belajar reported speech

REPORTED

SPEECHBELAJAR

M e n j e l a s k a n a p a i t u r e p o r t e d s p e e c h ,

ke g u n a a n n y a , s e r t a c o n t o h d a n i l u s t r a s i p e n g g u n a a n d a l a m ke h i d u p a n s e h a r i -

h a r i

Direct Speec

h

Kalimat yang diucapkan

langsung dari si pembicara

(speaker). Kalimat tersebut tidak diubah atau

ditambah. Bisasnya ditandai dengan

tanda baca (, “____.”) atau sering disebut tanda kutip (quotation mark).

Reported

Speech

Kalimat yang berasal dari

kalimat langsung yang diceritakan kembali dalam

bentuk lain, biasanya

menggunakan reporting verb

(say,tell,ask) dan tidak mnggunakan

tanda kutip (quotation mark)

Kegunaan Direc

t Spee

chRepor

ted Speec

h

Digunakan dalam bahasa tulisan

Bisa digunakan dalam bahasa tulisan maupun

lisan

C a r a M e r u b a h

Menghilangkan tanda baca kutip

Menambahkan that (optional)

Mengubah pronoun

Memodifikasi verb

Mengkoreksi time reference

Menambahkan whether atau if (conditional)

Perubahan Tense

Direct speech Reported speechSimple present Simple past tensePresent continuous Past continuousPresent perfect Past perfectSimple future Future in the pastPresent perfect continuous

Past perfect continuous

Past perfect Past perfect

Perubahan keterangan waktu

Direct speech Indirect speechToday That dayYesterday The day beforeTomorrow The next day/the

following dayThe day before yesterday Two day beforeNext week The following weekNext year The following yearLast week The previous weekA week ago A week beforeNow ThenTonight That nightHere There

Simple Present

Mr. Alung said that he bought this book at Gramedia.

D i r e c t S p e e c h :

Mr. Alung said, “I Buy this book at Gramedia.”

Future tenseDirect Speech

Reported speech

Ms. Widya said that her father would come home that day.

Ms. Widya said, “my father will come home tonight.”

Perfect tenseDirect Speech

Reported Speech

Komang said that he had finished his homework.

Komang said, “I have finished my homework.”

Present continuous tenseDirect speechAgus said, “ I am typing my letter”

Reported speech

Agus said that he was typing his letter.

Making Reported Question

• Kalimat tanya dalam direct speech berubah menjadi kalimat positif.

• Tanda tanya tidak digunakan lagi.• Kata “say” bisa berubah menjadi aks,

inquire, wonder, atau want to know dalam reported speech (tergantung konteks)

Simple PresentDirect speech:

He said, “Are you ready?”

Indirect speech:

He asked (me) if/whether I was ready.

Direct speechHe said, “Is the man your friend?”

Reported speech

He wanted to know if the man is my friend.

Reported Speech Question Words

• Jika direct question menggunakan Question words (what, why, where, who, which, when, how, etc.) question words tetap digunakan dalam reported speech tapi dalam bentuk kalimat pernyataan.

Example

Direct speech: He said, “Where do you learn English?

Reported speech:

He asked where I study English.

Mr. Alung said, “How long have you studied English?”

Mr. Alung wanted to know how long I had studied English.

Offer(Tawaran)He said, “shall I bring you some tea?”

He offered to bring me some tea?

Suggestion (saran)

He said, “Shall we start the meeting tomorrow?”

He suggested to start the meeting the next day.

Request (Permintaan)He said, “will you help me, please?”

He asked me to help him.

Request For AdvicePutra said, “Mother, what shall I say when I

meet him?”

Putra asked his mother what he should say when he met him.

Invitation (Undangan)

Alung said, “will you join us next week?”

Alung offered me to join him the following week.

Reported Speech Commands

• Untuk merubah suatu direct command ke reported commands menggunakan kata-kata tell, order, command, ask, beg, remind, war, advice sebagai reporting verb.

• He said, “Lie down on the bed.”

He told me to lie down on the bed.

Penggunaan let’sLet’s biasanya digunakan untuk menunjukan suatu saran dan dalam reported speech “let’s” berubah menjadi “suggest”.

He said, “Let’s leave this place.”

He suggested leaving that place.

Reporting ImperativeUntuk mengubah suatu imperative (suruhan) ke dalam indirect speech

DirectHe said, “Remember to mail the letter.”

He reminded me to post the letter.

Imperative negatif(‘not’ atau ‘never’)

He said, “Don’t leave me alone.”

He asked not to leave him alone.

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