3 konsep design
TRANSCRIPT
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Development and Validation of
Conceptual Designs
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Perancangan Konsep Produk
Daftar persyaratan( Spesifikasi Produk )
Requirement List
Mengembangkan solusi utama
Mengidentifikasi masalah-masalah pentingMenentukan struktur fungsi produkMencari prinsip-prinsip kerja produk subfungsiMencari dan memilih kombinasi prinsip-prinsip kerjaMembentuk beberapa alternatif produk ( varian )
Evaluasi terhadap kriteria teknis & ekonomis
Konsep Produk
( solusi )
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Problem of Design Methodology
Renault Modus Mercedes C-Klasse
Porsche 911
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Purpose of the function structure
Purpose of the function structure:
• Breaking down of a complex problem intoproblems that seem managable
• Representation of logical interrelationships
The function structure is solution neutral!
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Menyusun struktur fungsi
Struktur fungsi disusun dengan memecah dari
keseluruhan fungsi (fungsi utama) menjadi
subfungsi
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Establishing a Function Structure: Main Flow
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machine, apparatus, device
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General Function
energy‘energy
material material‘
signal signal‘
Input Output
Conversion of energy, material and signals.Solution still unknown. Task or function
can be described via the input and output.
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Establishinga FunctionStructure: Symbols
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Function Synthesis
• Function synthesis : To obtain clear tasks, the purpose (overall
function) is broken down into sub-functions.
These sub-functions can be reduced toelementary functions.
For realization of the overall function the sub-
functions are linked via relations. The result is the function structure.
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Generally Valid Functions
acc. to Pahl/Beitz
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Establishing a Function Structure
1. Word the purpose
2. Identify the main flow
3. Establish the main function (correspondsto the description of the purpose)
4. Subdivide the overall function into
few/significant subfunctions5. Identify possible auxiliary functions
6. Identify possible subsidiary flows
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Function: Sorting of Lids
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Establishing the Function Structure
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Establishing the Function Structure
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Establishing a Function Structure
Statements
• Often, the first function structure for an overall function can bedeveloped by „a close look“.
• The more complex a task is, the more it should be brokendown, if necessary, down to the elementary function.
• The subfunctions have to be described as detailed aspossible, but always solution-neutral:
„dry sand“, „heat water“.
• By varying the arrangement of subfunctions new functionstructures are generated.
• Fromone task can often be described by more than onefunction structure.
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Development and Validation of Conceptual
Designs
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Function, Physical Effect,
Principle Solution
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Development and Validation of Conceptual
Designs
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General Methods for Finding Solutions
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Finding Partial Solutions
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Size of Technical System
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Plant : Example
Refinery
People-
Mover
System www.ikt.rwth_aachen.de
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Assemblies and Components
Source: MZ-B Vertriebs GmbH Source: www.motorradtechnikbarnim.de
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Finding Solutions
How can I finda solution?
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Necessary Abilities for Problem Solving
Ability of comprehension and
understanding as well as judging.=> ANALYTICA
ANALYTICALCreative force,
which generates new or yetunknown interrelationships.=> INTUITIVE
Problem solving requires a minimumof intelligence and creativity.
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Decision Behavior
In addition to a well structured expertknowledge, an orderly approach and atargetoriented creativity one‘s decisionbehavior is important:
•Recognition of dependencies•Assessing importance and priority
•Steadiness and flexibility•Coping with failures
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General Methods for Finding Solutions
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Discursive methods: The Safe Way
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Discursive Methods:
Physical Interrelationships
Solution finding Method
According to Koller
The mosteffective form of searching for
solutions for technical tasks is taking a
look at the physical interrelationships.
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Catalogues of Physical Effects
Catalogues of physical effects enable
the engineer to work even without a
deep knowledge of physics
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Increase/Decrease Energy Components
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Elementary Functions: Energy
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Elementary Functions: Material
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El. Functions: Connecting Energy and
Material
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Elementary Functions: Signals
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Elementary Functions: Signals
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Example: Function Structure
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Effect Carrier: Store Energy
acc. to Pahl/Beitz
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Discursive Methods: Physical Interrelationships
The most effective form of searching for
solutions for technical tasks is taking a look atthe physical interrelationships.
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Physical Effect
• The realization of a function is based on theapplication of physical effects.
• The physical effect is described by physicallaws.
• It is possible that several physical effects are
needed for the realization of a function.• Different physical effects can be applied for the
realization of the same function.
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Catalogues of Physical Effects
Catalogues of physical effects enable the
engineer to work even without a deepknowledge of physics
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Effect Carriers for Physical Effects
The realization of the chosen physical
effects is accomplished by means of
effect carriers
S ff
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Basic Statements about Effect
Carriers
The effect carrier is the material used for theconversion of the physical effect into a
technical artefact.•Different effect carriers can be applied
with the same effects for realization of the
same task.
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Variation: phys. Effect; Effect Carrier
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Working Surfaces
In order to realize the physical effect, the effect
carrier must be provided with working surfaces.
The embodiment of the working surfaces of
the effect carrier enforces the physical effect.
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Solution Principle
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Definition: Solution Principle
The solution principle includes the indication of
the physical effect, the effect carrier and the
qualitative embodiment parameters of the
working location needed for the realization of
the function.
R b t C t
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Robust Concept
Strictly choose a robust concept:
• tolerant towards varying boundaryconditions
• tolerant towards varying production quality
• simple geometryof workingsurfaces(macro-and micro-geometry), asfew systemelements as possible
I fl th C t Ch i
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Influences on the Concept Choice
V i ti f W ki S f d
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Variation of Working Surfaces and
Working Motions
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Example: Variation of Position
acc. to Ehrlenspie
Example: Variation of Phys
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Example: Variation of Phys.
Effect/EffectCarrier
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Example: Variation of Position and Shape
S l ti P i i l
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Solution Principle
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Principle Solutions Join Materials
acc. to Koller