that each delegation submit a position paper—an essay detailing your country’s policies on the topics being discussed in your committee. Writing a position paper will help you organize your ideas so that you can share your

country’s position with the rest of the committee. If you conduct extensive research, a position paper should be easy to write.

Most conferences that require position papers ask for them about one month before the conference so that staff members can read them and get a feel for the direction debate will take. If the conference you are attending does not require a position paper, you should still consider writing one to help you organize your research and prepare

your speeches. Many delegates use their position papers as their opening remarks. How to Write a Position Paper Writing a position paper might appear to be a daunting task, especially for new delegates. But with enough research, you will find that writing a position paper will be easy and useful. Position papers are usually one to one-and-a-half pages in length. Your position paper should include a brief introduction followed by a comprehensive breakdown of your country's position on the topics that are being discussed by the committee. A good position paper will not only provide facts but also make proposals for resolutions. Many conferences will ask for specific details in a position paper, so be sure to include all the required information. Most conferences will provide delegates a background guide to the issue. Usually, the background guide will contain questions to consider. Make sure that your position paper answers these questions. A good position paper will include:

o A brief introduction to your country and its history concerning the topic and committee;

o How the issue affects your country; o Your country’s policies with respect to the issue and your country’s justification

for these policies; o Quotes from your country’s leaders about the issue; o Statistics to back up your country’s position on the issue; o Actions taken by your government with regard to the issue; o Conventions and resolutions that your country has signed or ratified; o UN actions that your country supported or opposed; o What your country believes should be done to address the issue; o What your country would like to accomplish in the committee’s resolution; and o How the positions of other countries affect your country’s position.

Position Paper Tips o Keep it simple. To communicate strongly and effectively, avoid flowery

wording and stick to uncomplicated language and sentence structure. o Make it official. Try to use the seal of your country or create an “official”

letterhead for your position paper. The more realistic it looks, the more others will want to read it.

o Get organized. Give each separate idea or proposal its own paragraph. Make sure each paragraph starts with a topic sentence.

o Cite your sources. Use footnotes or endnotes to show where you found your facts and statistics. If you are unfamiliar with bibliographic form, look up the Modern Language Association (MLA) guidelines at your school’s library.

o Read and reread. Leave time to edit your position paper. Ask yourself if the organization of the paper makes sense and double-check your spelling and grammar.

o Speech o Do you plan to make an opening statement at your conference? A good

position paper makes a great introductory speech. During debate, a good position paper will also help you to stick to your country’s policies.

o Let the bullets fly. Try not to let your proposals become lost in a sea of information. For speechmaking, create a bulleted list of your proposals along with your most important facts and statistics so that you will not lose time looking for them during debate.

DEBATES Like real UN bodies, Model UN committees have lengthy agendas and many delegates who want to convey their country’s positions. To help maintain order, Model UN conferences adopt rules of procedure to establish when a delegate may speak and what he or she may address. At a Model UN conference, there is formal debate as well as informal debate, called caucusing.

Formal Debate: During formal debate, the staff maintains a speakers list and delegates speak in the order they are listed. At this time, delegates have an opportunity to share their views with the entire committee. Delegates make speeches, answer questions, and introduce and debate resolutions and amendments. Formal debate is important to the committee’s work. By not knowing the rules of procedure, delegates slow down the debate and hold back their committee’s progress. A delegate will be called upon to address the committee when the name of his or her country appears next on the Speakers List. No delegate may address a session without first having obtained recognition from the Chair.

Moderated Caucus (Informal Debate ): During a caucus, which is a temporary recess, the rules of procedure are suspended. To go to a moderated caucus, a delegate makes a motion to suspend debate and the committee votes. Caucusing helps to facilitate discussion, especially when there is a long speakers list. A moderated caucus is a mixture of both formal and informal debate. Anyone may speak if they raise their placard and are called on by the Chair.

Unmoderated Caucus (Lobbying): In an unmoderated caucus, delegates meet informally with one another and the committee staff to discuss and negotiate draft resolutions, amendments and other issues.

WORKING PAPERS A working paper is a vehicle for the discussion and formulation of a resolution. A working paper is not formally introduced to the Committee and is not put to the vote. Working papers must be approved by the Chair, and must have at least one quarter of the committee as signatories. Working papers are one step below being a resolution, and many are often combined into one.

RESOLUTIONS The primary goal of the Committee is the drafting and debate of the resolutions. A resolution shall not be introduced to a Committee until it has been typed, authorized by the Chair, photocopied and distributed. At the Committee work, delegates will turn their position statements into a working resolution for discussion and debate amongst members of other countries. To introduce a resolution, a motion must be made. The Chair may allow the delegate introducing the motion to read his or her resolution and to correct any typographical mistakes in the distributed copies of the resolution. Afterwards, the delegates introducing their resolution may open to a maximum of three points of information concerning substantive matters, and once they have all been answered, the resolution shall be open to debate immediately. A new speakers’ list shall be opened by way of motion, with time in favor and against. If no delegates wish to speak against the resolution, this one shall immediately pass without voting procedure. A motion to table the resolution can only be made immediately after the resolution has been introduced to the Committee. If the Chair decides to accept the motion, a debate will be opened with two speakers in favor and two speakers against the motion, which will then be put to vote and will only pass with a two-thirds majority.

Resolution-making tips Each resolution is a single sentence, with different sections separated by semicolons and commas. The language of the document will greatly influence its appeal. Wording should be clear, concise, and specific; every clause should have a purpose. Three parts comprise the resolution: the heading, the preamble, and the operative clauses. The following is the format in which a resolution should be written. The Sponsors of a draft resolution are the principal authors of the document and agree with its substance. A resolution must have a minimum of two sponsors. Countries must work together to create widely agreeable language in order for the draft resolution to pass. Sponsors control a draft resolution and only the sponsors can approve immediate changes. The Signatories are countries that may or may not agree with the substance of the draft resolution but still wish to see it debated so that they can propose amendments. A certain percentage of the committee must be either sponsors or signatories to a draft resolution in order for it to be accepted. Heading

The heading identifies the committee, the resolution topic, the sponsoring nation(s), and the organ of the UN the delegation is addressing. Preamble The preamble of a draft resolution states the reasons for which the committee is addressing the topic and highlights past international action on the issue. Each clause begins with a present participle (called a Preambulatory phrase) and ends with a comma. Preambulatory clauses can include:

References to the UN Charter; Citations of past UN resolutions or treaties on the topic under discussion; Mentions of statements made by the Secretary-General or a relevant UN body

or agency; Recognition of the efforts of regional or nongovernmental organizations in

dealing with the issue; and General statements on the topic, its significance and its impact.

Sample Preambulatory Phrases Acknowledging Affirming Alarmed by Approving Aware of Bearing in mind Being convinced Believing Concerned Confident Contemplating Convinced Declaring Deeply concerned Deeply conscious Deeply convinced

Deeply disturbed Deeply regretting Desiring Emphasizing Expecting Expressing its appreciation Expressing its satisfaction Fulfilling Fully alarmed Fully aware Fully believing Further deploring Further recalling Guided by

Having adopted Having considered Having considered further Having devoted attention Having examined Having heard Having received Having studied Keeping in mind Noting with regret Noting with deep concern Noting with satisfaction

Noting further Noting with approval Observing Reaffirming Realizing Recalling Recognizing Referring Seeking Taking into account Taking into consideration Taking note Viewing with appreciation Welcoming

Sample Operative Phrases Accepts Affirms Approves Authorizes

Calls Calls upon Condemns Confirms

Congratulates Considers Declares accordingly

Deplores Designates Draws the attention

Emphasizes Encourages Endorses Expresses its appreciation Expresses its hope Further invites Deplores Designates Draws the attention

Emphasizes Encourages Endorses Expresses its appreciation Expresses its hope Further invites Further proclaims Further reminds

Further recommends Further requests Further resolves Has resolved Notes Proclaims Reaffirms Recommends Regrets Reminds

Requests Solemnly affirms Strongly condemns Supports Takes note of Transmits Trusts

EXAMPLE OF A RESOLUTION General Assembly Third Committee Sponsors: United States, Austria and Italy Signatories: Greece, Tajikistan, Japan, Canada, Mali, the Netherlands and Gabon Topic: “Strengthening UN coordination of humanitarian assistance in complex emergencies” The General Assembly, Reminding all nations of the celebration of the 50th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which recognizes the inherent dignity, equality and inalienable rights of all global citizens. (Use commas to separate preambulatory clauses) Reaffirming its Resolution 33/1996 of 25 July 1996, which encourages Governments to work with UN bodies aimed at improving the coordination and effectiveness of humanitarian assistance, Noting with satisfaction the past efforts of various relevant UN bodies and nongovernmental organizations, Stressing the fact that the United Nations faces significant financial obstacles and is in need of reform, particularly in the humanitarian realm, 1. Encourages all relevant agencies of the United Nations to collaborate more closely with countries at the grassroots level to enhance the carrying out of relief efforts; [use semicolons to separate operative clauses] 2. Urges member states to comply with the goals of the UN Department of Humanitarian Affairs to streamline efforts of humanitarian aid; 3. Requests that all nations develop rapid deployment forces to better enhance the coordination of relief efforts of humanitarian assistance in complex emergencies;

4. Calls for the development of a United Nations Trust Fund that encourages voluntary donations from the private transnational sector to aid in funding the implementation of rapid deployment forces; 5. Stresses the continuing need for impartial and objective information on the political, economic and social situations and events of all countries; 6. Calls upon states to respond quickly and generously to consolidated appeals for humanitarian assistance; and 7. Requests the expansion of preventive actions and assurance of post-conflict assistance through reconstruction and development. [End resolutions with a period]

INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE Lawyers will present and judge two cases dealing with international incidents between nations. Cases are based on historical precedent. Judges participants will deliberate the two cases. The ICJ will hear a total of two cases over the course of the conference. Delegates will be assigned as prosecution and defense for each case, prior to the conference. Case briefs must be prepared before the conference. Upon arrival at the conference, delegates will meet with co-council to prepare case for deliberation. ICJ delegates not presenting a case will serve as judges of the court. Presiding officer shall rule over the courts as Chief Justice. AGENDA Case proceedings are as follows:

1. Call to Order. 2. Minute of Silence. 3. Roll Call. 4. Declaration of the Registrar. 5. Attorneys leave the room and judges make their declarations. 6. Judges deliver their opening speeches. 7. Attorneys go inside the room and the members of the Court establish the

agenda. Hearing

8. The presidents ask the Attorneys if they are willing to accept the judgment of the Court.

9. The Prosecuting Attorneys delivers his or her opening arguments. 10. The Defending Attorneys deliver his or her opening arguments. 11. The Prosecutor presents his or her case: evidence, witnesses, experts and

arguments. 12. The Defendant presents his or her case: evidence, witnesses, experts and

arguments. 13. The Prosecuting Attorneys present his or her closing arguments. 14. The Defendant Attorneys present his or her closing arguments. 15. Attorneys and observers are asked to leave the room. Only the judges, the

Presidents and the Registrar remain for deliberation.

Deliberation

16. The judges will debate the evidence; witnesses and experts presented by both Attorneys and decide if they are admissible and if they would be taken into consideration for the decision of the Court.

17. Judges will vote the evidence, witnesses and experts presented first by the Prosecutor and then by the Defendant.

18. Judges debate and lobby on the future verdict. 19. When Judges have come to a consensus, the verdict is given and consequences

are written down. 20. Judges formally vote for the verdict and the votes must be recorded. 21. Attorneys are called in and they are informed about the decision of the court 22. Judges wishing to make their dissenting or separate opinions may do so 23. Attorneys are given the opportunity to state their opinion about the verdict or

make any comments that they consider relevant at this moment Procedures

A. PRESENTATION OF EVIDENCE

Attorneys present his or her evidence to the court. The evidence must be visible to everyone present on the committee (whether it is by transparencies, video beam or handouts). The attorney must always state the source of his or her evidence, and as the evidence is being presented, the attorney must state his or her arguments supporting it.

Judges are allowed to interrupt the attorney in order to ask questions regarding the evidence and the arguments that the attorney offers to support it.

When an attorney finishes the presentation of one of his or her evidence the counterpart has the right to present his or her arguments against the evidence that has been presented. When they present the arguments and counter-arguments both attorneys must decide to reserve their right for further arguments or not.

B. CROSS-EXAMINATION OF WITNESSES AND EXPERTS

Witnesses and experts must first make a declaration before the court.

The attorney who presents the witness or expert is the first to question him or her. After asking the questions he or she considers necessary the attorney must reserve the right to ask further questions or decide that he or she has finished questioning the witness or expert.

The other attorney is asked if he or she wishes to question the witness or expert. If the attorneys decide to question the witness or expert he or she must proceed with his or her inquiries and decide to reserve the right to ask further questions or not.

The presidents ask if there are any judges wishing to question the witness or expert. If there are, they shall raise their placards until the president recognizes them to speak.

GUIDE TO VALLEDUPAR

ARAB

Jerusalem Express Cr. 9 No. 7c-29 5734288-5737217

FAST FOOD, DELIS

El Corral CC. Guatapurì Plaza

La Bonga Express CC. Guatapurì Plaza L.266 5845439

Beva’s

Charlie`s Cr9 No. 10-30

Super Otos de la 11 Cra 11 No. 10-45 5706081

Cafè Plaza Mayor Cr. 6a No. 15-70 5712526

INTERNATIONAL

Mister Beef Cr 11 # 8-15 5738159

St. Lucas Cr 9 # 7a-152 5838656

El Zaguàn de Mario Cr19 13 C-45 5711377

Buffalo Grill CC. Orbe Plaza Local 116 5853535

O`pale Cr19 No.2d-12

Capricci Cr11 10-73 5850971

SEAFOOD

El Barco Chamaco Cr. 9 No. 13b-107 5709898-5744521

Varadero Cll 12 No. 6-56 5706175

Chinese Food

El Palacio Chino Cll 12 No. 4a-60 5706070

Restaurante Muralla China Cra. 9 No. 14-30 5800555-5800338

Desserts

Popsy

Viena

Postres y ponqués Don Jacobo

Shopping Centres

CC. Orbe Plaza

CC. Guatapurì Plaza