FAKTOR RISIKO KARAKTERISTIK LINGKUNGAN RUMAH TERHADAP KEJADIAN TUBERKULOSIS DI PUSKESMAS KOTA KECAMATAN LANGKE REMBONG KABUPATEN MANGGARAI TAHUN 2014

Maria Megilda Bosri1, Dwita Anastasia Deo2, Nicholas E. Handoyo31Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Nusa Cendana2Departemen Parasitologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Nusa Cendana3Departemen Medical Education Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Nusa Cendana

ABSTRAKTuberkulosis paru adalah penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pada tahun 2012, Kabupaten Manggarai menempati peringkat ketujuh kasus tuberkulosis paru terbanyak di Nusa Tenggara Timur dan berdasarkan survei di lapangan, keadaan lingkungan rumah penduduk banyak yang tidak memenuhi syarat rumah sehat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan faktor lingkungan rumah dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru di Puskesmas Kota. Jenis penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan desain studi kasus kontrol. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 100 yang terdiri 50 kasus dan 50 kontrol. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis secara univariat, bivariat dengan menggunakan chi square, dan multivariat dengan menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukan bahwa dari 7 variabel, terdapat 6 variabel yang memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian tuberkulosis paru, yaitu : kepadatan penghuni rumah (p = 0,000, OR = 8,273), luas ventilasi rumah (p = 0,000, OR = 12,250), pencahayaan alami (p = 0,000, OR = 6,882), jenis lantai (p = 0,000, OR = 0,242), dinding rumah (p = 0,000, OR = 0,077) dan kontak serumah (p = 0,000, OR = ). Hasil analisis multivariat didapatkan variabel ventilasi merupakan faktor risiko yang paling berpengaruh dan memiliki kekuatan hubungan terbesar terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis paru (OR = 56,659). Variabel jenis lantai dan dinding rumah adalah faktor protektif terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis paru, sedangkan kepadatan penghuni rumah, luas ventilasi rumah, pencahayaan alami dan kontak serumah adalah faktor risiko terhadap kejadian tuberkulosis paru di Puskesamas Kota.Kata Kunci : Faktor Lingkungan Rumah, Tuberkulosis Paru, Puskesmas Kota

RISK FACTOR OF HOUSE ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS ON THE INCIDENCE OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN CITY COMMUNITY HEALH CENTER LANGKE GEMBONG sub-DISTRICT MANGGARAI DISTRICT 2014

Maria Megilda Bosri1, Dwita Anastasia Deo2, Nicholas E.Handoyo31Faculty of Medicine University of Nusa Cendana2 Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nusa Cendana3 Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nusa Cendana

ABSTRACTPulmonary Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 2012, Manggarai District ranked seventh most cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in East Nusa Tenggara and based on field surveys on the environmental conditions of houses there were many who do not qualify for healthy house standard. The objective of this study was to analyze the correlation between house environment with pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in City Community Health Center. This study was an analytic observational study with case-control study design. The samples of this study consisted of 100 and divided into 50 cases and 50 controls. The data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate by using chi-square, and multivariate by using logistic regression. Bivariate analysis showed that out of the seven variables, there are six variables that have correlation with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis, namely: the density of residents (p = 0.000, OR = 8.273), house ventilation (p = 0.000, OR = 12,250), natural lighting (p = 0.000, OR = 6.882), type of floors (p = 0.000, OR = 0.242), the walls of house (p = 0.000, OR = 0.077) and contacts between people inside the house (p = 0.000, OR = ). Multivariate analysis found that house ventilation was the most influential risk factor and have the most power correlation with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (OR = 56.659). Type of floors and walls of the house were protective factors on the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis, whereas the density of the residents, house ventilation, natural lighting and contacts between people inside the house were risk factors on the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in City Coummunity Health Center.Keywords: House Environment Factors, Tuberculosis, Community Health Center