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SIKUENSTRATIGRAFI

Penggolongan lapisan batuan secarabersistem menjadi satuan bernamaberdasarkan satuan genesa ang dibatasi!

di bagian ba"a# dan atasna! ole# bidangketidakselarasan atau keselarasanpadananna$

Satuan sikuenstratigra% iala# suatu tubu#lapisan batuan ang terbentuk dalamsatuan "aktu pada satu daur peruba#anmula&laut relati'$

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(atas Satuan

• (idang ketidakselarasan) bidangerosi! pada umumna terjadi di atasmuka laut *sub&aerial+! ditandai ole#

rumpang "aktu geologi$

• (idang keselarasan padanan) bidangkelanjutan dari bidang

ketidakselarasan ke ara# susunanlapisan batuan ang selaras$

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 Tingkat&tingkat Satuan

• ,ari besar sampai kecil -.egasikuen / Supersikuen / Sikuen

• Sikuen adala# satuan dasar dalampembagian satuan sikuenstratigra%$

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Uncon'ormities

Stratigrap#ic sur'aces across "#ic#t#ere is e0idence 'or a signi%canttime gap$

- Angular uncon'ormities

- ,iscon'ormities

- Paracon'ormities

- noncon'ormities

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Inclusion principle) T#e 'ragment ina clastic rock must be made up o' arock t#at is older t#an t#e strata in"#ic# t#e are 'ound$

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1#at is 'acies2

In stratigrap#! a facies is a bod o'p#sical c#aracteristics t#at allo" toattribute a sediment to a speci%c

depositional en0ironment 'ordistinction 'rom adjacent sedimentdeposited in a di3erent depositional

en0ironment$Sedimentar 'acies re4ectdepositional environment$

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5the verticalsuccession offacies reectslateral

migration inenvironment because "#en adepositional

en0ironmentmigrateslaterall!sediments ofonedepositional

Walther’s Law of FaciesSuccession:

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A transgression occurs "#en t#e rate o'sea le0el rise land"ard e6ceeds t#e rate o'

sediment input! and causes an increase inaccomodation$

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A regression occurs "#en sedimentationrates outpace t#e rates o' base & le0el rise at

t#e s#oreline! or "#en base&le0el 'alls$

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Cyclicity)

.uc# o' t#e sedimentar recordsdispla e0idence 'or repetiti0etransgressi0e7regressi0e episodes$

 Transgression and regressions causedb t#e interpla o')

- Gloal sea level change

- !ectonic susidence"uplift- Changes in sediment supply

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8onse9uences o' sea le0elc#ange

• (ased on Embr *:;;:+

• 8#anges in 5depositional trend<

•

 T"o main possibilities)=$ 8#ange 'rom deposition to erosion

:$ 8#ange 'rom s#allo"ing up"ard

trend to deepening up"ard trend

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8onse9uences o' Sea >e0el8#ange

• (ase le0el 'all)

- Sediment accumulation ceasealong basin margin! subaerialerosion sur'ace e6pandsbasin"ard$

- Sea / 4oor erosion on inner s#el' in

ad0ance o' prograding s#oreline$

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8onse9uences o' Sea >e0el8#ange

• (ase le0el rise)

- Accumulation o' non&marine strataspreads in a land"ard direction abo0e

a subaerial erosion sur'ace$

- 8#ange 'rom regressi0e trend to atransgressi0e trend in marine deposits$

- ,eposition ceases at s#oreline anderosion at s#oreline starts$

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:?

Transgressive sequence set = retrogradational sequence set

Highstand sequence set = progradational sequence set

Lowstand sequence set