bab iii nermas asm nitrat

BAB IIINERACA MASSA

1. Neraca massa reaktorreaksiNaNO3 + H2SO4 ---------> NaHSO4 + HNO3

basis = 100 kg NaNO3BM NaNO3 = 85 kg/kgmolReaktan :NaNO3 masuk reaktor

komponen kadar (%) massa (kg) masuk (kmol)NaNO3 98 98 1.1529411765

H2O 2 2 0.0235294118Total 100 100 1.1764705882

konversi 97 %NaNO3 reaksi = 1.1411764706NaNO3 sisa = 0.0352941176 = 3

H2SO4 yang diumpankan BM H2SO4= 98H2SO4 masuk = 1.1764705882 kmol

= 115.29411765 kgH2SO4 reaksi = 1.1411764706 kmol

111.83529412 kgH2SO4 sisa = 3.4588235294 kgkadar H2SO4 = 93 %kada air dalam H2SO4 = 7 %H2O dalam H2SO4 = 8.0705882353 kg

produk:NaHSO4 hasil = 1.1411764706 kmol BM NaHSO4=

= 136.92976471 kgHNO3 hasil = 1.1411764706 kmol BM HNO3=

= 71.894117647 kgH2OH2O Total dalam reaktor = H2O dalam NaNO3 + H2O dalam H2SO4

= 2 + = 10.070588235 kg

asumsi H2O dalam either cake = 10 %1.0070588235 kg

H2O keluar reaktor = 9.0635294118 kg

NERACA MASSA REAKTOR

Komponen Masuk KeluarKe Separator either cake

HNO3 71.894117647NaNO3 100 3H2SO4 115.294117647 3.4588235294NaHSO4 136.92976471H2O 10.0705882353 9.0635294118 1.0070588235

Total 225.36470588280.957647059 144.39564706

225.3532941176

2. Neraca Massa di Kondensor Komposisi bahan masuk kondensor

komponen kg kmolHNO3 71.8941176471 1.1411764706H2O 9.0635294118 0.5035294118

1.6447058824

HNO3 terdekomposisireaksi

4HNO3 --------> 2H2O + 4NO2 +O2

asumsi HNO3 terdekomposisi sebesar = 10 % = 7.1894117647 = 0.1141176471

HNO3 sisa = HNO3 cair - HNO3 terdekomposisi = 64.7047058824 kg

HNO3 reaksi = 0.1141176471 kmolH2O terbentuk = 0.0570588235 kmol

1.0270588235 kg

NO2 terbentuk = 0.1141176471 kmol BM NO2 = = 5.2494117647

O2 terbentuk = 0.0285294118 kmol BM O2 = = 0.9129411765 kg

H2O uap = H2O uap + H2O terbentuk

= 10.0905882353 kg

neraca massa di kondensorkomponen masuk keluarHNO3 71.8941176471 64.704705882H2O 9.0635294118 10.090588235O2 0.9129411765NO2 5.2494117647

komponen A B C DH2O 29.8605 -3.15E+03 -7.30E+00 2.42E-09HNO3 71.7653 -4.38E+03 -2.28E+01 -4.60E-03

28.5884 -2.47E+03 -7.351 2.80E-10P operasi 1 atmT opersi 98 C 371.15 KP parsial 760 mmHgV/L 0.9 trial

log P P mmHg KH2O 2.8494143204 706.99170829 0.9302522477HNO3 1.3930384393 24.719429263 0.0325255648

Liq Vap BMH2O 384.814559904 322.17714838 63 706.99170829

0.5442985475 0.4557014525 1HNO3 24.0163970714 0.7030321917 18 24.719429263

0.9715595298 0.0284404702 1

0.0292730083 0.8707269917

0.837227023

30.75414391

kg

kg/kgmol

119.99

63

8.0705882353

kgkmol

46 kg/kmol

32 kg/kmol

E Tmin Tmax1.81E-06 273.16 647.131.19E-05 231.55 376.1

2.74E+06

liq34.290808491

17.48807153651.778880028

BAB IVPERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA

Kapasitas Natrium Nitrat direncanakan =

Jumlah hari kerja =Jumlah waktu kerja perhari =Kapasitas produksi Ethylene Glycol =

=

Basis =

Raw material (sumber : N K Patel)

NaNO3 =H2SO4 =Yield =

Penentuan kebutuhan umpan bahan bakuNaNO3 = 4040.404040404 x 1420

1000

H2SO4 = 4040.404040404 x 16381000

Penentuan

Yield = produkƩ x 100% feed utamaƩ

feed utamaƩ = produkƩ x 100%Yield

Feed utama = kapas produksi x 100%Yield

= 4253.0568846358

limiting reaktan mula - mula = feed utama =Ʃ Ʃ 4253.056884636

limiting reaktan mula - mula - limiting reaktan yang bereaksi = 100% - yieldƩ Ʃ

limiting reaktan yang bereaksi = limiting reaktan mula - mula + yield -100%Ʃ Ʃ

= 4253.056884636 + = 4253.006884636 kmol/jam

konversi reaksi = limiting reaktan yang bereaksi Ʃ limiting reaktan mula - mulaƩ

= 4253.0068846358 kmol/jam x4253.0568846358 kmol/jam

= 0.9999882438

Bahan Baku

Bahan Kadar % ms BM n (kmol) massa (kg/)H2SO4 98% 98.07754 66.129494906 6485.818181818H2O 2% 18.01534 7.3472738435 132.3636363636

6618.181818182

Bahan Kadar % ms BM n (kmol) massa (kg/)NaNO3 93% 84.9947 62.7775329021 5335.757575758H2O 7% 18.01534 22.2930103798 401.6161616162

5737.373737374

reaksiNaNO3 + H2SO4 ---------> NaHSO4 + HNO3

1. ReaktorFungsi: Sebagai tempat bereaksi natrium nitrat dan asam sulfat

M4

M1

M2

M3

M1 : Aliran NaNO3 masuk reaktorM2 : Aliran H2SO4 masuk reaktorM3 : Aliran keluar reaktor (ke Separator)M4 : Aliran keluar reaktor (Neither Cake)

Berat Atom

H = 1.00797 Na = C = 12.01115 N =O = 15.9994 S =

Basis perhitungan =Perbandingan mol NaNO3/H2SO4 =Konversi reaksi =Excess H2SO4 =a. Aliran komponen masuk reaktor

KomponenBM M1 M2

Jumlahkg/kg mol kmol/jam kmol/jam

NaNO3 84.9947 11.7654 11.7654394921H2SO4 98.0775 11.7654 11.7654394921H2O 18.0153 22.2930 7.3473 29.6402842233Total 34.0584 19.1127 23.5309

reaksi konversi = 99.99882%NaNO3 + H2SO4 -----> NaHSO4 +

M 11.7654 11.7654 0.0000R 11.7653 11.7653 11.7653S 0.0001 0.0001 11.7653

ξ = (-f) * ni limiting reactanvi limiting reactan

KomponenReaksi

ξMasuk Keluar

Vi ni in ni outNaNO3 -1 11.7653011747 11.7654 0.0001383174H2SO4 -1 11.7653011747 11.7654 0.0001383174HNO3 1 11.7653011747 0 11.7653011747

NaHSO4 1 11.7653011747 0 11.7653011747

total = 23.5309 23.5309

ASUMSIKadar air yang keluar M4 90% total H2O

neraca massa pada reaktor

Komponen BMMasuk Keluar

w in M1 w in M2 w out M4NaNO3 84.9947 1000 0 0H2SO4 98.0775 0 1153.93 0

HNO3 63.01287 0 0 741.3653934298NaHSO4 120.05937 0 0 0H2O 18.01534 401.6161616162 132.3636363636 480.5818181818

TOTAL 1401.6161616162 1286.288998769 1221.94721161162687.9051603848 2687.9051603848

2. SeparatorFungsi: Sebagai tempat pemisahsn asam nitrat fase liquid dan asam nitrat fase gas

M4

Keterangan:M4 : Aliran masuk Separator (HNO3) M5 : Aliran keluar Separator (fase liquid)M6: Aliran keluar separator (fase uap)

Berat AtomH = 1.00797 Na = C = 12.01115 N =O = 15.9994 S =

ASUMSIEfisiensi Separator =Fase uap keluar separator =

a. Neraca mol separator

KomponenBM Masuk Keluarkg/kg mol kmol M4 kmol M5 kmol M6

HNO3 63.0129 11.7653 8.2357 3.5296H2O 18.01534 26.676255801 18.6734 8.0029

TOTAL 38.4416 26.9091 11.5325

KomponenBM Masuk Keluar

Separator

Komponenkg/kg mol kg M4 kg M5 kg M6

HNO3 63.0129 741.3654 518.9558 222.4096H2O 18.01534 480.5818181818 336.4072727273 144.1745454545

TOTAL 1221.9472 855.3630 366.58421221.9472 1221.9472

3. AbsorberFungsi: Sebagai tempat pemisahsn asam nitrat fase liquid dan asam nitrat fase gas

M7

M6 M8

Keterangan:M6 : Aliran masuk Absorber (HNO3) M7 : Aliran H2O masuk absorberM8 : Aliran keluar Absorber (fase liquid)

ASUMSIefisiensi absorber

KomponenBM Masuk Keluarkg/kg mol kmol M6 kmol M7 kmol M8

HNO3 63.0129 3.5296 2.4707H2O 18.0153 8.0029 5.6020

TOTAL 11.5325 8.0727

Absorber

32,000 ton/tahun1 tahun = 3301 hari = 24

32,000 x 1000tahun ton

4040 kg/jam

1000 kg HNO3

1420 kg1638 kg95%

= 5737.3737373737 kg/jam

= 6618.1818181818 kg/jam

95% - 100%

100%

100%

H2O total533.9797979798 kg/jam

29.6402842233 kmol

22.989814.006732.064

1000 kg/jam NaNO31 / 1

99.9988%0%

HNO30

11.765301174711.7653011747

seharusnya pake tekanan uap

Keluarw out M3

0.011756250.013565835

01412.5346468901

53.3979797981465.9579487731

2687.9051603848

M6

M5

22.989814.006732.064

70% seharusnya pake tekanan uap30%

330 hari24 jam

1000 x 1 x 1330 24

BAB VNERACA PANAS

reaksiNaNO3 + H2SO4 ---------> NaHSO4 + HNO3

KomponenReaksi

ξMasuk Keluar

Vi ni in ni outNaNO3 -1 10.941858728 11.765439492 0.8235807644H2SO4 -1 10.941858728 12.589020257 1.6471615289HNO3 1 10.941858728 0 10.941858728

NaHSO4 1 10.941858728 0 10.941858728

1. Neraca Panas pada reaktor

Komponen mol ∆Hf ∆HfA B C D E

Masuk kmol kkal/gmol kkal/kmolNaNO3 11.765439492 -101.54 -101540 -15.5 1.0144 -4.37E-03 9.35E-06 -6.13E-09H2SO4 12.589020257 -193.91 -193910 26.004 7.03E-01 -1.39E-03 1.03E-06 0

Komponen mol ∆Hf ∆HfA B C D E

Keluar kmol kkal/gmol kkal/kmolHNO3 10.941858728 -41.404 -41404 214.478 -7.68E-01 1.50E-03 -3.02E-07 0.00E+00

NaHSO4 10.941858728 -262.2 -262200 223.515 -9.53E-03 -3.41E-05 1.58E-08 0

∆T∆H masuk ∆H total

kkal/kmol kkal25 200 175 7.26E+01 -7366387.07525 200 175 1.12E+02 -21757450.26

TOTAL -29123837.33

∆T ∆H keluar ∆H totalkkal/kmol kkal

25 200 175 1.24E+02 -5148247.7425 200 175 2.21E+02 -57914733.98

TOTAL -63062981.72

∆H -33939144.39

T1 OC T2 OC

T1 OC T2 OC

DATA eksport import international dari zauba.comimport eksport

Jan-12 100088 730493Feb-12 200020 746460Mar-12 220564 991595Apr-12 240244 727742

May-12 162244 775863Jun-12 360149 771846Jul-12 120151 864013

Aug-12 120579 860343Sep-12 480325 879044Oct-12 260240 866382Nov-12 180223 815897Dec-12 301125 1204801Jan-13 400213 626098Feb-13 160316 941410Mar-13 300794 1467436Apr-13 40470 898594

May-13 342625 1114596Jun-13 2451 791188Jul-13 930 1234772

Aug-13 100147 1202624Sep-13 300172 1003989Oct-13 260131 763219Nov-13 282863 769033Dec-13 296 1671000Jan-14 240815 1077121Feb-14 140156 1430369Mar-14 201530 1843392Apr-14 766 1317584

May-14 360073 1188837Jun-14 180547 1129053Jul-14 300440 1836658

Aug-14 340192 1600868Sep-14 100197 1307024Oct-14 240336 1054072

2012 2745952 102344792013 2191408 124839592014 2105052 13784978

tahun201020112012

M1 =M3 =

DATA Eksport IndonesiaNitric Acid

DATA Import IndonesiaNitric Acid

Table Import by Month, Year 2008

Bulan/Month Nilai/Value (US $) Berat/Weight (KG)

9 608 052 713 8 348 821 589

9 842 865 892 8 975 081 428

Maret/March 10 276 652 560 8 407 307 563April/April 11 646 708 019 9 332 487 726

Mei/May 11 664 174 699 8 763 040 882Juni/June 12 110 556 910 8 681 091 282

Juli/July 12 869 784 594 8 782 228 964

12 326 249 588 8 317 156 498

11 296 068 452 8 172 480 300

10 732 446 784 7 867 576 749

9 081 376 305 6 894 664 898

7 742 369 708 6 122 404 080T O T A L 129197306224.00 98664341959.00

imporTahun Nilai/Value (US $) Berat/Weight (KG)2008 129197306224.00 98664341959.002009 96829244981.00 91354405895.00

2010 135663284048.00 110701002318.002011 177435555736.00 128221634466.00

2012 191691001109.00 136373421556.00

2013 186628669880.00 141109588134.00

Januari/January

Pebruari/February

Agustus/August

September/September

Oktober/October

Nopember/November

Desember/December

eksporTahun Nilai/Value (US $) Berat/Weight (KG)2008 137020424402.00 355053970205.00 % kenaikan2009 116510026081.00 378999100814.00 -2010 157779103470.00 478846797632.00 -7.4088935462011 203496620060.00 582219779283.00 21.1775187342012 190031845244.00 600137346950.00 15.8269860082013 182551794701.00 700005037290.00 6.3575753998

3.47293961247.8852252417

zauba% kenaikan

-6.74

26.3521.593.08

16.6414.88

impor ekspor0.1 %kenaikan 16.3

2745.952 - 1668220.0772191.408 -0.2019496335 2034885.3172105.052 -0.0394066281 2246951.414

-0.1206781308

2092.3809323159 M5 2265211.324597992261092.94621845


Bulan/Month Nilai/Value (US $)

Januari/January 6 600 569 249

Pebruari/February 5 939 043 327Maret/March 6 554 129 163

April/April 6 706 761 999Mei/May 7 641 286 552Juni/June 7 935 474 878

Juli/July 8 683 341 932Agustus/August 9 707 302 686

8 516 603 276Oktober/October 9 430 126 548

Nopember/November 8 814 657 422

Desember/December 10 299 947 949

September/September

T O T A L 96829244981.00

eksporNilai/Value (US $) Berat/Weight (KG) % kenaikan137020424402.00 355053970205.00 -116510026081.00 378999100814.00 6.7440819195157779103470.00 478846797632.00 26.3451012426203496620060.00 582219779283.00 21.5879028871190031845244.00 600137346950.00 3.077457741182551794701.00 700005037290.00 16.6408057835

%kenaikan-

0.21979428560.10421525740.1620047715

M3

tahun produksi %kenaikan konsumsi2010 40000 - 42745.9522011 100000 1.5 102191.4082012 100000 0 102105.052

1.5M2 107728.4004 M4 105702.402941211


Berat/Weight (KG) Bulan/Month

6 408 533 613 Januari/January

5 353 812 083 Pebruari/February

5 977 694 304 Maret/March6 805 889 327 April/April7 567 751 961 Mei/May8 208 625 834 Juni/June7 865 271 031 Juli/July8 493 600 211 Agustus/August8 855 612 703 September/September

9 229 601 000 Oktober/October7 715 424 547 Nopember/November

8 872 589 281 Desember/December

91354405895.00 T O T A L

%kenaikan -

1.390668665-0.00084504170.6949118116


Nilai/Value (US $)

9 490 458 938 Berat/Weight (KG)

9 498 139 407 8 244 314 490

10 972 641 400 8 087 892 28911 235 788 469 8 994 268 257

9 980 350 088 9 322 467 21611 760 001 067 8 562 152 39612 625 936 085 10 011 964 48012 171 550 612 9 877 129 572

9 654 127 469 9 643 683 306

12 120 016 599 7 218 710 61213 007 603 335 9 386 386 703

13 146 670 579 10 544 653 530

135663284048.00 10 807 379 467

110701002318.00


Bulan/Month Nilai/Value (US $) Berat/Weight (KG)

Januari/January 12 558 694 259 9 742 084 622

Pebruari/February 11 749 862 451 9 446 513 223Maret/March 14 486 238 209 10 336 712 208

April/April 14 888 230 483 11 197 018 167Mei/May 14 825 868 915 11 008 941 300Juni/June 15 072 053 394 11 160 604 730

Juli/July 16 207 276 766 11 766 305 270Agustus/August 15 075 369 345 11 021 766 281

September/September 15 169 115 540 10 048 394 239Oktober/October 15 533 378 964 10 411 631 977

Nopember/November 15 393 896 679 10 705 349 201

Desember/December 16 475 570 731 11 376 313 248

T O T A L 177435555736.00 128221634466.00


Bulan/Month Nilai/Value (US $)

Januari/January 14 554 618 780

Pebruari/February 14 866 785 109Maret/March 16 325 662 478

April/April 16 937 875 721Mei/May 17 036 735 320Juni/June 16 727 521 763

Juli/July 16 354 450 283Agustus/August 13 813 875 810

September/September 15 348 557 469Oktober/October 17 207 931 360

Nopember/November 16 935 009 726

Desember/December 15 581 977 290

T O T A L 191691001109.00


Berat/Weight (KG) Bulan/Month

9 670 613 447 Januari/January

11 041 167 920 Pebruari/February11 234 783 756 Maret/March11 579 459 958 April/April11 877 761 174 Mei/May12 279 593 528 Juni/June11 541 325 367 Juli/July10 127 266 344 Agustus/August

10 806 825 885 September/September12 379 019 206 Oktober/October

12 498 589 864 Nopember/November

11 337 015 107 Desember/December

136373421556.00 T O T A L


Nilai/Value (US $) Berat/Weight (KG)

15 450 235 320 11 925 159 622

15 313 286 233 10 904 690 18814 887 075 645 11 018 318 05016 463 468 844 12 210 318 91116 660 559 292 12 610 027 73915 636 019 963 11 925 604 33317 416 991 671 13 229 872 05813 012 045 835 9 897 645 784

15 509 774 940 11 291 921 78915 674 021 743 12 103 233 550

15 149 325 413 11 653 190 043

15 455 864 981 12 339 606 067

186628669880.00 141109588134.00

impor eksporTahun Nilai/Value (US $) Berat/Weight (KG) % kenaikanNilai/Value (US $)

2008 $ 129,197,306,224.00 98664341959.00 - $ 137,020,424,402.00 2009 $ 96,829,244,981.00 91354405895.00 -7.41 $ 116,510,026,081.00 2010 $ 135,663,284,048.00 110701002318.00 21.18 $ 157,779,103,470.00 2011 $ 177,435,555,736.00 128221634466.00 15.83 $ 203,496,620,060.00 2012 $ 191,691,001,109.00 136373421556.00 6.36 $ 190,031,845,244.00 2013 $ 186,628,669,880.00 141109588134.00 3.47 $ 182,551,794,701.00

7.89nilai impor pada th 2018M1 = jumlah tahun terakhir x (1+ kenaikan rata -rata)^selisih tahunM1 = 206236907267.29 kg/th

206236907.267294 ton/ th

nilai ekspor pada th 2018M2= 1400572900878.12

1400572900.87812

Berat/Weight (KG) % kenaikan355053970205.00 -378999100814.00 6.74478846797632.00 26.35582219779283.00 21.59600137346950.00 3.08700005037290.00 16.64

14.88

2006 1,365,894.002007 1,988,765.00 0.4560170848

2008 2,598,076.00 0.3063765704

2009 3,847,890.00 0.481053672

2010 5,538,655.00 0.4394005546

2011 6,988,943.00 0.2618484090.3889392582

pangkat 2pangkat 3 pangkat 2

2010 3.9141066E+014 Err:5022011 3.9160549E+014 Err:5022012 3.9180032E+014 Err:5022013 3.9199515E+014 Err:5022014 3.9218998E+014 Err:5022015 3.9238481E+014 Err:502 12016 3.9257964E+014 Err:502 pangkat 3 -16048.532017 3.9277447E+014 Err:5022018 3.9296930E+014 Err:502 pangkat 3 -16048.532019 3.9316413E+014 Err:502

pangkat 2 Err:502

Err:502

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120.00

1,000,000.00

2,000,000.00

3,000,000.00

4,000,000.00

5,000,000.00

6,000,000.00

7,000,000.00

8,000,000.00

f(x) = 151123.232171669x^2 - 605918745.662213x + 607349044022.922R² = 0.9966004187

2 3 496851527 -2E+011 1.3064E+014

96851527 -2E+011 1.3064E+014

Err:502 Err:502

Err:502 Err:502 Err:502

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120.00

1,000,000.00

2,000,000.00

3,000,000.00

4,000,000.00

5,000,000.00

6,000,000.00

7,000,000.00

8,000,000.00

f(x) = 151123.232171669x^2 - 605918745.662213x + 607349044022.922R² = 0.9966004187

bab iii nermas asm nitrat

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