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Virtual Private Network

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Page 1: Vpn

Virtual Private Network

Page 2: Vpn

Definisi VPN

• Metode untuk menggunakan komunikasi privat yang aman lewat jaringan publik lewat tunneling

• Dua grup atau lebih jaringan ingin berkomenikasi secara aman lewat jaringan public seolah-oleh terhubung secara point to point.

• Data dienkapsulasi dan dienkripsi sehingga aman melalui jaringan publik

• Proses Enkripsi biasa disebut tunneling

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Kapan VPN dipakai ?• Biasanya diterapkan pada lokasi yg terpisah

secara geografis • Dedicated WAN sangat mahal, implementasi

perlu peralatan tambahan jika menambah koneksi. Jika network berkembang perlu koneksi tambahan, perlu peralatan tambahan dan sewa dedicated WAN tambahan

• Menggunakan tunneling dan software, komputer terkoneksi secara logis ke jaringan yang tidak terkoneksi secara fisik

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Konfigurasi VPN

– Dua konfigurasi yang umum diterapkan :• Remote-Access

– The typical example of this is a dial-up connection from home or for a mobile worker, who needs to connect to secure materials remotely

• Site-to-Site– The typical example of this is a company that has offices

in two different geographical locations, and wants to have a secure network connection between the two

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Remote-Access Example

Network A VPN EnabledGateway

VPN over Internet

Mobile User

Home User

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Site-to-Site Example

Network A VPN EnabledGateway

VPN over InternetNetwork BVPN Enabled

Gateway

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Protocol VPN

• PPTP• L2TP• IPSec• PPTP Over L2TP• IP in IP

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PPTP

• Singkatan dari Point To Point Tunneling Protocol

• Kelebihan dari protocol ini adalah mendukung protocol non-IP misal IPX/SPX, NetBUI, AppleTalk

• Protokol standar yang digunakan windows• Berdasarkan Protokol PPP pada dial-up

connection

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L2TP

• Singkatan dari Layer Two Tunneling Protocol

• Kombinasi dari dua buah protocol cisco L2F dan PPTP

• L2TP lebih banyak digunakan untuk VPN non-internet (dedicated line : Frame Relay, ATM)

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IPSec

• Protokol standar keamanan bagi IP Protokol. Lebih kuat dibanding PPTP

• Implementation example : – OpenS/WAN– FreeS/WAN

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PPTP Over L2TP

• Sarana PPTP menggunakan protokol L2TP

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IP in IP

• Menyelubungi IP datagram dengan IP header tambahan.

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VPN via SSH & PPP

• Point-to-Point Protocol over a Secure Shell connection

• Establishing a Network Connection– Establish an SSH connection

• VPN Client VPN Server– Each have PPP daemons that will

communicate through the SSH connection– Viola! A VPN CONNECTION!

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Dengan skrip vpn-pppssh, didapatkan gabungan ppp dan ssh

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VPN via SSL & PPP

• Point-to-Point Protocol over a Secure Socket Layer connection

• Secure Socket Layer– Built-in support for Host Authentication– Certificates

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VPN via SSL & PPP (cont…)

• Establishing a Network Connection– Initial Handshake for secure communication– “Hello” messages establish:

• SSL Version, support for Cipher suites, and some random data

– Key is determined separately from handshake– SSL Connection Complete!– Data transferred over the link

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OpenVPN

• Berjalan pada Linux, Windows 2000/XP and higher, OpenBSD, FreeBSD, NetBSD, Mac OS X, and Solaris.

• Tidak kompatibel dengan IPSec, L2TP, or PPTP

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VPN via Concentrator

• What is a Concentrator?– Concentrator is NOT a gateway or firewall– Specialized device that accepts connections

from VPN peers– Authenticates clients– Enforces VPN security policies– Takes overhead of VPN management and

encryption off of gateways and local hosts

Page 20: Vpn