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Ameloblastoma is characterized by an unencapsulated growth of epithelial

nests and sheets, arranged around a central zone of loosely spaced cells

resembling the stellate reticulum of the enamel organ. The epithelial cells are

columnar or cuboidal cells with small bland nuclei polarized away from the

 basement membrane. A condition of unerupted third molar is usually considered

as the source of the ameloblastoma, whether the tumor developed since the

odontogenesis happened or arise from the dentigerous cyst before transformed

into a real ameloblastoma. (Barnes, 2009)

Since 1925, many had reported the development of ameloblastoma within

the walls of odontogenic cysts and the most commonly cited was the dentigerous

cyst. There have been many reports of ameloblastomas apparently arising from

the epithelium of what initially was considered an odontogenic cyst. Numerous

clinical reports have attempted to show such an association in dentigerous cysts,

and some authors believe that approximately 20% of ameloblastoma arise in

dentigerous cysts. (Piattelli et al., 2006)

As the dentigerous cyst completely formed the wall (which has the

epithelium line part) and the lumen of cyst, it might get the secondary chronic

infection. The infection, which came from the outside of the body, started to

invade the epithelium lining of the cyst. As a response to the infection, dense

inflammatory cell infiltrate where the stellate-reticulum like epithelium was a

result of intercellular oedema arising from the presence of chronic inflammation

in the area. The epithelium became hyperplastic. Because of the constant exposure

of the infection, the epithelium started to degenerated, forming the islets of 

epithelium. This is the forming of central part of the ameloblastoma or theepithelial islets with stellate reticulum like cells in the central of each islet. (Shear 

and Speight, 2007)

Authors had suggested that cases of small islands of ameloblastomatous

epithelium within the cystic epithelium of a lesion is surely a transformation from

the odontogenic cyst to an ameloblastoma. Thus, the ameloblastoma arises from

an odontogenic cyst is now commonly known as the unicystic ameloblastoma.

(Masthan et al, 2011)

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Sumber :

Piattelli A, Iezzi G, Fioroni M, Santinelli A, Rubini C. 2006.  Ki-67 expression in

dentigerous cysts, unicystic ameloblastomas, and ameloblastomas arising fromdental cysts. J of Endodontics 28: 55–58.

K. M. K. Masthan, S. Rajkumari1, M. Deepasree, N. Aravindha Babu and S.

Leena Sankari. 2011.  Neoplasms associated with odontogenic cysts. Journal of 

Dentistry and Oral Hygiene Vol. 3(10), pp.123-130

Shear, Mervyn and Speight,Paul. 2007. Cysts of the Oral and Maxillofacial

Regions 4th ed. Oxford : Blackwell. pp 73-75

Barnes, Leon. 2009. Surgical Pathology of the Head and Neck. 3rd ed. New York :

Informa Healthcare. Page 69