zona tambahan n zee.ppt

8/11/2019 ZONA TAMBAHAN N ZEE.ppt

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ZONA TAMBAHAN DAN

ZEE

PROGRAM PASCA SARJANA

UNIVERSITAS HANG-TUAH

SURABAYA

Dhiana P, SH, LLM, PhD


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CONTIGUOUS ZONE (ZONE

TAMBAHAN)

Perkembangan konsep CZ

Pengertian CZ

The breadth of (Lebar) CZ

Legal status CZ

Hak dan Kewajiban Negara

Pantai


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PERKEMBANGAN KONSEP

CZ

Berasal dari Hovering Acts dari

UK yang mencegah

penyelundupan pada jarak 24 milke arah laut bebas

1736-1876belum ada prkatek

negara2 bhw lebar laut teritorial

adalah 3 mil (cannon ball theory)Dispute Spains v. British early

nineteenth centurySpains

objected on the seizure of British

ship within the six-mile Spanishcustom zone

Custom zone3 miles---UK 24

miles (kelebihan)


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Continued

3-miles custom zone

recognize, subject totwo exceptions:

Doctrine constructive

presenceutk melepas

prisoners

Doctrine of Hot-

Pursuitpengejaran

ssorg yg melanggar

hukum


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PENGERTIAN CONTIGUOS

ZONE

IS A ZONE OF SEA

CONTIGUOUS TO AND

SEAWARD OF THETERRITORIAL SEA IN WHICH

STATES HAVE LIMITED

POWERS FOR THE

ENFORCEMENT OF CUSTOMS,

FISCAL, SANITARY AND

IMMIGRATION LAWS


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THE BREADTH OF CZ

Negara tidakwajib u/menentukan CZ seperti

halnya TSBerbeda dengan CS, CZtidak secara otomatisdiberikan kepada negara

pantaiNegara harus dg aktif claimCZ hanya 1/3 negarapantai yg claim CZ

24 mil dari baselines(article 33 (2) LOSC)


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LEGAL STATUS OF CZ

LOSC: CZ is part of ZEE

TSC 1958: CZ is part of High Seas

LOSC: inclusion of both enforcement andlegislative jurisdiction dalam hal2 ttt


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Article 33 of LOSC

1. In a zone contiguousto its

territorial sea, described as

the contiguous zone, thecoastal state may exercise

the control necessary to:

Prevent infringement of its

customs, fiscal, immigration or

sanitary laws and regulations

within its territory or territorial

sea

Punish infringement of the

above laws and regulationscommitted within its territory or

territorial sea


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PERKEMBANGAN DAN

EVOLUSI ZEE

EEZConcept of Recent Origin

Historical roots lie in the trend

since 1945 to extend the limits ofcoastal state jurisdiction ever

seawardTruman Proclamation

Put first time by Kenya to Asian-

Africal Legal ConsulatativeCommittee in Januari 1971 dan ke

UN Sea Bed Committee in 1972

Gain support both from

developing and developedcountries


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RATIONAL PENTINGNYA

ZEE

EEZ is a reflection of theaspiration of the developingcountries for economic

development and their desire togain greater control over theeconomic resources off their coast

Compromised between statesclaiming 200 nm EEZ anddeveloped states

Exploration and exploitation ofnatural resources mainlyeconomic


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PENGERTIAN ZEE

No obligation to claim EEZ

Is a zone extending up to 200

nautical miles from the baselines,within which the coastal state

enjoys extensive rights in relation

to natural resources and related

jurisdictional rights, and thirdstates enjoy the freedom of

navigation, overflight by aircraft

and the lying of cables and

pipelines


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BATAS ZEE

The inner limit of EEZ is the outer

limit of the territorial sea

The outer limit of EEZ shall notextend beyond 200 nautical miles

from which the breadth of the

territorial sea is measured.

Thus, negara bisa claim ZEEkurang dari 200 nm jika

menghendaki


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LEGAL STATUS ZEE

EEZ must be regarded as

separate functional zone of asui

generischaracter, situatedbetween the territorial sea and

the high seas

The sui generis legal character

has the following elements:Rights and duties of coastal states

Rights and Duties of other states


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HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN

NEGARA PANTAI DI ZEE

Non-Living resources

Other economic resources (ps. 56

LOSC)Construction of artificial islands

and installations

Marine scientific research

Pollution control


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HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN

NEGARA LAIN DI ZEE

Navigation

Overflight

Laying of submarine cables andpipelines

zona tambahan n zee.ppt

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